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List Of Chancellors Of Transylvania
The following is the list of chancellors of Transylvania during the Principality of Transylvania. List of chancellors Principality of Transylvania Habsburg rule The Transylvanian Court Chancellery was established in 1694, according to the ''Diploma Leopoldinum'', modeled on its Hungarian counterpart. Leopold I also created the Gubernium ("Governorate") which was the main governmental body of Transylvania until the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867. During the reign of Joseph II the Hungarian and Transylvanian Court Chancelleries were merged in 1787. The King withdrew his, among others, regulation on his deathbed. See also * Governor of Transylvania * List of rulers of Transylvania * Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711) * Voivode of Transylvania The Voivode of Transylvania (german: Vojwode von Siebenbürgen;Fallenbüchl 1988, p. 77. hu, erdélyi vajda;Zsoldos 2011, p. 36. la, voivoda Transsylvaniae; ro, voievodul Transilvaniei) was the highest-ranking ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transylvania
Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Apuseni Mountains. Broader definitions of Transylvania also include the western and northwestern Romanian regions of Crișana and Maramureș, and occasionally Banat. Transylvania is known for the scenery of its Carpathian landscape and its rich history. It also contains Romania's second-largest city, Cluj-Napoca, and other iconic cities and towns such as Brașov, Sibiu, Târgu Mureș, Alba Iulia and Sighișoara. It is also the home of some of Romania's List of World Heritage Sites in Romania, UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as the villages with fortified churches in Transylvania, Villages with fortified churches, the Historic Centre of Sighișoara, the Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains and the Rosia Montana Mining Cultural Landsc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michael The Brave
Michael the Brave ( ro, Mihai Viteazul or ; 1558 – 9 August 1601), born as Mihai Pătrașcu, was the Prince of Wallachia (as Michael II, 1593 – 1601), Prince of Moldavia (1600) and ''de facto'' ruler of Transylvania (1599 – 1600). He is considered one of Romania's greatest national heroes. Since the 19th century, Michael the Brave has been regarded by Romanian nationalists as a symbol of Romanian unity, as his reign marked the first time all principalities inhabited by Romanians were under the same ruler. His rule over Wallachia began in the autumn of 1593. Two years later, war with the Ottomans began, a conflict in which the Prince fought the Battle of Călugăreni, resulting in a victory against an army nearly three times the size of the army of Michael the Brave, considered one of the most important battles of his reign. Although the Wallachians emerged victorious from the battle, Michael was forced to retreat with his troops and wait for aid from his allies, Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
István Kovacsóczy
István Kovacsóczy de Körtvélyfa (? – October 1634)Markó 2006, p. 113. was a Hungary, Hungarian noble in the Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711), Principality of Transylvania, who served as Chancellor of Transylvania from 1622 to 1634. His father Farkas Kovacsóczy, also a Chancellor (1578–1594), was executed by Sigismund Báthory in 1594. Biography His mother was his father's first wife Kata Farkas de Harina. He had two brothers and two sisters. He married Zsófia Telegdi (died 1637). They had no children. During his early career, he served as familiar of Prince of Transylvania, Prince Gabriel Bethlen. He functioned as Secretary in the Transylvanian Chancellery between 1616 and 1622. After the arrest of Simon Péchi in 1621, he dealt with the daily internal political issues when the seat of the Chancellor was vacant. Finally, he was appointed Chancellor in 1622. He held the office until his death, he served under four Princes of Transylvania. He was also a memb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabriel Bethlen
Gabriel Bethlen ( hu, Bethlen Gábor; 15 November 1580 – 15 November 1629) was Prince of Transylvania from 1613 to 1629 and Duke of Opole from 1622 to 1625. He was also King-elect of Hungary from 1620 to 1621, but he never took control of the whole kingdom. Bethlen, supported by the Ottomans, led his Calvinist principality against the Habsburgs and their Catholic allies. Early life Gabriel was the elder of the two sons of Farkas Bethlen de Iktár and Druzsiána Lázár de Szárhegy. Gabriel was born in his father's estate, Marosillye (now Ilia in Romania), on 15 November 1580. Farkas Bethlen was a Hungarian nobleman who lost his ancestral estate, Iktár (now Ictar-Budinț in Romania), due to the Ottoman occupation of the central territories of the Kingdom of Hungary. Stephen Báthory, Prince of Transylvania, granted Marosillye to him and made him captain-general of the principality. Druzsiána Lázár was descended from a Székely noble family. Both Farkas Bethlen an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
György Hidy
György () is a Hungarian version of the name ''George''. Some notable people with this given name: * György Alexits, as a Hungarian mathematician * György Almásy, Hungarian asiologist, traveler, zoologist and ethnographer, father of László Almásy * György Apponyi, Hungarian politician * György Gordon Bajnai, Prime Minister of Hungary (2009-10) * György Bálint (originally surname Braun; 1919–2020), Hungarian horticulturist, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, journalist, author, and politician who served as an MP. * György Bárdy, Hungarian film and television actor * György Békésy, Hungarian biophysicist, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine * György Bessenyei, Hungarian playwright and poet * György Bródy, Hungarian water polo goalkeeper, 2x Olympic champion * György Bulányi, Hungarian a Piarist priest, teacher, and leader * György Carabelli, Hungarian dentist * György Csányi, Hungarian athlete * György Cserhalmi, Hungarian actor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
János Imreffy
János Imreffy de Szerdahely (''Imreffi''; c. 1559-60 – 9 July 1611)Markó 2006, p. 108. was a Hungarian soldier and noble in the Principality of Transylvania, who served as Chancellor of Transylvania from Spring 1610 to his death on 9 July 1611. He was a member of the Imreffy family of old origin. Biography János Imreffy was a grandson of Mihály Imreffy, castellan of Buda. His parents were János, Sr. and Margit Forgách de Ghymes et Gács. He inhretied Diószeg (today: ''Sládkovičovo, Slovakia'') from his mother. He moved to Transylvania at young age. He married Kata Iffjú, daughter of János Iffjú, a member of the Transylvanian Royal Council and Margit Majláth. Due to that marriage, he became relative to the Báthory de Somlyó family, because his wife was half-sister of Balthasar Báthory, Stephen Báthory (father of Gabriel Báthory) and Cardinal Andrew Báthory. Imreffy also became the lord of Alvinc (today: ''Vinţu de Jos, Romania''). In 1593, he served ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabriel Báthory
Gabriel Báthory ( hu, Báthory Gábor; 15 August 1589 – 27 October 1613) was Prince of Transylvania from 1608 to 1613. Born to the Roman Catholic branch of the Báthory family, he was closely related to four rulers of the Principality of Transylvania (a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire which had developed in the eastern territories of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary). His father, Stephen Báthory, held estates in the principality, but never ruled it. Being a minor when his father died in 1601, Gabriel became the ward of the childless Stephen Báthory, from the Protestant branch of the family, who converted him to Calvinism. After inheriting most of his guardian's estates in 1605, Gabriel became one of the wealthiest landowners in Transylvania and Royal Hungary (a realm of the Habsburg Empire which included the northern and western parts of medieval Hungary). Gabriel made an alliance with the Hajdúsirregular troops stationing along the borders of Transylvania and Royal H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
István Kendi
István Kendi de Szarvaskend (''Kendy''; ? – c. 1628)Markó 2006, p. 112. was a Hungarian noble in the Principality of Transylvania, who served as Chancellor of Transylvania from 31 March 1608 to 20 March 1610. Biography He was the only son of Sándor Kendi, a member of the Transylvanian Royal Council. He had three sisters: Zsuzsanna (wife of Balthasar Báthory), Krisztina (second wife of Farkas Kovacsóczy) and Zsófia. His father was executed without any trial by Prince Sigismund Báthory in 1594. He regained his father's confiscated estates and property in October 1600. István Kendi married twice: his first wife was Zsuzsanna Csapy, stepdaughter of Prince Sigismund Rákóczi, the second one was Anna Horváth de Palocsa since 1618. He had a daughter. Career After his father's death, he functioned as Lord Lieutenant (Count; ''comes'') of Doboka County since 1595. He participated in the uprising of Mózes Székely in 1603 and was captured by General Giorgio Basta for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigismund Rákóczi
Sigismund Rákóczi ( hu, Rákóczi Zsigmond; 1544 – 5 December 1608) was Prince of Transylvania from 1607 to 1608. He was the son of János Rákóczi, a lesser nobleman with estates in Upper Hungary. Sigismund began a military career as the sword-bearer of the wealthy Gábor Perényi in Sárospatak. After Perényi died in 1567, Sigismund served in the royal fortresses of Eger and Szendrő. The royal chamber mortgaged him several estates to compensate him for unpaid salaries. He received Szerencs in 1580, which enabled him to engage in the lucrative Tokaji wine trade. He took possession of the large estates of András Mágóchy's minor sons as their guardian, and the second husband of their mother Judit Alaghy, in 1587. Sigismund was made the captain of the important stronghold of Eger on 29 June 1588. Rudolph I, King of Hungary, granted him the title of baron on 28 August. Sigismund rose to fame after he routed the united forces of three Ottoman ''beys'' (captains) near Sz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
János Petki
János Petki de Ders (1572 – 23 October 1612)Markó 2006, p. 116. was a Hungarian noble and poet in the Principality of Transylvania, who served as Chancellor of Transylvania from March 1607 to 31 March 1608. He was the maternal grandfather of Prince Michael I Apafi. Family He was the only child of Mihály Petki (d. 1577) and Margit Daczó de Sepsiszentgyörgy. He married Katalin Kornis de Homoródszentpál (c. 1581–1637), daughter of Farkas Kornis, whom his four children were born: * Ilona: married Ferenc Mikó * Zsuzsanna: married Péter Gávai * Borbála (d. 1660): married György Apafi de Apanagyfalu (1588–1635), who served as Lord Lieutenant (Count; ''comes'') of Küküllő County. Their son, Michael I Apafi was born in 1632. * Ferenc (d. 1633): Lord Lieutenant (Count; ''comes'') of Doboka County, married Katalin Kovacsóczy Biography Early life He studied in Sárospatak between 1584 and 1585 under the supervision his close relative and godfather, István Melith ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon Péchi
Chancellor Simon Péchi (1575–1642) was a Hungarian Székely official, and wealthy supporter of Matthias Vehe and nobleman András Eőssi's Szekler Sabbatarians movement in Transylvania. The influence of Péchi's Sabbatarian prayer book contributed to the conversion of around twenty thousand Székelys to Sabbatarianism in the late sixteenth century. Samuel Kohn Samuel Kohn (1841–1920) was a Hungarian rabbi in Budapest from 1866 to 1905, time he was the Chief Rabbi of Budapest. He is remembered today as the author of ''A szombatosok, történetök, dogmatikájok és irodalmok'' ("The Sabbatarians: a com ..., Chief Rabbi of Budapest, and the first scholar to take an interest in the Sabbatarians among the Transylvanian unitarians, published a biography of Péchi as part of his studies in 1899. Works * Atyák mondásai — Pirqé ávotLouise Olga Vasvári, Steven Tötösy de Zepetnek ''Imre Kertész and Holocaust literature'' 2005 Page 331 "Her translations from the Hebrew in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Bocskay
Stephen Bocskai or Bocskay ( hu, Bocskai István; 1 January 155729 December 1606) was Prince of Transylvania and Hungary from 1605 to 1606. He was born to a Hungarian noble family. His father's estates were located in the eastern regions of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary, which developed into the Principality of Transylvania in the 1570s. He spent his youth in the court of the Holy Roman Emperor, Maximilian, who was also the ruler of Royal Hungary (the western and northern regions of the medieval kingdom). Bocskai's career started when his underage nephew, Sigismund Báthory, became the ruler of Transylvania in 1581. After the Diet of Transylvania declared Sigismund of age in 1588, Bocskai was one of the few members of Sigismund's council who supported his plan to join an anti-Ottoman coalition. Sigismund made Bocskai captain of Várad (now Oradea in Romania) in 1592. After the pro-Ottoman noblemen forced Sigismund to renounce his throne in 1594, Bocskai supported him in his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
