Line 3 (Mumbai Metro)
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Line 3 (Mumbai Metro)
The Aqua Line 3 of the Mumbai Metro, also known as Colaba-Bandra-Seepz Line, is currently under construction in Mumbai, India. When completed, the 33.5-km long line will be the first underground metro line in Mumbai, with 27 underground stations and one at-grade station. The line will run from Navy Nagar in the far-south of Mumbai to Aarey Depot in the north-centre, and will include connections to other metro lines, monorail, suburban rail, inter-city rail, and Mumbai Airport. Line 3 is expected to reduce road congestion, and to reduce the load on the Western Line between Bandra and Churchgate. The project is being implemented, and will be operated, by the Mumbai Metro Rail Corporation Limited (MMRCL). The total cost of this line is estimated at . The project is being funded by five major groups: MMRCL, Padeco, MMRDA, CREC, and JICA; the last of which provided a soft loan of The section of the line between Bandra Kurla Complex and Dharavi stations includes a 170 metr ...
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Rapid Transit
Rapid transit or mass rapid transit (MRT), also known as heavy rail or metro, is a type of high-capacity public transport generally found in urban areas. A rapid transit system that primarily or traditionally runs below the surface may be called a subway, tube, or underground. Unlike buses or trams, rapid transit systems are railways (usually electric railway, electric) that operate on an exclusive right-of-way (transportation), right-of-way, which cannot be accessed by pedestrians or other vehicles, and which is often grade-separated in tunnels or on elevated railways. Modern services on rapid transit systems are provided on designated lines between rapid transit station, stations typically using electric multiple units on rail tracks, although some systems use guided rubber tires, magnetic levitation (''maglev''), or monorail. The stations typically have high platforms, without steps inside the trains, requiring custom-made trains in order to minimize gaps between train a ...
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China Railway Group Limited
China Railway Group Limited known as CREC (the acronym of its predecessor and parent company China Railway Engineering Corporation) is a Chinese construction company which floats in Shanghai and Hong Kong stock exchanges. The major shareholder of the company is the state-owned China Railway Engineering Corporation (CRECG). By revenue, CREC is the largest construction company in the world in the 2015 ''Engineering News-Record'' "Top 225 Global Contractors". In 2016, CRECG ranks in the 57th place among ''Fortune'' Global 500 Enterprises and the 7th place among Top 500 Chinese Enterprises. Business areas CREC holds a large share of the Chinese construction market and participates in many large-scale infrastructure projects overseas (especially in countries in the Southeast Asia and Africa). In addition to the core business of construction, the company does business in surveying and designing, installation, manufacturing, R&D, technical consulting, capital management, as well as ...
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Chatrapati Shivaji International Airport
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport is an international airport serving Mumbai and the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR). It is the second busiest airport in the country in terms of total and international passenger traffic after Delhi, and was the 14th busiest airport in Asia and 41st busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic in calendar year 2019. Its passenger traffic was about 49.8 million in year 2018. It is also the second busiest airport in terms of cargo traffic. In March 2017, the airport surpassed London's Gatwick Airport as the world's busiest to operate a single runway at a time. This was later surpassed again by Gatwick Airport at the end of 2019 due to passenger numbers falling at Mumbai. The airport's IATA code ''BOM'' is associated with "Bombay", the city's former legal name. It has two operating terminals spread over a total land area of and handles about 950 aircraft movements per day. It handled a record of 1,007 aircraft mov ...
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Mahalaxmi, Mumbai
Mahalaxmi is an upscale, affluent neighbourhood in the city of Mumbai, India. It is known for Royal Western India Turf Club’s Mahalaxmi Racecourse with horse races every year having visitors from around the world. History Mahalaxmi Temple is one of the most famous temples in Mumbai. Built around 1785, the history of this temple is supposedly connected with the building of the Hornby Vellard. Supposedly, after portions of the sea-wall of the Vellard collapsed twice, the chief engineer, a Pathare Prabhu, dreamed of a Lakshmi statue in the sea near Worli. An underwater search recovered it and he subsequently constructed a temple for it. After this, the work on the Vellard was completed without any problems. Mahalaxmi is also home to the Mahalaxmi Racecourse The Mahalaxmi Racecourse is a horse racing track in Mahalaxmi neighbourhood of Mumbai. The track is oval shaped with straight chute, spread over approximately of open land in the heart of Mumbai city. It was create ...
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SEEPZ
Santacruz Electronics Export Processing Zone (SEEPZ) is a Special Economic Zone in Mumbai, India. Situated in the Andheri East area, it is subjected to liberal economic laws as compared to the rest of India to promote rapid economic growth using tax and business incentives and attract foreign investment and technology. Seepz was created in 1973 and was seen as export processing zone. Since then many other SEZ's have been created in rest of India. SEEPZ mainly houses electronic hardware manufacturing companies, software companies, and jewelry exporters of India. More than 40 percent of India's total jewelry exports ($2,222.31 million) out of $5,210.69 million during year 2006-2007 came from units within SEEPZ. Profile There are more than 400 units inside SEEPZ (Santacruz Electronic Export Processing Unit). The Policing is done by the Ministry of Finance's Customs branch and the Custodian of SEEPZ is MMTC LTD. ~ Ministry of Commerce unit. These include Portescap India Pvt. Ltd., ...
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Bombay High Court
The High Court of Bombay is the high court of the states of Maharashtra and Goa in India, and the union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu. It is seated primarily at Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay), and is one of the oldest high courts in India. The High Court has regional branches at Nagpur and Aurangabad in Maharashtra and Panaji, the capital of Goa. The first Chief Justice, the Attorney General and Solicitor General of Independent India were from this court. Since India's Independence, 22 judges from this court have been elevated to the Supreme Court and 8 have been appointed to the office of Chief Justice of India. The court has Original Jurisdiction in addition to its Appellate. Judgements issued by this court can be appealed ''only'' to the Supreme Court of India. The Bombay High Court has a sanctioned strength of 94 judges (71 permanent, 23 additional). The building is part of The Victorian and Art Deco Ensemble of Mumbai, which was added to t ...
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Supreme Court Of India
The Supreme Court of India ( IAST: ) is the supreme judicial authority of India and is the highest court of the Republic of India under the constitution. It is the most senior constitutional court, has the final decision in all legal matters except for personal laws and interstate river disputes, and also has the power of judicial review. The Chief Justice of India is the Head and Chief Judge of the Supreme Court, which consists of a maximum of 34 judges, and has extensive powers in the form of original, appellate and advisory jurisdictions. New judges here are uniquely nominated by existing judges and other branches of government have neglible say as the court follows collegium system for appointments. As the apex and most powerful constitutional court in India, it takes up appeals primarily against verdicts of the High Courts of various states of the Union and other courts and tribunals. It is required to safeguard the fundamental rights of citizens and settles dispute ...
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Aarey
Aarey Forest or Aarey Milk Colony is a rich urban forest which is within the eco sensitive zone of Sanjay Gandhi National Park (SGNP). It is classified as mixed moist deciduous type forest. It acts as a buffer between SGNP and the city, being one of the few green spaces (spread over 2000 acres) left in Mumbai. On 3 September 2020, the Maharashtra government declared one fifth of the Aarey Colony, an area of approximately 600 acres, as a reserved forest. The forest is a neighbourhood situated in Goregaon (East), a suburb of the city of Mumbai, India. It was established in 1949 to revolutionize the processing and marketing of dairy products in the city. Flora and fauna Aarey Forest has an array of wild life and several species of insects, butterflies and birds. It has at least 86 species of trees and 22 species of birds. A recent report submitted to the state highlights the rich biodiversity inside Aarey. There are about 290 species of wild life in Aarey Forest including 5 such ...
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Public Interest Litigation In India
The chief instrument through which judicial activism has flourished in India is public interest litigation (PIL) or social action litigation (SAL). ''Public interest litigation'' (PIL) refers to litigation undertaken to secure public interest and demonstrates the availability of justice to socially-disadvantaged parties and was introduced by Justice P. N. Bhagwati. It is a relaxation on the traditional rule of ''locus standi''. Before 1980s the judiciary and the Supreme Court of India entertained litigation only from parties affected directly or indirectly by the defendant. It heard and decided cases only under its original and appellate jurisdictions. However, the Supreme Court began permitting cases on the grounds of public interest litigation, which means that even people who are not directly involved in the case may bring matters of public interest to the court. It is the court's privilege to entertain the application for the PIL. History One of the earliest public interest ...
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Kolkata Metro Line 2
Kolkata Metro Line 2, also known as the East-West Metro and Green Line, is a rapid transit line of the Kolkata Metro in the Indian state of West Bengal. It currently consists of an operational section between Salt Lake and Sealdah, and will eventually connect Howrah by going underneath the Hooghly River, with an eastern extension also planned for Teghoria. It would consist of 17 stations from Teghoria (Haldiram) in the east to Howrah Maidan in the west, of which 11 would be elevated and 6 would be underground, with a total distance of 22 km. It is expected to derive a very high ridership since it will connect India's two largest commuter railway and long-distance railway terminals ( Howrah and (Sealdah) along with two of its largest business districts (BBD Bagh and Salt Lake Sector V). Line 2 has India's first underwater metro tunnel along with the deepest metro shaft. The first phase between Salt Lake Sector V and Salt Lake Stadium was inaugurated by Union Railway M ...
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Hooghly River
The Bhagirathi Hooghly River (Anglicized alternatively spelled ''Hoogli'' or ''Hugli'') or the 'Bhāgirathi-Hooghly', called the Ganga or the Kati-Ganga in mythological texts, is the eastern distributary of the Ganges River in West Bengal, India, rising close to Giria in Murshidabad. The main distributary of the Ganges then flows into Bangladesh as the Padma. Today there is a man-made canal called the Farakka Feeder Canal connecting the Ganges to the Bhagirathi. The river flows through the Rarh region, the lower deltaic districts of West Bengal, and eventually into the Bay of Bengal. The upper riparian zone of the river is called Bhagirathi while the lower riparian zone is called Hooghly. Major rivers that drain into the Bhagirathi-Hooghly include Mayurakshi, Jalangi , Ajay, Damodar, Rupnarayan and Haldi rivers other than the Ganges. Hugli-Chinsura, Bandel, Chandannagar, Srirampur, Barrackpur, Rishra, Uttarpara, Titagarh, Kamarhati, Agarpara, Baranagar and Kolkata are loc ...
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East West Metro Tunnel
East West Metro Tunnel is a constructed underwater river tunnel of Kolkata Metro in Kolkata, West Bengal. The river tunnel is constructed underneath Hooghly River. After the CESC Tunnel in 1931, this is the second underwater river tunnel of Hooghly River. Besides, It is the first underwater river tunnel of South Asia and as well as India, which is made for Metro Rail service. The East West Metro Tunnel length is and width is . A 520m stretch of the tracks will go through a tunnel under the Hooghly River. The roof of the tunnel would be about 30 metres from the ground level. The tunnel is been completed in 2021. The tunnel is used by East West Metro Line for metro rail service and constructed by Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation. Construction The section between Sealdah metro station and Mahakaran metro station was realigned due to the inability of GoWB to provide land on the surface along the original route. Even on the new alignment a station planned at Wellington had to be ...
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