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Lin Yutang
Lin Yutang (10 October 1895 – 26 March 1976) was a Chinese inventor, linguist, novelist, philosopher, and translator. One scholar commented that Lin's "particular blend of sophistication and casualness found a wide audience, and he became a major humorous and critical presence", and he made compilations and translations of the Chinese classics into English. His ''My Country and My People'' (1935) reached the top of the ''New York Times'' bestseller list. Some of his writings criticized the racism and imperialism of the West. Early life Lin was born in 1895 in the town of Banzai, Fujian. His father was a Christian minister. His journey of faith from Christianity to Taoism and Buddhism, and back to Christianity in his later life was recorded in his book ''From Pagan to Christian'' (1959). Academia Lin studied for his bachelor's degree at St. John's University, Shanghai, St. John's University, a Christian university in Shanghai. Then he received a half-scholarship to continue stu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lin (surname)
Lin (; ) is the Mandarin Chinese, Mandarin romanization of the Chinese surname written wikt:林, 林, which has many variations depending on the language and is also used in Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, Indonesia, Japan, Korea (as Im (surname), Im), Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia. Among Taiwanese and Chinese families from abroad, it is sometimes pronounced and spelled as Lim because many Chinese descendants are part of the Southern Min diaspora that speak Hokkien or Teochew dialect, Teochew. In Cantonese-speaking regions such as Hong Kong and Macau it is spelled as Lam or Lum. It is listed 147th on the ''Hundred Family Surnames''. Within mainland China, it is currently the 18th most common List of common Chinese surnames, surname. In Japan, the character 林 is also used but goes by the pronunciation Hayashi, which is the 19th most common surname in Japan. Name origin King Zhou of Shang (reigned 1154 to 1122 BC), the last king of the Shang dynasty, had three ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Labour Corps
The Chinese Labour Corps (CLC; ; ) was a labour corps recruited by the British government in the First World War to free troops for front line duty by performing support work and manual labour. The French government also recruited a significant number of Chinese labourers, and although those labourers working for the French were recruited separately and not part of the CLC, the term is often used to encompass both groups. In all, some 140,000 men served for both British and French forces before the war ended and most of the men were repatriated to China between 1918 and 1920. Origins In 1916, Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig requested that 21,000 labourers be recruited to fill the manpower shortage caused by casualties during the First World War. Recruiting labourers from other countries was not something unusual at that time. Other than the Chinese, labour corps were serving in France from Egypt, Fiji, India, Malta, Mauritius, Seychelles, and the British West Indies, as well a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Walsh (publisher)
Richard or Dick Walsh may refer to: *Richard Walsh (actor) (born 1952), British television actor *Richard Walsh (Australian publisher) (born 1941), Australian publisher and one of the original co-editors of 1960s satirical magazine ''Oz'' *Richard Walsh (English politician), High Sheriff of Worcestershire *Richard Walsh (fighter) (born 1988), martial artist *Richard Walsh (Irish politician) (1889–1957), Irish Fianna Fáil politician, TD for Mayo South * Richard A. Walsh (1930–2005), American politician *Richard Ambrose Walsh (1862-1949), American politician and lawyer *Richard Hussey Walsh (1825–1862), Irish political economist and colonial official *Dick Walsh (1877–1958), Irish hurler *Dick Walsh (executive) (1925–2011), sporting executive * Richard F. Walsh (1900–1992), American labor union leader * Richard J. Walsh (1887–1960), New York publisher, founder of John Day Company *Dick Walsh (journalist), Irish journalist for ''Fortnight Magazine ''Fortnight'' w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pearl Buck
Pearl Comfort Sydenstricker Buck (June 26, 1892 – March 6, 1973) was an American writer and novelist. She is best known for ''The Good Earth'', the best-selling novel in the United States in 1931 and 1932 and which won her the Pulitzer Prize for the Novel, Pulitzer Prize in 1932. In 1938, Buck became the first American woman to win the 1938 Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize in Literature "for her rich and truly epic descriptions of Rural society in China, peasant life in China" and for her "masterpieces", two memoir-biographies of her missionary parents. Buck was born in West Virginia, but in October 1892, her parents took their 4-month-old baby to China. As the daughter of Missionary, missionaries and later as a missionary herself, Buck spent most of her life before 1934 in Zhenjiang, with her parents, and in Nanjing, with her first husband. She and her parents spent their summers in a villa in Kuling, Jiujiang, Kuling, Mount Lu, Jiujiang, and it was during this annual p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phono-semantic Match
Phono-semantic matching (PSM) is the incorporation of a word into one language from another, often creating a neologism, where the word's non-native quality is hidden by replacing it with phonetically and semantically similar words or roots from the adopting language. Thus the approximate sound and meaning of the original expression in the source language are preserved, though the new expression (the PSM – the phono-semantic match) in the target language may sound native. Phono-semantic matching is distinct from calquing, which includes (semantic) translation but does not include phonetic matching (i.e., retention of the approximate sound of the borrowed word through matching it with a similar-sounding pre-existent word or morpheme in the target language). Phono-semantic matching is also distinct from homophonic translation, which retains the sound of a word but not the meaning. History The term "phono-semantic matching" was introduced by linguist and revivalist Ghil'ad Zucke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humor
Humour ( Commonwealth English) or humor (American English) is the tendency of experiences to provoke laughter and provide amusement. The term derives from the humoral medicine of the ancient Greeks, which taught that the balance of fluids in the human body, known as "humours" (Latin: ', "body fluid"), controlled human health and emotion. People of all ages and cultures respond to humour. Most people are able to experience humour—be amused, smile or laugh at something funny (such as a pun or joke)—and thus are considered to have a ''sense of humour''. The hypothetical person lacking a sense of humour would likely find the behaviour to be inexplicable, strange, or even irrational. Though ultimately decided by subjective personal taste, the extent to which a person finds something humorous depends on a host of variables, including geographical location, culture, maturity, level of education, intelligence and wikt:context, context. For example, young children may favour sl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhou Zuoren
Zhou Zuoren () (16 January 1885 – 6 May 1967) was a Chinese writer, primarily known as an essayist and a translator. He was the younger brother of Lu Xun (Zhou Shuren, 周树人), the second of three brothers. Biography Early life Born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Zhou Zuoren was educated at the Jiangnan Naval Academy as a teenager before moving to Japan in 1906, following his brother's footsteps. During his stint in Japan, he began studying Ancient Greek, with the aim of translating the ''Gospels'' into Classical Chinese, and attended lectures on Chinese philology by scholar-revolutionary Zhang Binglin at Rikkyo University, although he was supposed to study civil engineering there. He returned to China in 1911, with his Japanese wife, and began to teach in different institutions. During the May Fourth Movement Writing essays in vernacular Chinese for the magazine '' La Jeunesse'', Zhou was a figure in the May Fourth Movement as well as the New Culture Movement. He was an advoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lu Xun
Lu Xun ( zh, c=魯迅, p=Lǔ Xùn, ; 25 September 188119 October 1936), pen name of Zhou Shuren, born Zhou Zhangshou, was a Chinese writer. A leading figure of modern Chinese literature, he wrote in both vernacular and literary Chinese as a novelist, literary critic, essayist, poet, translator and political commentator, known for his satirical, acerbic tone and critical reflections on Chinese history and culture. Lu was born into a declining family of landlords and scholar-officials in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Although he initially aspired to take the imperial examinations, his family’s limited financial means compelled him to attend government-funded schools that offered a "Western-style education." After graduation, Lu pursued medical studies at Tohoku University in Japan but eventually dropped out, turning his attention to literature. Financial difficulties forced his return to China, where he taught at various secondary schools and colleges before taking a position at the Min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lao She
Shu Qingchun (3 February 189924 August 1966), known by his pen name Lao She, was a Chinese writer of Manchu ethnicity, known for his vivid portrayal of urban life and his colorful use of the Beijing dialect, such as in the novel '' Rickshaw Boy'' and the play ''Teahouse''. During the Cultural Revolution, he was persecuted and either drowned himself or was murdered. Biography Early life Lao She was born Shu Qingchun on 3 February 1899 in Beijing, to a poor Manchu family of the Šumuru clan belonging to the Plain Red Banner. His father, who was a guard soldier, died in a street battle with the Eight-Nation Alliance Forces in the course of the Boxer Rebellion events in 1901. "During my childhood," Lao She later recalled, "I didn't need to hear stories about evil ogres eating children and so forth; the foreign devils my mother told me about were more barbaric and cruel than any fairy tale ogre with a huge mouth and great fangs. And fairy tales are only fairy tales, whereas my mothe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hu Shih
Hu Shih ( zh, t=胡適; 17 December 189124 February 1962) was a Chinese academic, writer, and politician. Hu contributed to Chinese liberalism and language reform, and was a leading advocate for the use of written vernacular Chinese. He participated in the May Fourth Movement and China's New Culture Movement. He was a president of Peking University and Academia Sinica. Hu was the editor of the '' Free China Journal'', which was shut down for criticizing Chiang Kai-shek. In 1919, he also criticized Li Dazhao. Hu advocated that the world adopt Western-style democracy. Moreover, Hu criticized Sun Yat-sen's claim that people are incapable of self-rule. Hu criticized the Nationalist government for betraying the ideal of Constitutionalism in ''The Outline of National Reconstruction''. Hu wrote many essays questioning the political legitimacy of Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party. Specifically, Hu said that the autocratic dictatorship system of the CCP was "un-Chinese" a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Culture Movement
The New Culture Movement was a progressivism, progressive sociopolitical movement in China during the 1910s and 1920s. Participants criticized many aspects of traditional Chinese society, in favor of new formulations of Chinese culture informed by modern ideals of mass political participation. Arising out of disillusionment with traditional Chinese culture following the failure of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China to address China's problems, it featured scholars such as Chen Duxiu, Cai Yuanpei, Chen Hengzhe, Li Dazhao, Lu Xun, Zhou Zuoren, He Dong, Qian Xuantong, Liu Bannong, Bing Xin, and Hu Shih, many classically educated, who led a revolt against Confucianism. The movement was launched by the writers of ''New Youth'' magazine, where these intellectuals promoted a new society based on unconstrained individuals rather than the traditional Confucian system. In 1917, Hu Shih put forward the famous "eight principles", that is, abandon the ancient traditional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nationalist Government
The Nationalist government, officially the National Government of the Republic of China, refers to the government of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China from 1 July 1925 to 20 May 1948, led by the nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) party. Following the outbreak of the 1911 Revolution, Xinhai Revolution, revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen was elected to be China's List of Presidents of the Republic of China, provisional president and founded the Provisional Government of the Republic of China (1912), Provisional Government of the Republic of China. To preserve national unity, Sun ceded the presidency to military strongman Yuan Shikai, who established the Beiyang government. After Empire of China (1915-1916), a failed attempt to install himself as Emperor of China, Yuan died in 1916, leaving a power vacuum which resulted in China being divided into several Warlord Era, warlord fiefs and rival governments. They were nominally Chinese reunification (1928), reunified in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
