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Liberals (Victoria, Pre-1909)
The Liberal Party, often known simply as the Liberals, was the name used by a number of political groupings and parties in the Victorian Parliament from the late 19th century until around 1917. Before then, multiple Liberal political groupings were active in the Victorian colonial politics. Since that time, a formal political party structure has emerged. History Until federation in 1901, the only major political party active in Victorian state politics was the Labour Party. The main political groupings were the Ministerialists and Oppositionists, which either supported or opposed the government of the day. The first Victorian Premier to be considered a Liberal was Graham Berry, who took office in 1875. He later led the Liberals to victory at the 1877, February 1880 and July 1880 colonial elections. Berry's electoral victory in 1877 came as leader of the National Reform and Protection League, which historian Sean Scalmer contends was Australia's first mass political party with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of Australia
The politics of Australia take place within the framework of a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Australia has maintained a stable liberal democratic political system under its Constitution, one of the world's oldest, since Federation in 1901. Australia is the world's sixth oldest continuous democracy and largely operates as a two-party system in which voting is compulsory. Australia is also a federation, where power is divided between the federal government and the states and territories. The federal government is separated into three branches: File:Au_gov_chart.svg, center, 640px, Structure of the Government of Australia, alt=A high level diagram of the structure of the Government of Australia, the three branches, legislative, executive, and judicial. rect 575 6 1175 56 Constitution of Australia rect 575 191 1175 241 Governor General of Australia rect 125 341 425 391 Legislative Branch rect 725 341 1025 391 Executive Branch rect 1325 341 1625 391 Judic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Turner (Australian Politician)
Sir George Turner (8 August 1851 – 13 August 1916) was an Australian politician. He served two terms as Premier of Victoria, holding office from 1894 to 1899 and 1900 to 1901 as a liberal. After Federation he was invited by Edmund Barton to join the inaugural federal ministry, becoming the first Treasurer of Australia. He held office until 1904 under Barton and Alfred Deakin, then a few months later resumed office under George Reid. The government fell in 1905 and Turner retired from politics at the 1906 election. Early life Turner was born in Melbourne: he was the first Premier of Victoria born in the colony. He received a sound education and began work as a clerk in a law office, matriculating in 1872 and being admitted to practise as a solicitor in 1881. He was a founding member of the Australian Natives' Association, an influential lobby group of Australian-born political liberals who campaigned for Australian federation and other causes. He was a member of the town ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melbourne
Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a metropolitan area known as Greater Melbourne, comprising an urban agglomeration of 31 local municipalities, although the name is also used specifically for the local municipality of City of Melbourne based around its central business area. The metropolis occupies much of the northern and eastern coastlines of Port Phillip Bay and spreads into the Mornington Peninsula, part of West Gippsland, as well as the hinterlands towards the Yarra Valley, the Dandenong and Macedon Ranges. It has a population over 5 million (19% of the population of Australia, as per 2021 census), mostly residing to the east side of the city centre, and its inhabitants are commonly referred to as "Melburnians". The area of Melbourne has been home to Aboriginal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swanston Street
Swanston Street is a major thoroughfare in the centre of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is one of the main streets of the Melbourne central business district and was laid out in 1837 as part of the original Hoddle Grid. The street vertically bisects Melbourne's city centre and is famous as the world's busiest tram corridor, for its heritage buildings and as a shopping strip. Swanston Street runs roughly north–south in-between Russell Street to the east and Elizabeth Street to the west. To the south it becomes St Kilda Road after the intersection with Flinders Street, whilst the road's northern end is in the suburb of Carlton at Melbourne Cemetery. This northern section was originally named Madeline Street. The street is named after merchant, banker and politician Charles Swanston. History Swanston Street was one of the main north–south streets originally laid out in the 1837 Hoddle Grid. Originally carrying pedestrians and horse-drawn cart traffic, the street resemb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protectionism
Protectionism, sometimes referred to as trade protectionism, is the economic policy of restricting imports from other countries through methods such as tariffs on imported goods, import quotas, and a variety of other government regulations. Proponents argue that protectionist policies shield the producers, businesses, and workers of the Import substitution industrialization, import-competing sector in the country from foreign competitors. Opponents argue that protectionist policies reduce trade and adversely affect consumers in general (by raising the cost of imported goods) as well as the producers and workers in export sectors, both in the country implementing protectionist policies and in the countries protected against. Protectionism is advocated mainly by parties that hold Economic nationalism, economic nationalist or left-wing positions, while economically right-wing political parties generally support free trade. There is a consensus among economists that protectioni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberalism
Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on the rights of the individual, liberty, consent of the governed, political equality and equality before the law."political rationalism, hostility to autocracy, cultural distaste for conservatism and for tradition in general, tolerance, and ... individualism". John Dunn. ''Western Political Theory in the Face of the Future'' (1993). Cambridge University Press. . Liberals espouse various views depending on their understanding of these principles. However, they generally support private property, market economies, individual rights (including civil rights and human rights), liberal democracy, secularism, rule of law, economic and political freedom, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, and freedom of religion. Liberalism is frequently cited as the dominant ideology of modern times.Wolfe, p. 23.Adams, p. 11. Liberalism became a distinct movement in the Age of Enlightenment, gaining popularity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1904 Victorian State Election
The 1904 Victorian state election was held in the Australian state of Victoria on 1 June 1904 to elect 67 members to the state's Legislative Assembly. It was the first election to be held in Victoria since the passing of the Constitution Act 1903 (also known as the "Constitution Reform Act"), which reduced the number of seats in the Legislative Assembly from 95 to 67 and removed all two-member electorates. It also created three new electorates representing public and railways officers: the Electoral province for Public Officers and Railway Officers the " Electoral district for Public Officers" and a two-member "Electoral district for Railway Officers". Members of the public service had previously not been eligible to stand as candidates without first resigning. Under these changes, they could stand while a state employee, and if successful in winning a seat, would have a leave of absence while sitting as an MP. Background Ministerialists were a group of members of parliament ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Bent
Sir Thomas Bent (7 December 1838 – 17 September 1909) was an Australian politician and the 22nd Premier of Victoria. Early life Bent was born in Penrith, New South Wales the eldest of four sons and two daughters of James Bent, a hotel-keeper. He came to Melbourne with his parents in 1849. He went to school in the Melbourne suburb of Fitzroy, Victoria, Fitzroy, later becoming a market-gardener in East Brighton. In 1861 he became a rate collector for the town council of Brighton, Victoria, Brighton, then a fast-growing suburb. He soon began buying and selling land in Brighton, and became a property developer in new areas fairly close by, such as Moorabbin. He developed the suburb of Bentleigh, Victoria, Bentleigh, named after himself. He was a member of both Brighton and Moorabbin town councils and was Mayor of Brighton nine times. State politics In 1871 Bent was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for the Electoral district of Brighton, district of Brighton, defeatin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conservatism In Australia
Conservatism in Australia refers to the political philosophy of conservatism as it has developed in Australia. Politics in Australia has since at least the 1910s been most predominantly a contest between the Australian labour movement and the combined forces of anti-Labour groups. The anti-Labour groups have at times identified themselves as "free trade", "nationalist", "anti-communist", "Liberalism, liberal", and "right of centre", among other labels; until the 1990s, the label "conservative" had rarely been used in Australia, and when used it tended to be used by pro-Labour forces as a term of disparagement against their opponents. Terminology In the early 20th century, "Conservatism" was used as a disparaging epithet by detractors of right wing politics and politicians within Australia, often by supporters and members of left-wing, left leaning movements and parties such as the Australian Labor Party and later the Australian Greens. People on the right called themselves "liber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Citizens' Reform League
The National Citizens' Reform League was formed in Melbourne in April 1902. It sought to reduce the size of the Victorian government, following the recent creation of the Australian Government. Its cause attracted those opposed to the Australian Labor Party and the Alexander Peacock led group of Liberal Party supporters. Within one month it had 90 branches. Its leader, William Irvine, soon replaced Premier Peacock in June and went on to win the 1902 Victorian state election in October. Within six months of its founding, the League had over 15,000 members. The League's cause was greatly progressed by the passing of the Constitution Act 1903 (also known as the "Constitution Reform Act"). Its changes included reducing the number of seats in the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 95 to 67, and those in the Legislative Council from 48 to 35. Irvine retired from the role of Premier in February 1904, being replaced by the similarly minded Thomas Bent. He contested the 1904 Victor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1902 Victorian State Election
The 1902 Victorian State election was held in the Australian state of Victoria on 1 October 1902, to elect 70 of the 95 members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly. The other 25 seats were uncontested. There was manhood suffrage in single and multimember districts (with multiple voting), and first past the post (plurality) voting was used. William Irvine replaced Alexander Peacock as Victorian Premier on 10 June 1902, and contested the election as the incumbent premier and leader of the conservative National Citizens' Reform League. Irvine soundly defeated the Liberals, and their Labor allies led by Frederick Bromley. Results The incumbent Reform League was returned with a comfortable majority, winning 47 seats, which led to the formation of the 1902 Irvine Ministry. See also *Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly, 1902–1904 This is a list of members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly, from the 1902 state election held on 1 October 1902 to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1900 Victorian Colonial Election
The 1900 Victorian colonial election was held on 1 November 1900 to elect the 18th Parliament of Victoria. All 95 seats in the Victorian Legislative Assembly, Legislative Assembly were up for election. The incumbent Ministerialist government, led by Allan McLean (Australian politician), Allan McLean, was defeated and a Liberalism in Australia, Liberal government was formed with George Turner (Australian politician), George Turner as Premier of Victoria, Premier. Turner had previously served as premier from 1894 until 1899. This was the first election in Victoria that used First-past-the-post voting, first-past-the-post following the abolition of plural voting. People who lived in one electorate and owned property in another were still able to choose which electorate they voted in. This was also the last election in Victoria before Federation of Australia, federation in 1901, when it became a States and territories of Australia, state. Results Notes References {{Victo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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