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Leviellus Thorelli
''Leviellus'', synonym ''Stroemiellus'', is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 2004. Species it contains six species across Europe and Asia: *''Leviellus caspicus'' (Simon, 1889) – Central Asia, Iran *''Leviellus inconveniens'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – Lebanon, Israel *''Leviellus kochi'' (Thorell, 1870) – Southern Europe, North Africa, Central Asia *''Leviellus poriensis'' (Levy, 1987) – Israel *''Leviellus stroemi ''Leviellus'', Synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Stroemiellus'', is a genus of Araneidae, orb-weaver spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 2004. Species it contains six species across Europe and Asia: *''Leviellus caspicus'' (Eugène Simon, S ...'' (Thorell, 1870) – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Korea *'' Leviellus thorelli'' ( Ausserer, 1871) – France, Central, Southern and South-Eastern Europe References Araneidae Araneomorphae genera Spiders of Asia {{Araneidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leviellus Stroemi
''Leviellus'', Synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Stroemiellus'', is a genus of Araneidae, orb-weaver spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 2004. Species it contains six species across Europe and Asia: *''Leviellus caspicus'' (Eugène Simon, Simon, 1889) – Central Asia, Iran *''Leviellus inconveniens'' (Octavius Pickard-Cambridge, O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – Lebanon, Israel *''Leviellus kochi'' (Thorell, 1870) – Southern Europe, North Africa, Central Asia *''Leviellus poriensis'' (Levy, 1987) – Israel *''Leviellus stroemi'' (Thorell, 1870) – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Korea *''Leviellus thorelli'' (Anton Ausserer, Ausserer, 1871) – France, Central, Southern and South-Eastern Europe References Araneidae Araneomorphae genera Spiders of Asia {{Araneidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leviellus Kochi
''Leviellus'', synonym ''Stroemiellus'', is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 2004. Species it contains six species across Europe and Asia: *'' Leviellus caspicus'' (Simon, 1889) – Central Asia, Iran *'' Leviellus inconveniens'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – Lebanon, Israel *'' Leviellus kochi'' (Thorell, 1870) – Southern Europe, North Africa, Central Asia *'' Leviellus poriensis'' (Levy, 1987) – Israel *''Leviellus stroemi ''Leviellus'', Synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Stroemiellus'', is a genus of Araneidae, orb-weaver spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 2004. Species it contains six species across Europe and Asia: *''Leviellus caspicus'' (Eugène Simon, S ...'' (Thorell, 1870) – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Korea *'' Leviellus thorelli'' ( Ausserer, 1871) – France, Central, Southern and South-Eastern Europe References Araneidae Araneomorphae genera Spiders of Asia {{Araneidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamerlan Thorell
Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell (3 May 1830 – 22 December 1901) was a Sweden, Swedish arachnologist. Thorell studied spiders with Giacomo Doria at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale de Genoa. He corresponded with other arachnologists, such as Octavius Pickard-Cambridge, Eugène Simon and Thomas Workman (entomologist), Thomas Workman. He described more than 1,000 spider species during his time from the 1850 to 1900. Thorell wrote: ''On European Spiders'' (1869) and ''Synonym of European Spiders'' (1870-73). Taxonomic honors The Orb-weaver spider genus ''Thorellina'' and the jumping spider genus ''Thorelliola'' are named after him, as well as about 30 species of spiders: * ''Araneus thorelli'' (Roewer, 1942) (Myanmar) (Araneidae) * ''Gasteracantha thorelli'' Keyserling, 1864 (Madagascar) (Araneidae) * ''Leviellus thorelli'' (Ausserer, 1871) (Europe) (Araneidae) * ''Mandjelia thorelli'' (Raven, 1990) (Queensland) (Barychelidae) * ''Clubiona thorelli'' Roewer, 1951 (Sumatra) (Clubi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synonym (taxonomy)
The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called ''Pinus abies''. This name is no longer in use, so it is now a synonym of the current scientific name, ''Picea abies''. * In zoology, moving a species from one genus to another results in a different binomen, but the name is considered an alternative combination rather than a synonym. The concept of synonymy in zoology is reserved for two names at the same rank that refers to a taxon at that rank - for example, the name ''Papilio prorsa'' Linnaeus, 1758 is a junior synonym of ''Papilio levana'' Linnaeus, 1758, being names for different seasonal forms of the species now referred to as ''Araschnia le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Araneidae
Orb-weaver spiders are members of the spider family Araneidae. They are the most common group of builders of spiral wheel-shaped webs often found in gardens, fields, and forests. The English word "orb" can mean "circular", hence the English name of the group. Araneids have eight similar eyes, hairy or spiny legs, and no stridulating organs. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, including many well-known large or brightly colored garden spiders. With 3,108 species in 186 genera worldwide, the Araneidae comprise the third-largest family of spiders (behind the Salticidae and Linyphiidae). Araneid webs are constructed in a stereotypical fashion, where a framework of nonsticky silk is built up before the spider adds a final spiral of silk covered in sticky droplets. Orb webs are also produced by members of other spider families. The long-jawed orb weavers (Tetragnathidae) were formerly included in the Araneidae; they are closely related, being part of the superfamily Araneo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leviellus Caspicus
''Leviellus'', synonym ''Stroemiellus'', is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 2004. Species it contains six species across Europe and Asia: *'' Leviellus caspicus'' (Simon, 1889) – Central Asia, Iran *'' Leviellus inconveniens'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – Lebanon, Israel *''Leviellus kochi'' (Thorell, 1870) – Southern Europe, North Africa, Central Asia *'' Leviellus poriensis'' (Levy, 1987) – Israel *''Leviellus stroemi ''Leviellus'', Synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Stroemiellus'', is a genus of Araneidae, orb-weaver spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 2004. Species it contains six species across Europe and Asia: *''Leviellus caspicus'' (Eugène Simon, S ...'' (Thorell, 1870) – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Korea *'' Leviellus thorelli'' ( Ausserer, 1871) – France, Central, Southern and South-Eastern Europe References Araneidae Araneomorphae genera Spiders of Asia {{Araneidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugène Simon
Eugène Louis Simon (; 30 April 1848 – 17 November 1924) was a French naturalist who worked particularly on insects and spiders, but also on birds and plants. He is by far the most prolific spider taxonomist in history, describing over 4,000 species. Work on spiders His most significant work was ''Histoire Naturelle des Araignées'' (1892–1903), an encyclopedic treatment of the spider genera of the world. It was published in two volumes of more than 1000 pages each, and the same number of drawings by Simon. Working at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, it took Simon 11 years to complete, while working at the same time on devising a taxonomic scheme that embraced the known taxa. Simon described a total of 4,650 species, and as of 2013 about 3,790 species are still considered valid. The International Society of Arachnology offers a Simon Award recognising lifetime achievement. The Eocene fossil spider species '' Cenotextricella simoni'' was named in his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leviellus Inconveniens
''Leviellus'', synonym ''Stroemiellus'', is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 2004. Species it contains six species across Europe and Asia: *''Leviellus caspicus'' (Simon, 1889) – Central Asia, Iran *'' Leviellus inconveniens'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – Lebanon, Israel *''Leviellus kochi'' (Thorell, 1870) – Southern Europe, North Africa, Central Asia *'' Leviellus poriensis'' (Levy, 1987) – Israel *''Leviellus stroemi ''Leviellus'', Synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Stroemiellus'', is a genus of Araneidae, orb-weaver spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 2004. Species it contains six species across Europe and Asia: *''Leviellus caspicus'' (Eugène Simon, S ...'' (Thorell, 1870) – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Korea *'' Leviellus thorelli'' ( Ausserer, 1871) – France, Central, Southern and South-Eastern Europe References Araneidae Araneomorphae genera Spiders of Asia {{Araneidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Octavius Pickard-Cambridge
Octavius Pickard-Cambridge Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (3 November 1828 – 9 March 1917) was an England, English clergyman and zoologist. He was a keen arachnologist who described and named more than 900 species of spider. Life and work Pickard-Cambridge was born in Bloxworth rectory, Dorset, the fifth son of Rev. George Pickard, rector and squire of Bloxworth: the family changed its name to Pickard-Cambridge in 1848 after receiving the property left behind by a relative, Charles Owen Cambridge, of Whitminster House in Gloucestershire. Octavius was tutored at home by the poet William Barnes, after failing to receive admission to Winchester College. He also learned to play the violin from Sidney Smith. He then studied law in London before theology at the Durham University, University of Durham. He was very active and made many friends in this period. He served as steward at steeplechases and presided over the college choral society. In 1857 he presented the Pickard-Camb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leviellus Poriensis
''Leviellus'', synonym ''Stroemiellus'', is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 2004. Species it contains six species across Europe and Asia: *''Leviellus caspicus'' (Simon, 1889) – Central Asia, Iran *''Leviellus inconveniens'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – Lebanon, Israel *''Leviellus kochi'' (Thorell, 1870) – Southern Europe, North Africa, Central Asia *'' Leviellus poriensis'' (Levy, 1987) – Israel *''Leviellus stroemi ''Leviellus'', Synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Stroemiellus'', is a genus of Araneidae, orb-weaver spiders first described by J. Wunderlich in 2004. Species it contains six species across Europe and Asia: *''Leviellus caspicus'' (Eugène Simon, S ...'' (Thorell, 1870) – Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Korea *'' Leviellus thorelli'' ( Ausserer, 1871) – France, Central, Southern and South-Eastern Europe References Araneidae Araneomorphae genera Spiders of Asia {{Araneidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
