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Letter Of Seventeen
The "Letter of Seventeen" () was a wildly unpopular open letter to the exiled Crimean Tatar community in published in Lenin Bayrağı in March 1968 condemning desire for right of return among other Crimean Tatars. It was often dubbed "the letter of seventeen traitors." Contents In the middle, it claimed the September 1967 "rehabilitation" decree "radically solved their national question"; however, in reality, the widely despised decree, which initially confused some Crimean Tatars into thinking they were allowed to return to Crimea, only for them to be deported again, merely labeled Crimean Tatars as rehabilitated on paper without right to reparations or return and in addition to normalizing use of the despised terminology of "citizens of Tatar nationality who formerly lived in the Crimea" instead of the proper ethnonym of "Crimean Tatar". At the end, it painted return to Crimea as a romantic desire that one should suppress for the greater good and was subsequently co-signed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Letter
An open letter is a Letter (message), letter that is intended to be read by a wide audience, or a letter intended for an individual, but that is nonetheless widely distributed intentionally. Open letters usually take the form of a letter (message), letter addressed to an individual but provided to the public through newspapers and other media, such as a letter to the editor or blog. Especially common are critical open letters addressed to political leaders. Letters patent are another form of open letter in which a legal document is both mailed to a person by the government and publicized so that all are made aware of it. Open letters can also be addressed directly to a group rather than any individual. Two of the most famous and influential open letters are ''J'accuse...!'' by Émile Zola to the President of France, accusing the French government of wrongfully convicting Alfred Dreyfus for alleged espionage, and Martin Luther King Jr.'s ''Letter from Birmingham Jail'', inclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimean Tatars
, flag = Flag of the Crimean Tatar people.svg , flag_caption = Flag of Crimean Tatars , image = Love, Peace, Traditions.jpg , caption = Crimean Tatars in traditional clothing in front of the Khan's Palace , poptime = , popplace = , region1 = , pop1 = 3,500,000 6,000,000 , ref1 = , region2 = * , pop2 = 248,193 , ref2 = , region3 = , pop3 = 239,000 , ref3 = , region4 = , pop4 = 24,137 , ref4 = , region5 = , pop5 = 2,449 , ref5 = , region7 = , pop7 = 1,803 , ref7 = , region8 = , pop8 = 1,532 , ref8 = , region9 = *() , pop9 = 7,000(500–1,000) , ref9 = , region10 = Total , pop10 = 4.024.114 (or 6.524.11 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yani Dyunya
''Yani dyunya'' ( crh, Yañı Dünya, Янъы дюнья) is a Crimean Tatar-language weekly newspaper, published in Simferopol on Fridays, with a circulation of around 3.700 copies. The newspaper was founded in Moscow in 1918; its first director was the Turkish Communist Mustafa Suphi. The newspaper was later moved to Simferopol, and in the late 1930s renamed to Къызыл Къырым (''Red Crimea''). It was closed with the deportation of the Crimean Tatars in 1944, and refounded in 1957 in Tashkent Tashkent (, uz, Toshkent, Тошкент/, ) (from russian: Ташкент), or Toshkent (; ), also historically known as Chach is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan. It is the most populous city in Central Asia, with a population of ... with the name crh, Ленин байрагъы / Lenin Bayrağı (''Lenin's flag'') as an organ of the Central Committee of the Uzbek SSR Communist Party. In the seventies it was printed thrice a week with a circulation of 23,00 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ukaz 493
Decree No. 493 "On citizens of Tatar nationality, formerly living in the Crimea" () was issued by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet on 5 September 1967 proclaming that "Citizens of Tatar nationality formerly living in the Crimea" icwere officially legally rehabilitated and had "taken root" in places of residence. For many years the government claimed that the decree "settled" the "Tatar problem", despite the fact that it did not restore the rights of Crimean Tatars and formally made clear that they were no longer recognized as a distinct ethnic group. History While other deported peoples such as the Chechens, Ingush, Kalmyks, Karachays, and Balkars had long since been permitted to return to their native lands and their republics were restored in addition to other forms of political rehabilitation as recognized peoples, the very same decree of 24 November 1956 “On the restoration of national autonomies of the Kalmyk, Karachay, Chechen and Ingush peoples” («О восстан ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethnonym
An ethnonym () is a name applied to a given ethnic group. Ethnonyms can be divided into two categories: exonyms (whose name of the ethnic group has been created by another group of people) and autonyms, or endonyms (whose name is created and used by the ethnic group itself). As an example, the largest ethnic group in Germany is Germans. The ethnonym ''Germans'' is a Latin-derived exonym used in the English language. Conversely, the Germans call themselves the , an endonym. The German people are identified by a variety of exonyms across Europe, such as (French language, French), (Italian language, Italian), (Swedish language, Swedish) and (Polish language, Polish). As a sub-field of anthroponymy, the study of ethnonyms is called ethnonymy or ethnonymics. Ethnonyms should not be confused with demonyms, distinctive terms that designate all people related to a specific territory, regardless of any ethnic, religious, linguistic or some other distinctions that may exist within the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri Osmanov
Yuri Bekirovich Osmanov ( crh , Yuriy Bekir oğlu Osmanov, ; 1 April 1941, Büyük Qaralez, Bakhchysarai district, Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, RSFSR, USSR — 7 November 1993, Simferopol, Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine) was a scientist, engineer, Marxist-Leninist, and Crimean Tatar civil rights activist. He was one of the co-founders of the National Movement of Crimean Tatars, which sought full right of return of the Crimean Tatar people to their homeland and restoration of the Crimean ASSR. Early life Osmanov was born on 1 April 1941 in Büyük Qaralez, Crimea. His father Bekir Osmanov was an agronomist of Crimean Tatar ethnicity who became a scout for the Soviet partisans during the German occupation of Crimea, during which Yuri was evacuated to Azerbaijan with his mother, a Belorussian. A postwar book about partisans in Crimea falsely stated that his father was a German spy who was shot, but in reality he survived the war and never sided with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimea
Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a population of 2.4 million. The peninsula is almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov. The Isthmus of Perekop connects the peninsula to Kherson Oblast in mainland Ukraine. To the east, the Crimean Bridge, constructed in 2018, spans the Strait of Kerch, linking the peninsula with Krasnodar Krai in Russia. The Arabat Spit, located to the northeast, is a narrow strip of land that separates the Sivash lagoons from the Sea of Azov. Across the Black Sea to the west lies Romania and to the south is Turkey. Crimea (called the Tauric Peninsula until the early modern period) has historically been at the boundary between the classical world and the steppe. Greeks colonized its southern fringe and were absorbed by the Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seit Tairov
Seit Memetovich Tairov (russian: Сеит Меметович Таиров; 25 April 1928 4 October 1989) was the highest-ranking Crimean Tatar politician in Soviet Union after the Sürgün, having risen to prominence as a leader in Akkurgan and then first secretary of the Jizzakh regional committee of the Communist Party. A controversial figure among Crimean Tatars today, he is remembered for his staunch opposition to full right of return to Crimea. As a public supporter of "taking root" in Uzbekistan, he was one of the top signatories of the notorious " Letter of Seventeen" in March 1968 that downplayed Crimean Tatar struggles and discrimination in exile and urged Crimean Tatars to avoid "succumbing" to desires to return to Crimea. Early life Tairov was born on 25 April 1928 in Urkusta to a Crimean Tatar family. His father died young, leaving his mother Zera a widow. In 1937 he left his hometown to attend a boarding school in Simferopol. Like the rest of Crimean Tatar families i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mustafo Chachi
Mustafa Seydulayevich Chachi (russian: Мустафа Сейдулаевич Чачи; 25 May 1935 – 15 February 1970) was the director of the 5th division of the "Five-Year Plan of the Uzbek SSR" sovkhoz in Oqqoʻrgʻon District of Tashkent region, Uzbek SSR, and an innovator of organizing productive labor and implementing new methods. He was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor in 1966 and was one of the signatories of the notorious letter of seventeen telling other Crimean Tatars to give up dreams of returning to Crimea. Biography He was born on 25 May 1935 in the village of Körbekül (renamed Izobilne in 1945) in the Crimean ASSR to a Crimean Tatar family. In 1944, he was deported from Crimea to the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in 1944 as part of a campaign of ethnic cleansing. Upon arriving in Tashkent Region, only Mustafa was able to work (his parents were elderly, his elder sister was disabled, his brother and sister were still young), so he star ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Memet Molochnikov
Memet Bilyalovich Molochnikov (russian: Мемет Билялович Молочников; 30 December 1912 — 19 January 2003) was a Crimean Tatar commissar, Communist Party member, partisan, and military lawyer. World War II activities He was drafted into the Red Army in 1941 and originally worked in the military tribunal of the 48th Cavalry Division. After the division became surrounded during a Nazi military offensive he switched to working in the partisan military tribunal system. From 10 October 1942 to 5 January 1943 he was the secretary of the Military Tribunal of the Crimean Partisan Detachments in Qarasubazar. The tribunal handled a wide range of types of cases. After the Crimean Partisan groups were reorganized, he served as a partisan, commanding a sabotage group. While functioning as a partisan in Crimea, he personally participated in military combat operations, personally killing two Nazis as well as helping destroy vehicles. Personal life He was born to a Crimea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mubarek Zone
The Mubarek zone (, crh, Mubarek zonası) was a failed proposal by the government of the Soviet Union promoted by the KGB throughout the 1970s and 80's to push exiled Crimean Tatars (referred to as "people of Tatar nationality that formerly lived in Crimea" by the government) scattered throughout the Ferghana valley to move to the mostly unindustrialized Mubarek district of the Qashqadaryo Region with the goal of having them help industrialize the area, "take root" in Uzbekistan to put to rest desires to return to Crimea, and compose a new Tatar district in lieu of the Crimean Tatar community's long-sought goal of full right of return to Crimea and restoration of the Crimean ASSR. Few Crimean Tatars supported it or ever moved to the proposed district, seeing it as a plan to further assimilate them in Uzbekistan, turn them into "Mubarek Tatars", keep them out of Crimea, prevent restoration of the Crimean ASSR, and artificially recreate the "promised land" so far away. It was eventu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of The Crimean Tatars
Politics (from , ) is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. It may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and nonviolent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but also often carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or limitedly, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external force, including w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
