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Lekos
Lekos (Lek, Lekas, Lekan) - the legendary ancestor-eponym of "Lek" tribe of the North Caucasus. In Georgian sources, the fifth son (or offspring) of Togarmah. Ancient History According to Leonti Mroveli: "Gave to Lekan territories from the Sea of Daruband to the river Lomek, to the north up to the great river of Khazareti". In all likelihood, Lekos was the first king on the territory of Dagestan. Historical background In the Georgian sources ethnonym "Leki" is usually used to refer to all the peoples of Daghestan. There can be several historical backgrounds given. Geographically Georgians are close to the Tsakhurs and Avars, who are "Leki" for Georgians in the first place. History of Dagestan is closely connected with Kazi-Kumukh. Shamkhals of Lakia and the kings of Georgia had centuries-long history of relations that could be reflected in the name the Georgians give to Dagestanis. In the history of Georgia 18th century is called "Leki-anoba" (i.e. the invasion of Daghestani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Togarmah
Togarmah (Hebrew: ''Tōgarmā'') is a figure in the "table of nations" in Genesis 10, the list of descendants of Noah that represents the peoples known to the ancient Hebrews. Togarmah is among the descendants of Japheth and is thought to represent some people located in Anatolia. Medieval sources claimed that Togarmah was the legendary ancestor of several peoples of the Caucasus (including Armenians and Georgians) as well as several Turkic peoples. Biblical attestations and historical geography Togarmah is listed in as the third son of Gomer, and grandson of Japheth, brother of Ashkenaz and Riphath. The name is again mentioned in the Book of Ezekiel as a nation from the "far north". mentions Togarmah together with Tubal as supplying soldiers to the army of Gog. mentions Togarmah together with Tubal, Javan and Meshech as supplying horses to the Tyrians. Most scholars identify Togarmah with the capital city called Tegarama by the Hittites and Til-Garimmu by the Ass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eponym
An eponym is a person, a place, or a thing after whom or which someone or something is, or is believed to be, named. The adjectives which are derived from the word eponym include ''eponymous'' and ''eponymic''. Usage of the word The term ''eponym'' functions in multiple related ways, all based on an explicit relationship between two named things. A person, place, or thing named after a particular person share an eponymous relationship. In this way, Elizabeth I of England is the eponym of the Elizabethan era. When Henry Ford is referred to as "the ''eponymous'' founder of the Ford Motor Company", his surname "Ford" serves as the eponym. The term also refers to the title character of a fictional work (such as Rocky Balboa of the ''Rocky'' film series), as well as to ''self-titled'' works named after their creators (such as the album ''The Doors'' by the band the Doors). Walt Disney created the eponymous Walt Disney Company, with his name similarly extended to theme parks such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonti Mroveli
Leonti Mroveli ( ka, ლეონტი მროველი) was the 11th-century Georgian chronicler, presumably an ecclesiastic. ''Mroveli'' is not his last name, but the adjective for the diocese of Ruisi, whose bishop he probably was. Rayfield, Donald (2000), '' The Literature of Georgia: A History'', pp. 59, 63. Routledge, . Hence, another modern English transliteration of his name is Leontius of Ruisi.Rapp, Stephen H. (2003), ''Studies In Medieval Georgian Historiography: Early Texts And Eurasian Contexts'', pp. 156-163. Peeters Publishers, Apart from late annotations to the manuscripts of ''The Georgian Chronicles'', an archbishop of Ruisi named Leonti is mentioned only thrice: once in an 11th-century manuscript from Mount Athos; once in Euthymius of Athos’s translation of Chrysostom’s commentary to St. Matthew; and, most specifically, on a 1066 inscription from the Trekhvi caves in central Georgia. Assumptions that Leonti Mroveli belonged to the eighth or early ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collection Of The Materials For Description Of Places And Tribes Of The Caucasus
Collection of the Materials for Description of Places and Tribes of the Caucasus ( or shortly СМОМПК) was an Orientalist journal that was published by the Office of the Caucasian Educational District in Tbilisi from 1881 to 1926. Since 1881, the trustee of the Caucasian educational district Kirill Yanovsky (1822-1902) was in charge of the publication. The journal contained extensive material for the history, archeology, linguistics and ethnography of the Caucasus, essays on their history. Of great scientific interest are dictionaries and texts of the Caucasian peoples, legends about Narts, Great Russian and foreign songs, articles and materials about the life and customs of Armenians, Georgians, Azerbaijanis, Ossetians, Mountain Jews, Svans, Udis and other Caucasian peoples. The multi-volume work contains information about everyday life, writing, way of life, customs, folklore and much more that was collected by researchers after the final conquest of the Caucasus. The p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dagestan
Dagestan ( ; rus, Дагеста́н, , dəɡʲɪˈstan, links=yes), officially the Republic of Dagestan (russian: Респу́блика Дагеста́н, Respúblika Dagestán, links=no), is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea. It is located north of the Greater Caucasus, and is a part of the North Caucasian Federal District. The republic is the southernmost tip of Russia, sharing land borders with the countries of Azerbaijan and Georgia to the south and southwest, the Russian republics of Chechnya and Kalmykia to the west and north, and with Stavropol Krai to the northwest. Makhachkala is the republic's capital and largest city; other major cities are Derbent, Kizlyar, Izberbash, Kaspiysk and Buynaksk. Dagestan covers an area of , with a population of over 3.1 million, consisting of over 30 ethnic groups and 81 nationalities. With 14 official languages, and 12 ethnic groups each constituting more than ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kumukh
Kumukh (russian: Кумух; lbe, Гъумук) aka Gazi Kumukh is a village and the administrative center of Laksky District in Dagestan. It is located on the banks of the Kazikumukh Koysu, a branch of the Sulak River. Etymology Laks use the name "Lak" or "Lakral kanu" (the Lak place) to refer to Kumukh. The naming of the surrounding villages as "Lakral sharhurdu" meant that they belong to Lak. In all probability, in ancient times Laks lived in the small village of Lak. The toponym "Lak" was adopted only in the Lak language. In the understanding of Laks, Kumukh was a fortress of Lak city and then in the general sense became the capital of the Lak principality. Historical literature mentioned Kumukh in a variety of pronunciations. Al-Masudi in the 10th century mentioned "Gumik" as a city or a principality. Al-Kufi in the 10th century mentioned fortress "'Amik" which is taken as "Gumik ". Ibn Rushd in the 10th century named Kumukh as a fortress "Alal and Gumik". The prefix "Al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lakia (Dagestan)
Lakia, Lakistan ( Lak: ''Lak'', ''Lakral kanu'', ''Lakku bilayat'', ''Lakkuy'') is the name of the ethnic territory of the Laks in Dagestan in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. Kumukh is the main historical, cultural, spiritual and political center of Lakia that consists of Lakskiy and Kulinskiy districts. Territory Geographical location Lakia is bordered to the north and west by Avaria, to the east by Dargo (occasionally called Darginstan or Darganstan), and to the south by Agul and Rutul. On the other side of the Caucasus lie Georgia and Azerbaijan (including the historical kingdom of the Tsakhurs). Lakia represents itself as a triangle with slightly rounded sides, facing its apex to the north and the base to the south. The apex of this triangle is the gorge of Tsudakhar. The sides of this triangle are the so-called cross-ridges of the Caucasian mountains. The east side includes the Karinsko-Kundi mountains, Ali mountain, Shunudag, and Kulinsko-Khosrekh ridge. Western s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lak People (Dagestan)
The Laks (self-designation: Lak) are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group native to an inland region known as ''Lakia'' within Dagestan in the North Caucasus. They speak the Lak language. Laks historically live in the Lakskiy and Kulinskiy districts of Dagestan. This ethnocultural area is known as Lakia. There are about 200,000 ethnic Laks in the world. Ethnonym The word "Lak" is the self-designation of the Lak people as in Lak expressions: "zhu Lak buru" — we are Lak; "zhu Lakral khalq buru" — we are Lak people; "Laktal" — Laks; "Lakssa" — Lakian, Laks, Lak man; "Lakkuchu" — Lakian man; "Lakku maz" — Lakian language; "Lakkuy" — Lakia; "Lakral kanu" — Lak place; "Lakral kanu" — Lak district; "Lakku bilayat" — Lak country; "Lakral pachchahlug" — Lak state. Laks use the name "Lak" as their ethnonym and placename. P. K. Uslar (1864) reported on the use of self-designation "Lak" by residents of Gazi-Kumukh: "Lakkuchu, Lakkuchunal, nominative plural Lak, genit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dargins
Dargins or Dargwa (, ''darganti'') are a Northeast Caucasian native ethnic group originating in the North Caucasus, and who make up the second largest ethnic group in the North Caucasian republic of Dagestan. They speak the Dargwa language. The ethnic group comprises, however, all speakers of the Dargin languages; Dargwa is simply the standard variety. According to the 2002 Census, Dargins make up 16.5% of the population of Dagestan, with 425,526 people. They are concentrated in the Kaytagsky District, Dakhadayevsky District, Levashinsky District, Akushinsky District and Sergokalinsky Districts. The Dargins have lived in their present-day location for many centuries. They formed the state of Kaitag in the Middle Ages and Renaissance until Russian conquest. Today, the Dargins are one of the most numerous ethnic groups in Dagestan (an amalgamation of many of the historical peoples in the region), the second most numerous after Avars. Origin Regarding the origin of Northeast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caucasian Avars
The Avars, also known as ''Maharuls'' ( Avar: , , "mountaineers") are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group. The Avars are the largest of several ethnic groups living in the Russian republic of Dagestan. The Avars reside in the North Caucasus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Alongside other ethnic groups in the North Caucasus region, the Avars live in ancient villages located approximately 2,000 m above sea level. The Avar language spoken by the Caucasian Avars belongs to the family of Northeast Caucasian languages. Sunni Islam has been the prevailing religion of the Avars since the 13th century. Ethnonyms According to 19th-century Russian historians, the Avars' neighbors usually referred to them as Tavlins (''tavlintsy''). This is an exonym. Vasily Potto wrote that those to the south usually knew them as Tavlins (''tavlintsy''). Potto wrote, "The words in different languages have the same meaning... fmountain dwellers rhighlanders."''В. А. Потто.'Кавка ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lezgins
Lezgins or Leks ( lez, Лезгияр, Лекьер. lezgijar) are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group native predominantly to southern Dagestan, a republic of Russia, and northeastern Azerbaijan. The Lezgin are predominantly Sunni Muslims and speak the Lezgi language. The land of the Lezgins has been subject to multiple invaders throughout history. Its isolated terrain and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Lezgins has contributed much to the Lezgin community ethos and helped shape its national character. Due to constant attacks from the invaders, the Lezgins have developed a national code, ''Lezgiwal''. Lezgin society has traditionally been egalitarian and organized around many autonomous local clans, called ''syhils'' (сихилар). Notable historical Lezgin leaders include Hadji-Dawud (1680 – 1735) and Sheikh Muhammad (1771–1838). Etymology There is a strong theme of representing the nation with its national animal, the eagle, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kumyks
, image = Abdul-Wahab son of Mustafa — a prominent Kumyk architect of the 19th century. , population = near 600,000 , region1 = , pop1 = 503,060 , ref1 = , region2 = , pop2 = 10,000 , ref2 = , region3 = , pop3 = 718 , ref3 = , langs = Kumyk language , region4 = , pop4 = 1200 , ref4 = , region5 = , pop5 = 481 , ref5 = , region6 = , pop6 = 360 , ref6 = , region7 = , pop7 = 33 , ref7 = [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
