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Lecanographaceae
''Lecanographaceae'' is a family of mostly lichens (also some lichenicolous fungi) in the order Arthoniales. The family was circumscribed in 2014, prompted by a molecular phylogenetic-based restructuring of the Arthoniales. Description Lecanographaceae species have a crustose thallus, and lack a cortex. Their photobiont partners are a green algae in the family Trentepohliaceae. The ascomata are narrow and furrowed (lirelliform) to rounded, and there is no margin around the thallus. The hymenial disc is often exposed, and is often pruinose. The excipulum (a layer of sterile tissue that contains the hymenium) is conspicuous, dark brown, usually closed, without a thalline margin. Interascal filaments are branched or anastomosed. The asci (spore-bearing cells) are cylindrical to club shaped. The ascospores are hyaline, spindle shaped (fusiform), and feature distosepta–thin septa The Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) is a regional public transportation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthoniales
The Arthoniales is the second largest order of mainly crustose lichens, but fruticose lichens are present as well. The order contains around 1500 species, while the largest order with lichenized fungi, the Lecanorales, contains more than 14000 species. Classification The Arthoniales is one of two orders of the class Arthoniomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. The order includes seven families ( Andreiomycetacae, Arthoniaceae, Chrysotrichaceae, Lecanographaceae, Opegraphaceae, Roccellaceae and Roccellographaceae). Lecanographaceae, Roccellographaceae, Opegraphaceae and Roccellaceae are well-supported families within Arthoniales, and they were circumscribed in 2011. Andreiomycetaceae was described as a new family by Hodkinson and Lendemer in 2013. The Arthoniales is the sister group to Dothideomycetes. Figure 1. Cladogram of the Arthoniales, rooted with ''Curvularia brachyspora'', ''Cudonia circinans'' and ''Seynesia erumpens'' as the outgroup. The cladogram shows the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lecanographa
''Lecanographa'' is a genus of about 40 species of lichens in the family Lecanographaceae. It was circumscribed in 1994 by José M. Egea and Pilar Torrente, with ''Lecanographa lyncea'' as the type species. Species *'' Lecanographa abscondita'' *''Lecanographa amylacea ''Lecanographa amylacea'' is a species of lichen belonging to the family Roccellaceae The Roccellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Arthoniomycetes. Most taxa are lichenized with green algae, although some are lichenicolous, growing on ...'' *'' Lecanographa atropunctata'' – Southeast Asia *'' Lecanographa azurea'' – Chile *'' Lecanographa brattiae'' *'' Lecanographa dialeuca'' *'' Lecanographa elegans'' *'' Lecanographa imitans'' – South America *'' Lecanographa insolita'' – North America *'' Lecanographa lyncea'' *'' Lecanographa martii'' *'' Lecanographa microcarpella'' *'' Lecanographa nothofagi'' *'' Lecanographa rinodinae'' *'' Lecanographa rosea'' – Angola *'' Lecanograp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plectocarpon
''Plectocarpon'' is a genus of lichens in the family Lecanographaceae. Species *'' Plectocarpon aequatoriale'' *'' Plectocarpon bunodophori'' *'' Plectocarpon concentricum'' *'' Plectocarpon coppinsii'' *'' Plectocarpon cristalliferum'' *'' Plectocarpon diedertzianum'' *'' Plectocarpon dimorphosporum'' *'' Plectocarpon dirinariae'' *'' Plectocarpon galapagoense'' *'' Plectocarpon gallowayi'' *'' Plectocarpon gayanum'' *'' Plectocarpon hypogymniae'' *''Plectocarpon latisporum'' *'' Plectocarpon leuckertii'' *'' Plectocarpon lichenum'' *'' Plectocarpon melanohaleae'' *''Plectocarpon obtectum'' *''Plectocarpon opegraphoideum'' *''Plectocarpon parmeliarum'' *''Plectocarpon parmotrematis'' *''Plectocarpon peltigerae'' *''Plectocarpon pseudoleuckertii'' *''Plectocarpon ramalinae'' *''Plectocarpon scrobiculatae'' *'' Plectocarpon serusiauxii'' *''Plectocarpon stereocaulicola ''Plectocarpon'' is a genus of lichens in the family Lecanographaceae. Species *'' Pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heterocyphelium
''Heterocyphelium'' is a lichen genus in the family Lecanographaceae. It was circumscribed by Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Vainio in 1927, with '' H. leucampyx'' assigned as the type species. The genus remained monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispec ... until a new species, '' H. triseptatum'', was described in 2017 from collections made in Brazil. References Arthoniomycetes Arthoniomycetes genera Taxa described in 1927 Taxa named by Edvard August Vainio {{Arthoniomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alyxoria
''Alyxoria'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Lecanographaceae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution In biogeography, cosmopolitan distribution is the term for the range of a taxon that extends across all or most of the world in appropriate habitats. Such a taxon, usually a species, is said to exhibit cosmopolitanism or cosmopolitism. The ext .... Species *'' Alyxoria apomelaena'' *'' Alyxoria bicolor'' *'' Alyxoria culmigena'' *'' Alyxoria cyanea'' – Brazil *'' Alyxoria diaphora'' *'' Alyxoria fuscospora'' – Brazil *'' Alyxoria lichenoides'' *'' Alyxoria lutulenta'' *'' Alyxoria mougeotii'' *'' Alyxoria notha'' *'' Alyxoria ochrocheila'' *'' Alyxoria ochrocincta'' *'' Alyxoria sierramadrensis'' – Mexico *'' Alyxoria subelevata'' *'' Alyxoria subrimalis'' *'' Alyxoria varia'' *'' Alyxoria variiformis'' *'' Alyxoria viridipruinosa'' *'' Alyxoria wainioi'' *'' Alyxoria xerica'' References Arthoniomycetes Lichen genera Art ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zwackhia
''Zwackhia'' is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Lecanographaceae. It has six species. The genus was circumscribed in 1855 by German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber. He assigned ''Zwackhia involuta'' as the type species; this species is now known as '' Z. viridis''. The genus name of ''Zwackhia'' is in honour of Philipp Franz Wilhelm von Zwackh-Holzhausen (1826–1903), who was a German botanist (Lichenology and Mycology). He was also a Military Officer as well as being a landowner near Heidelberg. He was financially independent and owned large Herbarium. Species As accepted by Species Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of Mi ...; *'' Zwackhia bonplandii'' *'' Zwackhia circumducta'' *'' Zwackhia prosodea'' *'' Zwackhia robusta'' *'' Zwackhia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lecanographa Dialeuca
''Lecanographa dialeuca'' is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It is found in Cape Verde and Europe. Taxonomy It was first described by Scottish James Stirton in 1874, with the name ''Opegrapha undulata''. The type specimen was collected from Cape Verde, as part of the ''Challenger'' expedition of 1872–1876. James Mascall Morrison Crombie mentioned the species in an 1877 publication in which he revised and added his own notes about the lichens collected by Stirton. Crombie noted that the species was the same as one that he had named ''Opegrapha dialeuca''. It was later discovered that the name ''Opegrapha undulata'' had already been used by François Fulgis Chevallier in 1824, and consequently, Stirton's use of the name was invalid. Because Crombie had noted synonymy with his ''Opegrapha dialeuca'', that species epithet replaced the unavailable epithet ''undulata''. José María Egea Fernández and Pilar Torrente transferred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascus
An ascus (; ) is the sexual spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi. Each ascus usually contains eight ascospores (or octad), produced by meiosis followed, in most species, by a mitotic cell division. However, asci in some genera or species can occur in numbers of one (e.g. ''Monosporascus cannonballus''), two, four, or multiples of four. In a few cases, the ascospores can bud off conidia that may fill the asci (e.g. ''Tympanis'') with hundreds of conidia, or the ascospores may fragment, e.g. some ''Cordyceps'', also filling the asci with smaller cells. Ascospores are nonmotile, usually single celled, but not infrequently may be coenocytic (lacking a septum), and in some cases coenocytic in multiple planes. Mitotic divisions within the developing spores populate each resulting cell in septate ascospores with nuclei. The term ocular chamber, or oculus, refers to the epiplasm (the portion of cytoplasm not used in ascospore formation) that is surrounded by the "bourrelet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascomycota Families
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defining feature of this fungal group is the " ascus" (), a microscopic sexual structure in which nonmotile spores, called ascospores, are formed. However, some species of the Ascomycota are asexual, meaning that they do not have a sexual cycle and thus do not form asci or ascospores. Familiar examples of sac fungi include morels, truffles, brewers' and bakers' yeast, dead man's fingers, and cup fungi. The fungal symbionts in the majority of lichens (loosely termed "ascolichens") such as ''Cladonia'' belong to the Ascomycota. Ascomycota is a monophyletic group (it contains all descendants of one common ancestor). Previously placed in the Deuteromycota along with asexual species from other fungal taxa, asexual (or anamorphic) ascom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthoniomycetes
Arthoniomycetes are a class of ascomycete fungi. It includes two orders: Arthoniales and Lichenostigmatales. Most of the taxa in these orders are tropical and subtropical lichens. Systematics Phylogenetic analysis supports the monophyly of this class. Dothideomycetes is a sister group. Characteristics Taxa have apothecia, cup- or saucer- shaped ascoma in which the hymenium The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores. In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in others some ... is exposed at maturity. These apothecia are bitunicate - with clearly differentiated inner and outer walls. References Fungus classes Lichen classes Taxa described in 1997 {{Arthoniomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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