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Lalla (title)
Lalla (in the Berber language: ''Lalla'', ''Řalla'' or ''Řadja'') is a Arab language, Arab word and title meaning "Lady", "My lady", "Miss." or "Mrs.". The honorific title ''Lalla'' is used all over the countries of North Africa, mainly Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, Mauritania, and Libya, to politely address or mention any woman. In Morocco, if the respected or adult woman is known to the person, he or she would address her using the title ''Lalla'' before using her personal name or family name. In Mauritania, ''Lalla'' is often used on its own as a given name for women. It is sometimes also used with another noun to form a compound given name, such as in the names of Lalla-Aicha and Lalla-Meryem. The title ''Lalla'' has always been in standard use by the many royal families of Morocco and Kingdom of Tunisia, Tunisia as a title for each and every princess and king's wife. It is also used as a fixed honorary title in combination with the woman's personal name as a sign of disti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess Lalla Salma
''Lalla'' Salma (born Salma Bennani, ar, سلمى بناني, 10 May 1978) is the princess consort of Morocco. She is married to King Mohammed VI, and the first wife of a Moroccan ruler to have been publicly acknowledged and given a royal title. Since she has not been seen in an official capacity since December 2017, there have been speculations in the media that the couple are divorced. Early life and education She was born as Salma Bennani in Fez, although some sources cite Marrakech as her place of birth. Her father is Hadj Abdelhamid Bennani, a university teacher who taught at l'École normale supérieure de Fès and her mother is Naïma Bensouda, who died in 1981, when Salma was three years old. From then on she and her sister Meryem were raised by her maternal grandmother, Hajja Fatma Abdellaoui Maâne. She lived in Rabat, with her half cousin Saira, and the two are commonly seen together in public. She was educated in Rabat, where she attended a private school, Lycée ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Colonial Empire
The French colonial empire () comprised the overseas colonies, protectorates and mandate territories that came under French rule from the 16th century onward. A distinction is generally made between the "First French Colonial Empire", that existed until 1814, by which time most of it had been lost or sold, and the "Second French Colonial Empire", which began with the conquest of Algiers in 1830. At its apex between the two world wars, the second French colonial empire was the second-largest colonial empire in the world behind the British Empire. France began to establish colonies in North America, the Caribbean and India in the 17th century but lost most of its possessions following its defeat in the Seven Years' War. The North American possessions were lost to Britain and Spain but the latter returned Louisiana (New France) to France in 1800. The territory was then sold to the United States in 1803. France rebuilt a new empire mostly after 1850, concentrating chiefly in Afri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad III As-Sadiq
Muhammad III as-Sadiq ( ar, محمد الثالث الصادق; 7 February 1813 – 27 October 1882) commonly known as Sadok Bey ( ar, الصادق باي), was the Husainid Bey of Tunis from 1859 until his death. Invested as Bey al-Mahalla (Heir Apparent) on 10 June 1855, he succeeded his brother Muhammad II ibn al-Husayn on 23 September 1859. Named as divisional General in the Imperial Ottoman Army on 10 June 1855, he was promoted to the rank of Marshal on 10 December 1859. Reign In July 1860, the Bey was persuaded by the British consul, Richard Wood, to allow a British subject named Holt to set up the first official printing press, as well as the first Arabic-language newspaper in the country, the '' ar-Ra'id at-Tūnisi''. A telegraph concession was established, with a French interest taking it up in 1859. On 23 April 1861 he promulgated the first written constitution in the Arab world, separating executive, legislative and judiciary powers, through a new Supreme Council, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lella Kmar
Lella Kmar (1862 – 31 December 1942) was the queen consort of Tunisia during three reigns, after having successively married three beys of Tunisia: Muhammad III Sadiq, Ali III and Muhammad V Nasir, and despite this, she did not have children. Early life (1862–1875) The Ottoman custom was to allocate a wing for female servants, concubines, or captives bought from slave markets, or captured in wars and invasions, or to presented as gifts. This is what happened with Lella Kmar of the Circassian origin who was born in the Ottoman Imperial Harem in 1862 and was given by the Ottoman Sultan, Abdul Hamid II to the Bey of Tunis in that period Muhammad III Sadiq and that was around 1875. Coming to Tunisia and first reign (1875–1882) After she came to Tunisia and was placed on the list of female odalisques, she married nearly two years later from Muhammad III Sadiq in 1877 and lived with him for five years in a somewhat parental relationship because he was about 50 years ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saada2
Saada ( ar, صَعْدَة, translit=Ṣaʿda), a city and ancient capital in the northwest of Yemen, is the capital and largest city of the province of the same name, and the county seat of the county of the same name. The city is located in the mountains of Serat (Sarawat) at an altitude of about 1,800 meters and had an estimated population of 51,870 in 2004, when it was the tenth largest city in Yemen. As early as the reign of the Main Kingdom, the earliest country in the history of Yemen, the area where Saada is located today was included in the national map of Yemen. Sa'da is one of the earliest medieval cities in Yemen, the birthplace of the Shiite sect of Islam in Yemen and the base of the regime of the Zeid imam of Yemen. From the beginning of the 9th century to the 20th century, the Rasi dynasty, the longest reigning dynasty in Yemen history (the dynasty's direct line was replaced by the collateral dynasty Qassem dynasty since the end of the 16th century), made its fortun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baba Mohammed Ben-Osman
Baba Mohammed ben-Osman or Muhammad V ben Osman was Dey of the Deylik of Algiers from 1766 to 1791. The adoptive father of Baba Hassan Pacha and the grandfather of Mustapha Pacha. Under his rule he declared war against Denmark-Norway because he demanded that an annual payment to stave off piracy by Denmark-Norway should be increased, and he should receive new gifts. Denmark-Norway refused the demands, beginning the Danish-Algerian War. He also declared war against the United States in 1785 and captured several American ships. The war ended in 1795 when the U.S concluded a treaty with his successor that paid $21,600 annually to Algiers. Early life Not much is known about his early life. According to a French source, he was born, and was raised in a village in Karamania, where he was recruited into the Odjak of Algiers. Beginning in administration and as minister Having learned to read and write, he became khodja (secretary) after having bought his office in the state for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treasurer
A treasurer is the person responsible for running the treasury of an organization. The significant core functions of a corporate treasurer include cash and liquidity management, risk management, and corporate finance. Government The treasury of a country is the department responsible for the country's economy, finance and revenue. The treasurer is generally the head of the treasury, although, in some countries (such as the United Kingdom or the United States) the treasury reports to a Secretary of the Treasury or Chancellor of the Exchequer. In Australia, the Treasurer is a senior minister and usually the second or third most important member of the government after the Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Minister. Each Australian state and self-governing territory also has its own treasurer. From 1867 to 1993, Ontario's Minister of Finance was called the Treasurer of Ontario. Originally the word referred to the person in charge of the treasure of a noble; however, it has now m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad VII Al-Munsif
Muhammad VII al-Munsif, ( ar, محمد السابع المنصف; 4 March 1881 in La Manouba – 1 September 1948 in Pau)El Mokhtar Bey, ''De la dynastie husseinite. Le fondateur Hussein Ben Ali. 1705 - 1735 - 1740'', éd. Serviced, Tunis, 1993, p. 70) commonly known as Moncef Bey ( ar, المنصف باي) was the Bey of Tunis between 19 June 1942 and 14 May 1943. He was the penultimate ruler of the Husainid dynasty. Youth As a young man Moncef Bey distinguished himself during the events of April 1922 when he supported the nationalist Destour movement and prevailed on his father Naceur Bey to receive its representatives. He was invested as Bey al-Mahalla on 30 April 1942 and succeeded his first cousin once removed, Ahmed Bey, on the latter's death on 19 June of the same year. Reign Relations with the Vichy regime On 2 July 1942 Moncef Bey was awarded the Grand Cross of the Légion d'honneur by the Vichy regime. Nevertheless, his attitude on the throne was not one which Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad IV Al-Hadi
Muhammad El Hadi Bey ( ar, محمد الهادي باي بن علي), commonly referred to as Hédi Bey (Le Bardo, 24 June 1855 – Carthage, 11 May 1906)Omar Khlifi, ''Moncef Bey, le roi martyr'', éd. MC-Editions, Carthage, 2006, p. 12 was the son of Ali III ibn al-Husayn and the fourteenth Husainid Bey of Tunis, ruling from 1902 until his death. He was named Bey al-Mahalla (Heir Apparent) on 3 December 1898 and succeeded as Bey of Tunis on the day of his predecessor's death, 11 June 1902, at a ceremony in the throne room of the palace in Tunis, in the presence of the French resident. Before the French protectorate of Tunisia the Ottoman sultan had bestowed honorific military ranks on the Bey of Tunis and his Heir Apparent. Hédi Bey did not receive such an honour, but was instead made Divisional General of the Beylical Guard when he became Heir Apparent, and became Marshal on his accession. Elhadi.jpg, Portrait of Muhammad IV al-Hadi Following a dispute in 1904 with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Algerian War Of Independence
The Algerian War, also known as the Algerian Revolution or the Algerian War of Independence,( ar, الثورة الجزائرية '; '' ber, Tagrawla Tadzayrit''; french: Guerre d'Algérie or ') and sometimes in Algeria as the War of 1 November, was fought between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front (french: Front de Libération Nationale – FLN) from 1954 to 1962, which led to Algeria winning its independence from France. An important decolonization war, it was a complex conflict characterized by guerrilla warfare and war crimes. The conflict also became a civil war between the different communities and within the communities. The war took place mainly on the territory of Algeria, with repercussions in metropolitan France. Effectively started by members of the National Liberation Front (FLN) on 1 November 1954, during the ("Red All Saints' Day"), the conflict led to serious political crises in France, causing the fall of the Fourth Republic (1946–58), to b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zoulikha Oudai
Zoulikha Oudai was an Algerian Chenouas woman who died during the Algerian War of Independence. She was born 7 May 1911 in Hadjout, and grew up in Cherchell. She had five children; after her husband and one of her sons were executed by French forces, she became committed to the independence cause and joined the National Liberation Front (Algeria) The National Liberation Front ( ar, جبهة التحرير الوطني ''Jabhatu l-Taḥrīri l-Waṭanī''; french: Front de libération nationale, FLN) is a nationalist political party in Algeria. It was the principal nationalist movement du ... as the Cherchell regional head. She then went underground and became a noted intelligence operative for the Front. She was captured by French forces in 1957 and executed after 10 days of unfruitful torture. Her body was not recovered until 1984; she is now interred in a martyrs' cemetery in Menaceur. References External links {{DEFAULTSORT:Oudai, Zoulikha Algerian revolutionaries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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