Laganidae
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Laganidae
Laganidae is a family of echinoderms belonging to the order Clypeasteroida Sand dollars (also known as a sea cookie or snapper biscuit in New Zealand, or pansy shell in South Africa) are species of flat, burrowing sea urchins belonging to the order Clypeasteroida. Some species within the order, not quite as flat, are k .... Genera Genera: * genus '' Cenofibula'' Gasser, 1994 † -- 1 current species * genus '' Hupea'' Pomel, 1883 -- 1 species * genus '' Jacksonaster'' Lambert, in Lambert & Thiéry, 1914 -- 1 species * genus '' Laganum'' Link, 1807 -- 9 species * sous-famille Neolaganinae Durham, 1954 † ** genus '' Cubanaster'' Sanchez Roig, 1952a † -- 6 species ** genus '' Durhamella'' Kier, 1968a † -- 2 species ** genus '' Neolaganum'' Durham, 1954 † -- 2 species ** genus '' Pentedium'' Kier, 1967b † -- 1 species ** genus '' Sanchezella'' Durham, 1954 † -- 1 species ** genus '' Tetradiella'' Liao & Lin, 1981 † -- 1 species ** genus '' Weisbordella'' Durham, 1 ...
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Clypeasteroida
Sand dollars (also known as a sea cookie or snapper biscuit in New Zealand, or pansy shell in South Africa) are species of flat, burrowing sea urchins belonging to the order Clypeasteroida. Some species within the order, not quite as flat, are known as '' sea biscuits''. Sand dollars can also be called "sand cakes" or "cake urchins". Anatomy Sand dollars are small in size, averaging from three to four inches. As with all members of the order Clypeasteroida, they possess a rigid skeleton called a test. The test consists of calcium carbonate plates arranged in a fivefold symmetric pattern. The test of certain species of sand dollar have slits called lunules that can help the animal stay embedded in the sand to stop it from being swept away by an ocean wave. In living individuals, the test is covered by a skin of velvet-textured spines which are covered with very small hairs (cilia). Coordinated movements of the spines enable sand dollars to move across the seabed. The velvety ...
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Peronella
Peronella is a fairy tale or fable that is considered a traditional English tale. Peronella is a pretty country lass who exchanges places with an old wizened queen, and receives the homage due to royalty Royalty may refer to: * Any individual monarch, such as a king, queen, emperor, empress, etc. * Royal family, the immediate family of a king or queen regnant, and sometimes his or her extended family * Royalty payment for use of such things as int ..., but gladly takes back her rags and beauty.The fairy-book'. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1836. pp. 258-263. References English fairy tales Female characters in fairy tales {{UK-lit-stub ...
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Echinoderms
An echinoderm () is any member of the phylum Echinodermata (). The adults are recognisable by their (usually five-point) radial symmetry, and include starfish, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers, as well as the sea lilies or "stone lilies". Adult echinoderms are found on the sea bed at every ocean depth, from the intertidal zone to the abyssal zone. The phylum contains about 7,000 living species, making it the second-largest grouping of deuterostomes, after the chordates. Echinoderms are the largest entirely marine phylum. The first definitive echinoderms appeared near the start of the Cambrian. The echinoderms are important both ecologically and geologically. Ecologically, there are few other groupings so abundant in the biotic desert of the deep sea, as well as shallower oceans. Most echinoderms are able to reproduce asexually and regenerate tissue, organs, and limbs; in some cases, they can undergo complete regeneration from a single limb. Geolo ...
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