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Kurdistan (newspaper)
''Kurdistan'' was the first Kurdish newspaper. It was first published on April 22, 1898 in Cairo, Egypt by Mikdad Midhad Bedir Khan, a member of the Kürdistan Teali Cemiyeti. In four years, 31 issues were printed in cities as Cairo, Geneva, London and Folkestone. It was an opposition newspaper published in exile (outside the Ottoman Empire) and supported by the Committee of Union and Progress and was published in Constantinople after the Young Turk revolution in 1908. It was often printed at CUP linked print shops which caused the newspaper to move to where ever the CUP had to establish itself anew due to the CUP's persecution by Ottoman ambassadors loyal to Sultan Abdülhamid. In 1914, during World War I, the newspaper returned to Cairo. Its first issues were published solely in Kurmanji, but from the 4th issue some texts in Turkish were also published. The newspaper is described as a nationalist newspaper as it made notions of territorial entity Kurdistan.Ekici, Deniz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdistan Newspaper 1898
Kurdistan ( ku, کوردستان ,Kurdistan ; lit. "land of the Kurds") or Greater Kurdistan is a roughly defined geo-cultural territory in Western Asia wherein the Kurds form a prominent majority population and the Kurdish culture, languages, and national identity have historically been based. Geographically, Kurdistan roughly encompasses the northwestern Zagros and the eastern Taurus mountain ranges. Kurdistan generally comprises the following four regions: southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan), and northern Syria (Western Kurdistan). Some definitions also include parts of southern Transcaucasia. Certain Kurdish nationalist organizations seek to create an independent nation state consisting of some or all of these areas with a Kurdish majority, while others campaign for greater autonomy within the existing national boundaries. Historically, the word "Kurdistan" is first attested in 11th century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdullah Cevdet
Abdullah Cevdet ( ota, عبدالله جودت; tr, Abdullah Cevdet Karlıdağ; 9 September 1869 – 29 November 1932) was a Kurdish intellectual and physician in the Ottoman Empire. He was one of the founders of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) and wrote articles with pen name of "Bir Kürd" ("A Kurd") for the publications such as ''Meşveret'', ''Kurdistan'' and '' Roji Kurd'' about Kurdish awakening and nationalism. In 1908, he joined the Democratic Party which merged with the Freedom and Accord Party in 1911. He was also a translator, radical free-thinker, and an ideologist of the CUP until 1908. Biography The son of a physician, and himself a graduate from the Military College in Istanbul as an ophthalmologist, Cevdet, initially a pious Muslim, was influenced by Western materialistic philosophies and was against institutionalized religion, but thought that "although the Muslim God was of no use in the modern era, Islamic society must preserve Islamic prin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Süreyya Bedir Khan
Süreyya Bedir Khan (1883 in Constantinople – 1938 in Paris) was a Kurdish prince, a descendant of Bedir Khan Beg and a member of the Bedir Khan family. He was an influent supporter of Kurdish independence, a journalist and author of several books. His works are also known under his pen-name Bletch Chirguh. Like other members of the Bedir Khan family, he claimed an ancestry to Khalid Ibn al-Walid, the ''Sword of Islam'' and general and companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Early life and education He was born into the noble Kurdish family of the Bedir Khans, as the son of Emin Ali Bedir Khan Emin Ali Bedir Khan (1851, in Heraklion, Kandiye, Crete – 1926, in Cairo) was a founding member of the Kurd Society for Cooperation and Progress and vice president of the Society for the Elevation of Kurdistan and Kurdish politician. Emin Ali ... and his first wife. His mother died as he was still a child, in 1887. He attended the Galatasaray High School, Galatasaray High sc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emin Ali Bedir Khan
Emin Ali Bedir Khan (1851, in Heraklion, Kandiye, Crete – 1926, in Cairo) was a founding member of the Kurd Society for Cooperation and Progress and vice president of the Society for the Elevation of Kurdistan and Kurdish politician. Emin Ali was the son of Bedir Khan Beg, the last hereditary ruler of the Bohtan, Principality of Bothan and his spouse Rewshen. He attended a state school of the Ottoman Empire and after his graduation, he began a career in the Ottoman bureaucracy. He left Crete at the age of sixteen, and went to Constantinople to receive his formation. He returned to Kandiye in 1873. There, he was employed at the local Ottoman administration. Professional career In the 1880s, he became a judicial inspector and worked in various cities and courts of the Ottoman Empire trying to implement the judicial reforms which had been issued in 1879. In 1888, he was dismissed from his post, and he was apparently without any work until 1894, when he was appointed first to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bedir Khan
Bedir Khan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bedir Khan Beg * Emin Ali Bedir Khan * Bedri Pasha Bedir Khan, Kurdish Ottoman politician * Abdürrezzak Bedir Khan * Leyla Bedir Khan * Celadet Bedir Khan * Kamuran Alî Bedirxan * Süreyya Bedir Khan * Wiam Simav Bedirxan Wiam Simav Bedirxan is a Syrian Kurdish documentary filmmaker from Homs, who co-directed the 2014 film '' Silvered Water, Syria Self-Portrait'' with exiled filmmaker Usama Muhammad. Bedirxan documented the Siege of Homs and sent its footage via th ... * Ahmed Badrakhan {{surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marwanids (Diyar Bakr)
The Marwanids or Dustakids (983/990-1085, ) were a Kurdish Sunni Muslim dynasty in the Diyar Bakr region of Upper Mesopotamia (present day northern Iraq/southeastern Turkey) and Armenia, centered on the city of Amid (Diyarbakır). Territory The Marwanid realm in the Diyar Bakr region of Upper Mesopotamia (present day northern Iraq/southeastern Turkey) and Armenia, centered on the city of Amid (Diyarbakır). They also ruled over Akhlat, Bitlis, Manzikert,Tekin, Rahimi (2000). ''Ahlat tarihi''. Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı. p. 35. . Nisibis, Erciş, Muradiye, Siirt, Cizre, Hasankayf, and temporarily ruled over Mosul and Edessa. History Origins According to most academic sources, the Marwanids were a Kurdish dynasty. The Encyclopaedia of Iran considers them as an Arab dynasty in one article, and refers to them as a Kurdish dynasty in another article. The Marwanids were Sunni Muslims. The founder of the dynasty was a shepherd, Abu Shujā Badh ibn Dustak. He left his cattle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saladin
Yusuf ibn Ayyub ibn Shadi () ( – 4 March 1193), commonly known by the epithet Saladin,, ; ku, سهلاحهدین, ; was the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. Hailing from an ethnic Kurdish family, he was the first of both Egypt and Syria. An important figure of the Third Crusade, he spearheaded the Muslim military effort against the Crusader states in the Levant. At the height of his power, Ayyubid territorial control spanned Egypt, Syria, Upper Mesopotamia, the Hejaz, Yemen, the Maghreb, and Nubia. Alongside his uncle Shirkuh, a military general of the Zengid dynasty, Saladin was sent to Egypt under the Fatimid Caliphate in 1164, on the orders of Nur ad-Din. With their original purpose being to help restore Shawar as the to the teenage Fatimid caliph al-Adid, a power struggle ensued between Shirkuh and Shawar after the latter was reinstated. Saladin, meanwhile, climbed the ranks of the Fatimid government by virtue of his military successes against Crusader assault ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diyarbakır
Diyarbakır (; ; ; ) is the largest Kurdish-majority city in Turkey. It is the administrative center of Diyarbakır Province. Situated around a high plateau by the banks of the Tigris river on which stands the historic Diyarbakır Fortress, it is the administrative capital of the Diyarbakır Province of southeastern Turkey. It is the second-largest city in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. As of December 2021, the Metropolitan Province population was 1,791,373 of whom 1,129,218 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of the 4 urban districts ( Bağlar, Kayapınar, Sur and Yenişehir). Diyarbakır has been a main focal point of the conflict between the Turkish state and various Kurdish separatist groups, and is seen by many Kurds as the de facto capital of Kurdistan. The city was intended to become the capital of an independent Kurdistan following the Treaty of Sèvres, but this was disregarded following subsequent political developments. Names and etymology Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mardin
Mardin ( ku, Mêrdîn; ar, ماردين; syr, ܡܪܕܝܢ, Merdīn; hy, Մարդին) is a city in southeastern Turkey. The capital of Mardin Province, it is known for the Artuqid architecture of its old city, and for its strategic location on a rocky hill near the Tigris River that rises steeply over the flat plains. The old town of the city is under the protection of UNESCO, which forbids new constructions to preserve its façade. History Antiquity and etymology The city survived into the Syriac Christian period as the name of Mt. Izala (Izla), on which in the early 4th century AD stood the monastery of Nisibis, housing seventy monks. In the Roman period, the city itself was known as ''Marida'' (''Merida''), from a Neo-Aramaic language name translating to "fortress". Between c. 150 BC and 250 AD it was part of the kingdom of Osroene, ruled by the Abgarid dynasty. Medieval history During the early Muslim conquests, the Byzantine city was captured in 640 by the Musl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Damascus
)), is an adjective which means "spacious". , motto = , image_flag = Flag of Damascus.svg , image_seal = Emblem of Damascus.svg , seal_type = Seal , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Syria#Mediterranean east#Arab world#Asia , pushpin_label_position = right , pushpin_mapsize = , pushpin_map_caption = Location of Damascus within Syria , pushpin_relief = 1 , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Governorate , subdivision_name1 = Damascus Governorate, Capital City , government_footnotes = , government_type = , leader_title = Governor , leader_name = Mohammad Tariq Kreishati , parts_type = Municipalities , parts = 16 , established_title = , established_date ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adana
Adana (; ; ) is a major city in southern Turkey. It is situated on the Seyhan River, inland from the Mediterranean Sea. The administrative seat of Adana Province, Adana province, it has a population of 2.26 million. Adana lies in the heart of Cilicia, which was once one of the most important regions of the Classical antiquity, classical world. Home to six million people, Cilicia is an important agricultural area, owing to the large fertile plain of Çukurova. Twenty-first century Adana is a centre for regional trade, healthcare, and public and private services. Agriculture and logistics are important parts of the economy. Adana Şakirpaşa Airport is close to the city centre, and the town is connected to Tarsus and Mersin by TCDD Taşımacılık, TCDD train. Etymology One theory holds that the city name originates from a hypothetical Indo-European languages, Indo-European term; ''a danu'' ( en, on the river). Many river names in Europe were derived from the same Proto- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mecca
Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above sea level. Its last recorded population was 1,578,722 in 2015. Its estimated metro population in 2020 is 2.042million, making it the List of cities in Saudi Arabia by population, third-most populated city in Saudi Arabia after Riyadh and Jeddah. Pilgrims more than triple this number every year during the Pilgrimage#Islam, pilgrimage, observed in the twelfth Islamic calendar, Hijri month of . Mecca is generally considered "the fountainhead and cradle of Islam". Mecca is revered in Islam as the birthplace of the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad. The Hira cave atop the ("Mountain of Light"), just outside the city, is where Muslims believe the Quran was first revealed to Muhammad. Vis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
