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Kumulipo
In Hawaiian religion, the Kumulipo is the creation chant, first recorded by Westerners in the 18th century. It also includes a genealogy of the members of Hawaiian royalty and was created in honor of Kalaninuiamamao and passed down orally to his daughter Alapaiwahine. Creation chant In the ''Kumulipo'' the world was created over a cosmic night. This is not just one night, but many nights over time. The ancient Hawaiian ''kahuna'' and priests of the Hawaiian religion would recite the ''Kumulipo'' during the ''makahiki'' season, honoring the god Lono. In 1779, Captain James Cook arrived in Kealakekua Bay on the island of Hawaii during the season and was greeted by the Hawaiians reciting the ''Kumulipo''. Some stories say Cook was mistaken for Lono, because of the type of sails on his ship and his pale skintone. In 1889, King Kalākaua printed a sixty-page pamphlet of the ''Kumulipo''. Attached to the pamphlet was a 2-page paper on how the chant was originally composed and recited. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawaiian Religion
Hawaiian religion refers to the indigenous religious beliefs and practices of native Hawaiians, also known as the kapu system. Hawaiian religion is based largely on the tapu religion common in Polynesia and likely originated among the Tahitians and other Pacific islanders who landed in Hawaii between 500 and 1300 AD. It is polytheistic and animistic, with a belief in many deities and spirits, including the belief that spirits are found in non-human beings and objects such as other animals, the waves, and the sky. It was only during the reign of Kamehameha I that a ruler from Hawaii island attempted to impose a singular "Hawaiian" religion on all the Hawaiian islands that was not Christianity. Today, Hawaiian religious practices are protected by the American Indian Religious Freedom Act. Traditional Hawaiian religion is unrelated to the modern New Age practice known as " Huna".Rothstein, Mikael, in Lewis, James R. and Daren Kemp. ''Handbook of New Age''. Brill Academic Publishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sargassum Aquifolium
Formerly known as ''Sargassum echinocarpum'', ''Sargassum aquifolium'' is an abundant brown algae of the order Fucales, class Phaeophyceae, genus ''Sargassum''. In Hawaii, it is commonly known as limu kala. This alga is endemic to Hawaiʻi, one out of the four endemic species of endemic ''Sargassum''. Description ''Sargassum aquifolium'' can reach up to 30 centimeters with a flat main branch and wide, short, spiny leaves. Size vary based on where they live, but ''S. aquifolium'' that live on reef flats are usually larger and more narrow. Leaves range from 2.54-10.16 centimeters (1-4 inches) in length and 1.27 centimeters (0.5 inches) in width. Leaves are golden-brown color with brown dots and a clear spine. Edges of leaves are smooth or spiny with toothlike edges. ''Sargassum aquifolium'' can float due to the pneumatocysts found on the leaves. Distribution and Habitat ''Sargassum aquifolium'' is endemic to the Hawaiian islands. ''Sargassum aquifolium'' is the most common and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawaiian Hawk
The Hawaiian hawk or ''io'' (''Buteo solitarius'') is a raptor in the genus ''Buteo'' endemic to Hawaii, currently restricted to the Big Island. The ''io'' is one of two extant birds of prey that are native to Hawaii, the other being the ''pueo'' (Hawaiian short-eared owl) and fossil evidence indicates that it inhabited the island of Hawaii, Molokai, Oahu, Maui and Kauai at one time. Today, it is known to breed only on the Big Island, in stands of native ''ōhia lehua'' (''Metrosideros polymorpha'') trees. The species was protected as an endangered species in the United States, but was delisted in 2020. However, the IUCN classifies the species as Near Threatened. Description The Hawaiian hawk measures approximately in length. The female, which weighs on average, is larger than the male, which averages . Two color phases exist: a dark phase (dark brown head, breast, and underwings), and a light color phase (dark head, light breast and light underwings). Feet and legs are yellow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubus Hawaiensis
''Rubus hawaiensis'', also called the ''Ākala'', is one of two species (with '' R. macraei'') commonly known as Hawaiian raspberry, endemic to Hawaii. It is found on the islands of Kauai, Molokai, Maui, O'ahu, and Hawaii in mesic to wet forest at elevations of . In most areas it is not very common, but in some places (such as the upper Koolau Gap in Haleakalā and Laupāhoehoe Natural Area Reserve) it can be a dominant member of the understory vegetation. Although superficially similar to the other Hawaiian species, ''Rubus macraei'', the two are believed to be derived from separate dispersals to Hawaii. Description ''Rubus hawaiensis'' is a deciduous shrub, typically growing as a clump of erect or (when longer) arching canes, long. The leaves are compound, with three leaflets. The fruit is red, large (up to long and wide), and edible but not often eaten, as it is sour and somewhat bitter. Although frequently described as prickle-free ("thornless"), and often used as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kāne
In Hawaiian mythology, Kāne is considered the highest of the three major Hawaiian deities, along with Kū and Lono. He represented the god of procreation and was worshipped as ancestor of chiefs and commoners. Kāne is the creator and gives life associated with dawn, sun and sky. No human sacrifice or laborious ritual was needed in the worship of Kāne. In the Kumuhonua legend, he created Earth, bestowed upon it sea creatures, animals, plants, and created man and woman. Mythology The 1907 book '' Legends of Hawaii'' has the following account of creation involving Kāne. The author says that there are several versions of this story, probably due to waves of immigration from different areas of Polynesia at different times, but generally they agree on the major points. It says that in the beginning, there was nothing but Po; the endless black chaos. Then Kāne, sensing that he was separate from the Po, pulled himself free of Po by an act of sheer will. Sensing Kāne's presence, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalaninuiamamao
Kalaninuiamamao (sometimes called Ka-I-i-Mamao or Kaeamamao) was a prince of the Big Island of Hawaii, or 1st Alii Nui of Kaū, an ancestor of the Queen Liliuokalani. Retrieved 2014-5-2. He is probably the Hawaiian chief with the most varied spelling of his name. The was composed in honor of his birth and was passed by him to his daughter Alapaiwahine. Biography Kalaninuiamamao was born of |
Kalākaua
Kalākaua (David Laʻamea Kamananakapu Mahinulani Naloiaehuokalani Lumialani Kalākaua; November 16, 1836 – January 20, 1891), sometimes called The Merrie Monarch, was the last king and penultimate monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom, Kingdom of Hawaiʻi, reigning from February 12, 1874, until his death in 1891. Succeeding Lunalilo, he was elective monarchy, elected to the vacant throne of Hawaiʻi against Queen Emma of Hawaii, Queen Emma. Kalākaua had a convivial personality and enjoyed entertaining guests with his singing and ukulele playing. At his coronation and his birthday jubilee, the hula, which had hitherto been banned in public in the kingdom, became a celebration of Hawaiian culture. During Kalākaua's reign, the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875 brought great prosperity to the kingdom. Its renewal continued the prosperity but allowed United States to have exclusive use of Pearl Harbor. In 1881, Kalākaua took a trip around the world to encourage the immigration ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kahuna
''Kahuna'' is a Hawaiian language, Hawaiian word that refers to an expert in any field. Historically, it has been used to refer to doctors, surgeons and dentists, as well as priests, ministers, and sorcerers. Background A ''kahuna'' may be versed in agriculture,Archived aGhostarchiveand thWayback Machine canoe building, or any other skill or knowledge area. A ''kahuna'' may be called on by the community to bless new buildings and construction projects, as well as to officiate weddings. Forty types of ''kahuna'' are listed in the book ''Tales from the Night Rainbow'', twenty in the healing professions alone, including "''Kahuna lapaau'', medical priest or practitioner", and "''Kahuna hāhā'', an expert who diagnoses, as sickness or pain, by feeling the body". There are two main categories of ''kahuna''; craft kahuna, such as the ''kālai waa'' – an expert canoe maker, and ''hookele'' – an expert navigator; vs sorcery kahuna, such as ''kahuna anāanā'' and ''kahuna lapaau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alapaiwahine
Alapaiwahine was a Princess of the Island of Hawaii and great-grandmother of King David Kalākaua and Queen Lydia Liliuokalani. She was a ''Naha'' chiefess: the product of a rare father and daughter marriage uncommon in Hawaiian history. Biography She was probably born in the late 18th century prior to the landing of Captain James Cook on the Hawaiian Islands. She was born into the most powerful family in the island of Hawaii at the time. Her father was Kalaninuiamamao and her mother was his fifth wife, the Naha chiefess Kaolanialii, Kalaninuilamamao's daughter by his wife Kapaihi-a-Ahu. Her father (who was thus also her grandfather) was ruling chief (''Alii Nui'') of the District of Kaū, son of Keaweʻīkekahialiʻiokamoku and Lonomaʻaikanaka. He was once in line to succeed, but due to the contention between him and his higher-ranking brother, Keeaumoku Nui, which led to a war that split the island of Hawaii into separate district kingdoms until Kamehameha I, Keeaumoku’s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maile
''Alyxia stellata'', known as ''maile'' in Hawaiian, is a species of flowering plant in the dogbane family, ''Apocynaceae'', that is native to Hawaii. It grows as either a twining liana, scandent shrub, or small erect shrub, and is one of the few vines that are endemic to the islands. The binomial nomenclature means "chain resembling olive" in Latin. The leaves are usually ternate, sometimes opposite, and can show both types on the same stem.Wagner et al. 1990Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii1, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, p. 214 Flowers are quite inconspicuous and have a sweet and light fragrance of honey. The bark is most fragrant and exudes a slightly sticky, milky sap when punctured, characteristic of the family Apocynaceae. The entire plant contains coumarin, a sweet-smelling compound that is also present in vanilla grass (''Anthoxanthum odoratum''), woodruff (''Galium odoratum'') and mullein (''Verbascum'' spp.). Fruit are oval and dark purple when ripe. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
