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Kullervo Manner
Kullervo Achilles Manner (, Russian Куллерво Густавович Маннер, ''Kullervo Gustavovich Manner''; 12 October 1880 – 15 January 1939) was a Finnish politician and journalist, and later a Soviet politician. He was a member of the Finnish parliament, serving as its Speaker in 1917. He was also chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Finland between 1917 and 1918. During the Finnish Civil War, he led the Finnish People's Delegation, a leftist alternative to the established Finnish government. After the war, he escaped to the Soviet Union, where he co-founded the Finnish Communist Party. It is said if the Red Guards had won the Civil War, Manner might have risen to the position of the "Leader of the Red Finland". Early life Manner was born a minister's son in Kokemäki. His father Gustaf Manner worked in various parishes, including those of Lappi and Vampula. Kullervo's mother was Alma Limón, daughter of pastor Johannes Limón. After graduating from hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish People's Delegation
The Finnish People's Delegation ( fi, Suomen kansanvaltuuskunta sv, Finska folkdelegationen) was a governmental body, created by a group of members in the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP), to serve as the government of the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic during the Finnish Civil War. The chair of the Delegation was the former Speaker of the Parliament of Finland, Speaker of the Parliament Kullervo Manner. The Delegation seized power at the start of the civil war by supplanting Pehr Evind Svinhufvud's first senate and the Parliament of Finland, Parliament, after which it passed laws and enactments aspiring to a controlled social reformation as per the policy of the labor movement. A parliamentary Central Workers' Council of Finland, Central Workers' Council also operated alongside the Delegation, although its role in the Reds' administration remained rather minor. The most ambitious of the Delegation's legislative undertakings was a proposition for a new constitution, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uusimaa
Uusimaa (; sv, Nyland, ; both lit. 'new land') is a region of Finland. It borders the regions of Southwest Finland, Tavastia Proper (Kanta-Häme), Päijänne Tavastia (Päijät-Häme), and Kymenlaakso. Finland's capital and largest city, Helsinki, along with the surrounding Greater Helsinki area, are both contained in the region, and Uusimaa is Finland's most populous region. The population of Uusimaa is 1,723,000. While predominantly Finnish-speaking, Uusimaa has the highest total number of native speakers of Swedish in Finland even at a much lower share than two other regions. History The place name of Nuuksio derives from the Sami word which means ' swan.'' Later Finns proper and Tavastians inhabited the area. Some place names have traces of Tavastian village names, like Konala, which likely derives from the older Tavastian village name ''Konhola''. Estonians inhabited the region to a smaller extent, specifically for seasonal fishing. Swedish colonisation of coasta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas II
Nicholas II or Nikolai II Alexandrovich Romanov; spelled in pre-revolutionary script. ( 186817 July 1918), known in the Russian Orthodox Church as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer,. was the last Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland, ruling from 1 November 1894 until his abdication on 15 March 1917. During his reign, Nicholas gave support to the economic and political reforms promoted by his prime ministers, Sergei Witte and Pyotr Stolypin. He advocated modernization based on foreign loans and close ties with France, but resisted giving the new parliament (the Duma) major roles. Ultimately, progress was undermined by Nicholas's commitment to autocratic rule, strong aristocratic opposition and defeats sustained by the Russian military in the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. By March 1917, public support for Nicholas had collapsed and he was forced to abdicate the throne, thereby ending the Romanov dynasty's 304-year rule of Russia (16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helsinki
Helsinki ( or ; ; sv, Helsingfors, ) is the Capital city, capital, primate city, primate, and List of cities and towns in Finland, most populous city of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, it is the seat of the region of Uusimaa in southern Finland, and has a population of . The Helsinki urban area, city's urban area has a population of , making it by far the List of urban areas in Finland by population, most populous urban area in Finland as well as the country's most important center for politics, education, finance, culture, and research; while Tampere in the Pirkanmaa region, located to the north from Helsinki, is the second largest urban area in Finland. Helsinki is located north of Tallinn, Estonia, east of Stockholm, Sweden, and west of Saint Petersburg, Russia. It has History of Helsinki, close historical ties with these three cities. Together with the cities of Espoo, Vantaa, and Kauniainen (and surrounding commuter towns, including the eastern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porvoo
Porvoo (; sv, Borgå ; la, Borgoa) is a city and a municipality in the Uusimaa region of Finland, situated on the southern coast about east of the city border of Helsinki and about from the city centre. Porvoo was one of the six medieval towns of Finland, along with Turku, Ulvila, Rauma, Naantali and Vyborg. It is first mentioned as a city in texts from the 14th century. Porvoo is the seat of the Swedish-speaking Diocese of Borgå of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland. Porvoo was briefly the capital of the former Eastern Uusimaa region. Porvoo Old Town ( fi, Porvoon vanhakaupunki; sv, Borgås gamla stan) is a popular tourist destination, known for its well-preserved 18th- and 19th-century buildings, and the 15th-century Porvoo Cathedral. The Old Town and the Porvoonjoki River Valley are recognized as, together, one of the National landscapes of Finland. The municipality's official languages are Finnish and Swedish. In 2014, 64.6% of the population spoke Finnish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The National Biography Of Finland
''Suomen kansallisbiografia'' ( en, The National Biography of Finland) is a collection of more than 6,000 biographies A biography, or simply bio, is a detailed description of a person's life. It involves more than just the basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death; it portrays a person's experience of these life events. Unlike a profile or c ... of individuals and families who have made important contributions to the development of Finnish society.The National Biography of Finland (in English). References External links Suomen kansallisbiografia {{in lang, fi [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vampula
Vampula is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated with Huittinen on 1 January 2009. It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Satakunta region. The municipality had a population of 1,677 (31 December 2008) and covered a land area of . The population density was . The municipality was unilingually Finnish. History A few discoveries of objects from the Stone Age have been made in the Vampula area. Farming started along Loimijoki already in the Iron Age, and by the 13th century at the latest, almost all of Vampula's spirit book villages were born. The first inhabitants arrived in the Vampula area probably from Huittinen, but the oldest church connections point to Säkylä. In 1590, four householders built a small log church at their own expense. This first sanctuary is used as a motif for the municipality's coat of arms, which depicts a cross and four nails as a metaphor for the builders. Vampula got its own municipal administration in 186 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lappi, Finland
Lappi is a List of former municipalities of Finland, former municipality of Finland. It was located in the provinces of Finland, province of Western Finland and was part of the Satakunta (region), Satakunta regions of Finland, region. The municipality had a population of 3,236 (2003) and covered an area of 213.27 km² of which 7.24 km² is water. The population density was 15.2 inhabitants per km². The municipality was unilingually Finnish language, Finnish. UNESCO World Heritage Site Sammallahdenmäki is located in Lappi. Lappi was consolidated with the city of Rauma, Finland, Rauma on 1 January 2009, was officially disbanded and since has been considered a neighborhood. External links Official website Populated places disestablished in 2009 2009 disestablishments in Finland Former municipalities of Finland Rauma, Finland {{WesternFinland-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Finland
The Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic (FSWR), more commonly referred to as Red Finland, was a self-proclaimed Finnish socialist state that ruled parts of the country during the Finnish Civil War of 1918. It was outlined on 29 January 1918 by the Finnish People's Delegation, the Reds and Red Guards of the Finnish Social Democratic Party, after the socialist revolution in Finland on 26 January 1918. Its sole prime minister was Kullervo Manner, chairman of the central committee. The name "Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic" ( fi, Suomen sosialistinen työväentasavalta) appeared only in the Treaty between Finnish People's Delegation and Russian Council of People's Commissars, signed on 1 March 1918. The People's Delegation had earlier used the name Republic of Finland (), but Soviet leader V. I. Lenin proposed adding the attributes "Socialist Workers' Republic" into the name during negotiations. The People's Delegation later blamed its delegates for succumbing to Lenin's demand, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Guards (Finland)
sv, Röda gardet , war=the Russian Revolution of 1905 and Finnish Civil War , image= , caption= A Red Guard fighter (right) and a nurse (left) in 1918 , active= 1905–19071917–1920 , ideology= Socialism,Communism,Left-wing nationalism , leaders= Johan KockAli Aaltonen Eero Haapalainen Eino Rahja Kullervo Manner Otto Wille Kuusinen , clans= , headquarters= , area= Finland ( FSWR), East Karelia , size= , partof= , predecessor= , successor= , allegiance= Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic , allies= Russian Red Guards , opponents= (1905–1907) * Protection Corps (1905–1906) Finland (1918) * White Guards (1917–1920) (1918) , battles= *Russian Revolution of 1905 *Finnish Civil War *Estonian War of Independence * Kinship Wars The Red Guards ( fi, Punakaarti, ; sv, Röda gardet) were the paramilitary units of the Finnish labour movement in the early 1900s. The first Red Guards were established during the 1905 general strike, but disbanded a year later. After the Rus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
