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Klaus Bonhoeffer
Klaus Bonhoeffer (5 January 1901 – 23 April 1945) was a German jurist and German resistance to Nazism, resistance fighter against the Nazism, Nazi régime who was executed after the 20 July Plot, July 1944 plot to kill Hitler. Early life Klaus Bonhoeffer was born in Breslau, German Empire, Germany, now Wrocław, Poland, to Karl Bonhoeffer, a professor of psychiatry and neurology, and his wife Paula (née von Hase), as the third son in the Bonhoeffer family. His younger brother was the theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer (4 February 1906 – 9 April 1945). Education As a child, he went to the ''Grunewald-Gymnasium (school), Gymnasium'' in Berlin with Hans von Dohnanyi. He studied law at Heidelberg and received a doctorate for his thesis, "Workers' Committees as an Organ of the Workers' Coöperative" (''Die Betriebsräte als Organ der Betriebsgenossenschaft''). He also had further training in Berlin, at the University of Geneva, and in Amsterdam. Marriage On 3 September 1930, he wed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klaus Bonhoeffer Small
Klaus is a German language, German, Dutch language, Dutch and Scandinavian given name and surname. It originated as a short form of Nikolaus, a German form of the Greek given name Nicholas. Notable persons whose family name is Klaus *Billy Klaus (1928–2006), American baseball player *Chris Klaus (born 1973), American entrepreneur *Frank Klaus (1887–1948), German-American boxer, 1913 Middleweight Champion *Fred Klaus (born 1967), German footballer *Josef Klaus (1910–2001), Chancellor of Austria 1966–1970 *Karl Ernst Claus (1796–1864), Russian chemist *Václav Klaus (born 1941), Czech politician, former President of the Czech Republic *Walter K. Klaus (1912–2012), American politician and farmer Notable persons whose given name is Klaus *Brother Klaus, Swiss patron saint *Klaus Augenthaler (born 1957), German football player and manager *Klaus Badelt (born 1967), German composer *Klaus Barbie (1913–1991), German SS-Hauptsturmführer and Holocaust Perpetrator *Klau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Max Delbrück
Max Ludwig Henning Delbrück (; September 4, 1906 – March 9, 1981) was a German–American biophysicist who participated in launching the molecular biology research program in the late 1930s. He stimulated physical science, physical scientists' interest into biology, especially as to basic research to physically explain genes, mysterious at the time. Formed in 1945 and led by Delbrück along with Salvador Luria and Alfred Hershey, the Phage Group made substantial headway unraveling important aspects of genetics. The three shared the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses"."The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969" Nobel Media AB 2013, ''Nobelprize.org'', Web access November 6, 2013. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gestapo
The (), abbreviated Gestapo (; ), was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and in German-occupied Europe. The force was created by Hermann Göring in 1933 by combining the various political police agencies of Prussia into one organisation. On 20 April 1934, oversight of the Gestapo passed to the head of the ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS), Heinrich Himmler, who was also appointed Chief of German Police by Hitler in 1936. Instead of being exclusively a Prussian state agency, the Gestapo became a national one as a sub-office of the (SiPo; Security Police). From 27 September 1939, it was administered by the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA). It became known as (Dept) 4 of the RSHA and was considered a sister organisation to the (SD; Security Service). During World War II, the Gestapo played a key role in the Holocaust. After the war ended, the Gestapo was declared a criminal organisation by the International Military Tribunal (IMT) at the Nuremberg trials. History After Adol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lehrter Straße
The Lehrter Straße (also: ''Lehrter Strasse'', ''Lehrterstraße'', and ''Lehrterstrasse'') is a residential street in Moabit, a sub district of Mitte, one of Berlin's 12 boroughs of which the borders were redefined following the 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall. It runs for an almost completely straight length, except for a small kink shortly before its southern extremity. The street is approximately 1,500 metres (0.93 miles) long and lies in a southeasterly direction from the Perleberger Strasse near the Fenn Bridge, to the west of, and parallel to the disused Lehrter railway complex which was disbanded in the 1950s. It joins the Invalidenstraße a few hundred metres from the new Berlin Hauptbahnhof (Berlin's central railway station), near the site of the former Invalidenstraße East-West Berlin Cold War checkpoint. The street consists of 75 houses numbered in horseshoe fashion. After the Invalidenstrasse intersection the traffic route continues south on Clara-Jaschk Strasse. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
20 July Plot
On 20 July 1944, Claus von Stauffenberg and other conspirators attempted to assassinate Adolf Hitler, Führer of Nazi Germany, inside his Wolf's Lair field headquarters near Rastenburg, East Prussia, now Kętrzyn, in present-day Poland. The name "Operation Valkyrie"—originally referring to part of the conspiracy—has become associated with the entire event. The apparent aim of the assassination attempt was to wrest political control of Germany and its armed forces from the Nazi Party (including the SS) and to make peace with the Western Allies of World War II, Allies as soon as possible. The details of the conspirators' peace initiatives remain unknown, but they would have included unrealistic demands for the confirmation of Germany's extensive annexations of European territory. The plot was the culmination of efforts by several groups in the German resistance to Nazism, German resistance to overthrow the Nazi German government. The failure of the assassination attempt an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto John
Otto John (19 March 1909 – 26 March 1997) was a German lawyer and intelligence official. During World War Two, he was a conspirator in the 20 July plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler. Following the war, he became the first head of West Germany's domestic intelligence service, the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution. In July 1954, he surfaced in East Germany, where he made public appearances criticizing the government in Bonn and Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. After his return to West Germany in 1955, despite maintaining that he was drugged and kidnapped, John was convicted and sentenced to prison for treason. Life Otto John was born in Marburg. He earned a doctorate of law from the University of Marburg. He married Lucie Manén in 1949. John was involved in the plot of 20 July 1944 to assassinate Adolf Hitler, for which his brother, Hans, was executed. At the time, he worked as a lawyer at the Deutsche Lufthansa legal office in Madrid and used contacts he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Von Harnack
Ernst Wolf Alexander Oskar Harnack (15 July 1888 – 5 March 1945), granted the title von Harnack in 1914, was an official of the Prussian provincial government, a German politician, and a German Resistance fighter. He was arrested, tried and executed in March 1945 at Plötzensee Prison for political opposition to the Nazi Party. Family Harnack was born in Marburg as the son of the theologian Adolf von Harnack (1851–1930) and Amalie Thiersch (1858–1937), the granddaughter of the chemist Justus von Liebig. On 25 March 1916, in Hindenburg (Upper Silesia), he married Anna (Änne) Wiggert (b. 5 October 1894, in Göttelborn, Ottweiler district, Saarland; d. 22 August 1960, in Berlin), daughter of the Prussian official Ernst Wiggert and Elisabeth Schmidt. They had two sons and three daughters. Life After a year's private instruction, Harnack attended the Joachimsthalsches Gymnasium in Berlin, where he took the Abitur in 1907. Then he studied law at the University of Marbu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abwehr
The ''Abwehr'' (German for ''resistance'' or ''defence'', but the word usually means ''counterintelligence'' in a military context; ) was the German military-intelligence service for the ''Reichswehr'' and the ''Wehrmacht'' from 1920 to 1944. Although the 1919 Treaty of Versailles prohibited the Weimar Republic from establishing an intelligence organization of their own, they formed an espionage group in 1920 within the Ministry of Defence, calling it the ''Abwehr''. The initial purpose of the ''Abwehr'' was defence against foreign espionage: an organizational role which later evolved considerably. Under General Kurt von Schleicher (prominent in running the ''Reichswehr'' from 1926 onwards) the individual military services' intelligence units were combined and, in 1929, centralized under Schleicher's ''Ministeramt'' within the Ministry of Defence, forming the foundation for the more commonly understood manifestation of the ''Abwehr''. Each ''Abwehr'' station throughout German ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Canaris
Wilhelm Franz Canaris (1 January 1887 – 9 April 1945) was a German admiral and the chief of the '' Abwehr'' (the German military-intelligence service) from 1935 to 1944. Canaris was initially a supporter of Adolf Hitler, and the Nazi regime. However, following the German invasion of Poland in 1939, Canaris turned against Hitler and committed acts of both passive and active resistance during the war. Being the head of Nazi Germany's military-intelligence agency, he was in a key position to participate in resistance. As the war turned against Germany, Canaris and other military officers expanded their clandestine opposition to the leadership of Nazi Germany. By 1945, his acts of resistance and sabotage against the Nazi regime came to light and Canaris was executed in Flossenbürg concentration camp for high treason as the Allied forces advanced through Southern Germany. Early life Canaris was born on 1 January 1887 in Aplerbeck (now a part of Dortmund) in Westphal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rüdiger Schleicher
Rüdiger Schleicher (14 January 1895 – 23 April 1945) was a German legal academic and resistance fighter against the Nazi régime. Life Born in Stuttgart, Württemberg, Schleicher was married to Ursula Bonhoeffer (1902–1983), Karl Bonhoeffer's daughter and Dietrich and Klaus Bonhoeffer's sister. His daughter Renate married Dietrich Bonhoeffer's friend and fellow theologian, Eberhard Bethge. Schleicher studied law in Tübingen and obtained his doctorate in 1923 with a dissertation on "International Air Travel Law." After working in the Württemberg government service and the German-American Arbitration Committee at the Foreign Office in Berlin, he became an official in the Reich Ministry of Transport in 1927. Upon the Nazi seizure of power in 1933, he was posted to the newly established Ministry of Aviation under Hermann Göring. There, beginning in 1935, he headed the legal department as a ministerial adviser. On 14 August 1939, less than three weeks before the wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
