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Khamkhi
Khamkhi ( inh, Хамхе, Khamkhe) is an ancient city-settlement in Dzheyrakhsky District of Ingushetia. It is part of the rural settlement of Guli (administrative center rural settlement). On the territory of the city-settlement there is an architectural complex "Khamkhi", represented by many historical objects: megalithic cyclopean tower-type dwellings, 4 combat towers, 4 semi-combat and 16 residential towers, as well as 10 crypt burial grounds. Currently, these objects of Ingush architecture and the entire territory of the settlement are included in the Dzheyrakh-Assa Museum-Reserve and are under state protection. Geography Khamkhi is located in Mountainous Ingushetia, on the left bank of the Assa river, on the territory of the historical region "Khyakhale" (from the Ingush "three-town"), being one of its three largest ancient cities-settlements. History On the territory of Khamkhi, the remains of megalithic cyclopean dwellings dating back to the 2nd-1st millennium B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khamkhins
Khamkhins ( inh, Хамхой, Khamkhoy), also known as Ghalghaï, were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society, which was located in the upper reaches of the Assa River. The Khamkhin society, like the Tsorin society, was formed from the former "Ghalghaï society" as a result of the transfer of rural government to Khamkhi. The Khamkhin society continued to be synonymously called " Ghalghaï", after the name of the historical region "Ghalghaïche", on the territory of which the society was formed. The name "Ghalghaïche" in turn comes from the self-name of the Ingush - " Ghalghaï", which had a central and broad meaning in Ingushetia, being a common self-name for other Ingush societies, united by a common territory, common language and culture. Geography In the west Khamkhins bordered with the Fyappins, in the north with the Galashians, in the east with the Tsorins, in the south with Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khamekits
''Chamaecoetae'' ( grc, χαμαικοῖται) were an ancient tribe mentioned by Greek geographer Strabo in his work ''Geographica'' during the first century AD. Some researchers connect them with the Ingush and localize them in mountainous Ingushetia, in Khamkhi, while others question these theories and argue that more arguments are needed. Ethnonym and localization First and only mention The first and only mention of the tribe is in work of the Greek geographer Strabo, ''Geographica''. He stated in his work as follows: Localization For the first time in 1963, expressed the point of view about the ethnicity of the ''Chamaecoeta'' in his work "Sarmatians of the North-Eastern Caucasus" (''Сарматы Северо-восточного Кавказа''), he associated the ethnonym with the Vainakh tribes. Further on, he and again wrote about the connection of this ethnonym with the Ingush and localizaed Chamaecoetae in Khamkhi: first localized the ''Chamaecoetae' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ingush People
The Ingush (, inh, ГIалгIай, translit=Ghalghaj, pronounced ) per Oxford dictionary "a member of a people living mainly in Ingushetia in the central Caucasus." Ingushetia is a federal republic of Russian Federation. The Ingush are predominantly Sunni Muslims and speak the Ingush language. According to 19th-century scientist Semen Bronevski the Ingush are known as Kisti, Ghalgha, Ingushi and they use the names interchangeably. According to the German scientist Peter Pallas who visited the Caucasus the Ingush are known as Loamaro, Kisti, Ghalghai, Ingush. Etymology The name ''Ingush'' is derived from the ancient village ''Angusht'', which was renamed into ''Tarskoye'' and transferred to North Ossetia in 1944 after the deportation of 23 February 1944, a.k.a. operation "Lentil". The Ingush, a nationality group indigenous to the Caucasus, mostly inhabit Ingushetia. They refer to themselves as Ghalghai (from Ingush: ''Ghala'' ("fortress" or "town") and ''ghai'' ("inhabita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ingushetia
Ingushetia (; russian: Ингуше́тия; inh, ГӀалгӏайче, Ghalghayče), officially the Republic of Ingushetia,; inh, Гӏалгӏай Мохк, Ghalghay Moxk is a republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe. The republic is part of the North Caucasian Federal District, and shares land borders with the country of Georgia to its south; and borders the Russian republics of North Ossetia–Alania and Chechnya to its west and east, respectively; while having a border with Stavropol Krai to its north. It also is one of the least-populated republics of Russia at under 500,000. Its capital is the town of Magas, while the largest city is Nazran. At 4,000 square km, in terms of area, the republic is the smallest of Russia's non-city federal subjects. It was established on June 4, 1992, after the Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was split in two.Law of June 4, 1992Official website of the Republic of IngushetiaSocial-Econom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dzheyrakhsky District, Republic Of Ingushetia
Dzheyrakhsky District (russian: Джейра́хский райо́н; inh, ЖӀайраха шахьар, ) is an administrative and municipalLaw #5-RZ district (raion), one of the four in the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic. The area of the district is .Official website of the Republic of IngushetiaDzheyrakhsky District: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow Its administrative center is the rural locality (a '' selo'') of Dzheyrakh. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 2,638, with the population of Dzheyrakh accounting for 57.4% of that number. History The district was established in October 1993.Official website of Dzheyrakhsky District Administrative structure Administrative and municipal status Within the[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dzheyrakhsky District
Dzheyrakhsky District (russian: Джейра́хский райо́н; inh, ЖӀайраха шахьар, ) is an administrative and municipalLaw #5-RZ district (raion), one of the four in the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic. The area of the district is .Official website of the Republic of IngushetiaDzheyrakhsky District: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow Its administrative center is the rural locality (a '' selo'') of Dzheyrakh. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 2,638, with the population of Dzheyrakh accounting for 57.4% of that number. History The district was established in October 1993.Official website of Dzheyrakhsky District Administrative structure Administrative and municipal status Within the[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyclopean Masonry
Cyclopean masonry is a type of stonework found in Mycenaean architecture, built with massive limestone boulders, roughly fitted together with minimal clearance between adjacent stones and with clay mortar or no use of mortar. The boulders typically seem unworked, but some may have been worked roughly with a hammer and the gaps between boulders filled in with smaller chunks of limestone. The most famous examples of Cyclopean masonry are found in the walls of Mycenae and Tiryns, and the style is characteristic of Mycenaean fortifications. Similar styles of stonework are found in other cultures and the term has come to be used to describe typical stonework of this sort, such as the old city walls of Rajgir. The term comes from the belief of classical Greeks that only the mythical Cyclopes had the strength to move the enormous boulders that made up the walls of Mycenae and Tiryns. Pliny's ''Natural History'' reported the tradition attributed to Aristotle, that the Cyclopes were t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dzheyrakh-Assa Museum-Reserve
Dzheyrakh-Assa Museum-Reserve (russian: Джейрахско-Ассинский музей-заповедник) is a Ingush cultural and historical landscape in Ingushetia, consisting of a number of reserves and auls. In the territory of 64 thousand hectares there are about five hundred stone architectural complexes: funerary crypts, Pagan and Christian shrines and temples, and Vainakh towers. The first towers date back to the II millennium BC. There are about 2,000 inhabitants in Dzheyrakhsky district of Ingushetia. Noteworthy places of Assa-Dzheyrakh: * Erzi (Боевые башни Эрзи) is a state nature reserve, includes one of the largest tower complexes of Ingushetia. * Tower complex Vovnushki (Башенный комплекс Вовнушки) is a late medieval complex of defensive Ingush towers. In 2008 Vovnushki became the finalist of the project Seven Wonders of Russia. * Tower complex Targim (Башенный комплекс Таргим) is an aul in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assa (river)
The Assa (Tsirtslovn-Tskhali, russian: Асса, Цирцловн-Цхали, ka, ასა, ce, Iaьса-хи, inh, Эса-хий) is a right tributary of the Sunzha in Georgia and Russia. It is located in Dusheti Municipality of Mtskheta-Mtianeti, Georgia; and in Dzheyrakhsky and Sunzhensky Districts of Ingushetia and in Sunzhensky and Achkhoy-Martanovsky Districts of Chechnya, Russia. Geography It measures long, and incorporates a drainage basin which is . The basin includes the major part of Ingushetia, areas in the west of Chechnya, as well as minor areas in the north of Georgia. Within the river basin, more than 70% of the territory is subjected to avalanches. The river's source is on the northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus in Khevsureti from where it flows north and crosses into Russia. The Assa accepts the Gulaykhi from the right and flows through the Erzi Nature Reserve. North of the stanitsa of Nesterovskaya, the Assa turns east, crosses into Chechny ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strabo
Strabo''Strabo'' (meaning "squinty", as in strabismus) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed. The father of Pompey was called "Pompeius Strabo". A native of Sicily so clear-sighted that he could see things at great distance as if they were nearby was also called "Strabo". (; el, Στράβων ''Strábōn''; 64 or 63 BC 24 AD) was a Greek geographer, philosopher, and historian who lived in Asia Minor during the transitional period of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. Life Strabo was born to an affluent family from Amaseia in Pontus (in present-day Turkey) in around 64BC. His family had been involved in politics since at least the reign of Mithridates V. Strabo was related to Dorylaeus on his mother's side. Several other family members, including his paternal grandfather had served Mithridates VI during the Mithridatic Wars. As the war drew to a close, Strabo's grandfather had turned several Pontic fortress ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teip
Teips (also taip, teyp; Nakh тайпа ''taypa'' : ''family, kin, clan, tribe''Нохчийн-Оьрсийн словарь (Chechen-Russian Dictionary, A.G. Matsiyev, Moscow, 1961), ''also available online:'Чеченско-Русский словарь: “схьаIенадала-такхадала”; ''and' ) are Chechen and Ingush tribal organizations or clans, self-identified through descent from a common ancestor or geographic location. It is a sub-unit of the tukkhum and shahar. There are about 150 Chechen and 120 Ingush teips. Teips played an important role in the socioeconomic life of the Chechen and Ingush peoples before and during the Middle Ages, and continue to be an important cultural part to this day. Traditional teip rules and features Common teip rules and some features: [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Anton Güldenstädt
Johann Anton Güldenstädt (26 April 1745 in Riga, Latvia – 23 March 1781 in St. Petersburg, Russia) was a Baltic German natural history, naturalist and explorer in Russian service. Güldenstädt lost both his parents early, and from 1763 onwards studied pharmacy, botany and natural history in Berlin. At the age of 22, he obtained his doctorate in medicine at the Viadrina European University, University of Frankfurt in 1767. In the following year, he joined the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences' expedition sent by Catherine II of Russia to explore the Russian empire's southern frontier. Güldenstädt travelled through Ukraine and the Astrakhan Oblast, Astrakhan region, as well as the northern Caucasus and Georgia (country), Georgia, both of which were almost entirely beyond the borders of the Russian empire. In March 1775 he returned to St Petersburg. The results of the expedition and Güldenstädt's edited expedition journal were published after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
