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Kaliman Island
Kaliman Island ( bg, остров Калиман, ostrov Kaliman, ) is the triangular, flat rocky island extending 250 m in south-southeast to north-northwest direction and 80 m wide in Walker Bay, Livingston Island in Antarctica. It is named after Czar Kaliman Asen of Bulgaria (1241–1246 AD). Location Kaliman Island is located at , which is 3.9 km northwest of Hannah Point, 9.5 km northeast of Bond Point and 4.62 km south of Snow Peak, and connected to Livingston Island on the north by a 600 m long moraine tombolo. Formed as result of the retreat of Verila Glacier in the first decade of 21st century. Bulgarian mapping in 2009 and 2017. Maps * L.L. IvanovAntarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009. Antarctic Digital Database (ADD).Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antarctica
Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest continent, being about 40% larger than Europe, and has an area of . Most of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, with an average thickness of . Antarctica is, on average, the coldest, driest, and windiest of the continents, and it has the highest average elevation. It is mainly a polar desert, with annual precipitation of over along the coast and far less inland. About 70% of the world's freshwater reserves are frozen in Antarctica, which, if melted, would raise global sea levels by almost . Antarctica holds the record for the lowest measured temperature on Earth, . The coastal regions can reach temperatures over in summer. Native species of animals include mites, nematodes, penguins, seals and tardigrades. Where vegetation o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Shetland Islands
The South Shetland Islands are a group of Antarctic islands with a total area of . They lie about north of the Antarctic Peninsula, and between southwest of the nearest point of the South Orkney Islands. By the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, the islands' sovereignty is neither recognized nor disputed by the signatories and they are free for use by any signatory for non-military purposes. The islands have been claimed by the United Kingdom since 1908 and as part of the British Antarctic Territory since 1962. They are also claimed by the governments of Chile (since 1940, as part of the Antártica Chilena province) and Argentina (since 1943, as part of Argentine Antarctica, Tierra del Fuego Province). Several countries maintain research stations on the islands. Most of them are situated on King George Island, benefitting from the airfield of the Chilean base Eduardo Frei. There are sixteen research stations in different parts of the islands, with Chilean stations being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antarctic Treaty System
russian: link=no, Договор об Антарктике es, link=no, Tratado Antártico , name = Antarctic Treaty System , image = Flag of the Antarctic Treaty.svgborder , image_width = 180px , caption = Flag of the Antarctic Treaty System , type = Condominium , date_drafted = , date_signed = December 1, 1959"Antarctic Treaty" in ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica''. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 439. , location_signed = Washington, D.C., United States , date_sealed = , date_effective = June 23, 1961 , condition_effective = Ratification of all 12 signatories , date_expiration = , signatories = 12 , parties = 55 , depositor = Federal government of the United States , languages = English, French, Russian, and Spanish , wikisource = Antarctic Treaty The Antarctic Treaty an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walker Bay
Walker Bay is a large bay located in the south-western Western Cape province of South Africa. It is the next major bay between False Bay near Cape Town and Cape Agulhas to the south-east. The bay is famous for having some of the best land based whale-watching in the world, which a town on its shores, Hermanus, has become famous for. Southern right whales visit the bay in the winter and spring months. Gansbaai on the shores of the bay has also become very famous for Great white shark diving. The shores adjacent to the bay are protected as part of the Walker Bay Nature Reserve, and the bay itself is a marine protected area in which most boating and fishing activity is prohibited. Wine An up-and-coming South African wine region with a cooler climate than most. This allows for good Pinot noir and Chardonnay Chardonnay (, , ) is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine. The variety originated in the Burgundy wine region of eastern French wine, Fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name ''Smolensk'', ) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical ''Terra Australis Incognita'' and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s. Geography Livingston Island is situated in West Antarctica northwest of Cape Roquemaurel on the Antarctic mainland, south-southeast of Cape Horn in South America, southeast of the Diego Ramírez Islands (the southernmost land of South America), due south of the Falkland Islands, southwest of South Georgia Islands, and from the South Pole.L. IvanovGeneral Geography and History of Livingston Island.In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaliman I Of Bulgaria
Kaliman Asen I, also known as Coloman Asen I or Koloman ( bg, Калиман Асен I; 1234-August/September 1246) was Emperor (Tsar) of Bulgaria from 1241 to 1246. He was the son of Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria and Anna Maria of Hungary. He was only seven when he succeeded his father in 1241. In the following years, the Mongols invaded Bulgaria and imposed a yearly tax on the country. He may have been poisoned, according to contemporaneous rumors about his death. Early life Kaliman was the son of Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria and Anna Maria of Hungary. He was born in 1234. His mother died before 1237, when his widowed father married Irene Komnene Doukaina. Ivan Asen also died in the first half of 1241. Reign Kaliman was only seven when he succeeded his father. Although no primary sources provide information about the government of the country during the minor monarch's reign, Bulgaria was obviously ruled by one or more regents. Historian Alexandru Madgearu proposes that Ivan Asen' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hannah Point
Hannah Point is a point on the south coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It forms the east side of the entrance to Walker Bay and the west side of the entrance to South Bay. Surmounted by Ustra Peak to the north, with Liverpool Beach extending between the peak and the tip of Hannah Point. Ice-free area ca. . The area was visited by early 19th century sealers frequenting nearby Johnsons Dock. The British base camp Station P on the east side of Hannah Point operated from 29 December 1957 until 15 March 1958. Among the birds that make their home here are the gentoo and macaroni penguins as well as kelp gulls. Southern giant petrels nest here as do blue-eyed shags, skuas, and snowy sheathbills. Southern elephant seals and Antarctic fur seals are among the larger life forms observed at the point. Hannah Point is one of the most popular Antarctic tourist sites frequented by cruise ships. The geographical feature is named after the British seal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bond Point
Bond Point is a small ice-free headland on the south coast of western Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica forming the northeast side of the entrance to Kavarna Cove. Linzipar Lake is situated at the point's base. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers. The feature is named after Captain Ralph Bond, Master of the British sealing vessel ''Hetty'' who operated in the South Shetlands in 1820-21 and provided Captain George Powell with descriptions of their south coasts for incorporation in his 1822 chart. Location The point is located at which is 3.1 km northeast of Elephant Point and 10.27 km west-southwest of Hannah Point Hannah Point is a point on the south coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It forms the east side of the entrance to Walker Bay and the west side of the entrance to South Bay. Surmounted by Ustra Peak to the nor ... (British mapping in 1822 and 1968, Chilean in 1971, Argentine in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snow Peak (Antarctica)
Snow Peak is a snow-covered peak rising to 428 m in western Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is linked by a saddle to Casanovas Peak in the west, and surmounts Berkovitsa Glacier to the northwest, Fletcher Nunatak and Belev Nunatak to the northeast, Tundzha Glacier to the east and Verila Glacier to the southwest. The feature was charted and named descriptively by Discovery Investigations personnel in 1935. Location The peak is located at which is 12.89 km northeast of Rotch Dome, 2.83 km east of Casanovas Peak, 2.92 km southwest of Avitohol Point and 7.04 km north-northwest of Ustra Peak Ustra Peak ( bg, връх Устра, vrah Ustra, ) is a rocky peak of 195 m on the coast of Walker Bay, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The peak was named after the medieval Bulgarian fortress of Ustra in the Easte ... (British mapping in 1935 and 1968, and Bulgarian in 2005 and 2009). Maps * L.L. Ivanov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tombolo
A tombolo is a sandy or shingle isthmus. A tombolo, from the Italian ', meaning 'pillow' or 'cushion', and sometimes translated incorrectly as ''ayre'' (an ayre is a shingle beach of any kind), is a deposition landform by which an island becomes attached to the mainland by a narrow piece of land such as a spit or bar. Once attached, the island is then known as a tied island. Several islands tied together by bars which rise above the water level are called a tombolo cluster. Two or more tombolos may form an enclosure (called a lagoon) that can eventually fill with sediment. Formation The shoreline moves toward the island (or detached breakwater) due to accretion of sand in the lee of the island, where wave energy and longshore drift are reduced and therefore deposition of sand occurs. Wave diffraction and refraction True tombolos are formed by wave refraction and diffraction. As waves near an island, they are slowed by the shallow water surrounding it. These waves th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Verila Glacier
Verila Glacier ( bg, ледник Верила, lednik Verila, ) on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is situated southeast of southern Etar Snowfield, southwest of Berkovitsa and Tundzha Glaciers, and west of Kamchiya Glacier. It is bounded by Rotch Dome to the west, Casanovas Peak and Snow Peak to the north, and Ustra Peak to the southeast. The glacier is roughly crescent-shaped, extending in an east-west direction and in a north-south direction, and drains southwards into Walker Bay, Bransfield Strait between John Beach and Liverpool Beach at Hannah Point. The glacier's bedrock is connected to Kaliman Island in Walker Bay by a 600 m long moraine tombolo. The area was visited by 19th century British and American sealers. The feature is named after Verila Mountain in Western Bulgaria. Location The glacier's exact midpoint is located at (Bulgarian mapping in 2005, 2009 and 2017). See also * List of glaciers in the Antarctic * Glaciology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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