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Jaya Simhavarman II
Jaya Simhavarman II (Chinese: 刑卜施離值星霞弗; pinyin: ''Xíng Bǔ Shīlí Zhíxīngxiáfú''), was a king of Champa, supposedly reigning from 1041 to 1044. He succeeded his father Shīlí Pílándéjiābámádié, perhaps Vikrantavarman IV (r. 1030–1041). In late 1042 he sent an envoy with tribute to the court of the Song dynasty. Simhavarman II might have met with serious trouble during his short-lived reign. From the north, king Ly Thai Tong of Dai Viet accused Cham king's alleging raid in Dai Viet territory, henceforth he provoked war against Champa. In January 1044, the Dai Viet made a landfall in the coastal Huế-Da Nang region from the sea. The northern raiders plundered cities, ravaging the region, then battled against a counter Cham army led by the Cham king (he may be known as king Sạ Đẩu in the 14th-century Vietnamese chronicle ''Đại Việt sử lược''). Unprepared, Simhavarman's army had been routed and himself was supposedly decapitated by the D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Champa
King of Champa is the title ruler of Champa. Champa rulers often use two Hinduist style titles: ''raja-di-raja'' ( " king of kings"; written here in Devanagari since the Cham used their own Cham script) or ''po-tana-raya'' ("lord of all territories"). The regnal name of the Champa rulers originated from the Hindu tradition, often consisting of titles and aliases. Titles (prefix) like: Jaya ( "victory"), Maha ( "great"), Sri ( "glory"). Aliases (stem) like: Bhadravarman, Vikrantavarman, Rudravarman, Simhavarman, Indravarman, Paramesvaravarman, Harivarman... Among them, the suffix -varman belongs to the Kshatriya class and is only for those leaders of the Champa Alliance. The last king of Champa was deposed by Minh Mạng in 1832.Quốc sử quán triều Nguyễn, Cao Xuân Dục (chủ biên) ''Quốc triều chánh biên toát yếu'', 1908, quyển III, trang 81. List of kings of Champa Lâm Ấp (Linyi) Chiêm Thành (Zhancheng) Panduranga See also * History of Cham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vikrantavarman IV
Vikrāntavarman IV (), was a king of Champa, allegedly reigning from 1030 to 1041. Pílándéjiābámádié succeeded after a king named Yang Pu Ku Sri (Chinese: 楊卜俱室離, pinyin: ''Yáng Bǔ Jù Shìlí''). In October 1030, Vikrantavarman IV sent a diplomatic delegation to the emperor of China, along with tributes of enormous amount of exotic putchuk (''Dolomiaea costus'' or Indian costus), turtle shells, frankincense, ivory, rhino horns. His reign was apparently struggling with hardship and nothing more is known about him. His succeeding son and crown prince was Jaya Simhavarman II Jaya Simhavarman II (Chinese: 刑卜施離值星霞弗; pinyin: ''Xíng Bǔ Shīlí Zhíxīngxiáfú''), was a king of Champa, supposedly reigning from 1041 to 1044. He succeeded his father Shīlí Pílándéjiābámádié, perhaps Vikrantavarman ... (r. 1041–1044). Notes References Bibliography * {{DEFAULTSORT:Vikrantavarman IV Kings of Champa 11th-century Vietnamese m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaya Paramesvaravarman I
Jaya Paramesvaravarman I (Chinese: 俱舍唎波微收羅婆麻提楊卜; pinyin: ''Jù shě(ī)lì Bōwēishōuluópómátí Yáng Bǔ''), personal name Īśvaramūrti, was a king of Champa, reigning from 1044 to 1060. He founded a dynasty that centralized around Nha Trang and Phan Rang, which would dominantly rule mandala Champa until 1074. After a shocking Vietnamese raid in northern Champa that quaked the kingdom and the ruling Jaya Simhavarman II supposedly died, a military commander born from a noble family of warrior traditions who had been vassals of precedent rulers, ascended the crown himself as Jaya Parameśvaravarman in 1044. This dynasty claimed to be descended from the mythical Uroja, also called Po Yan Ina Nagar. In the south, people of the Principality of Panduranga ( Ninh Thuận & Bình Thuận) revolted against Paramesvaravarman, because the Principality had selected a prince from Phan Rang to be the king of kings, and refused to recognize Paramesvaravarman's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Champa
Champa (Cham: ꨌꩌꨛꨩ; km, ចាម្ប៉ា; vi, Chiêm Thành or ) were a collection of independent Cham polities that extended across the coast of what is contemporary central and southern Vietnam from approximately the 2nd century AD until 1832, when it was annexed by the Vietnamese Empire under its emperor Minh Mạng. The kingdom was known variously as ''Nagaracampa'' ( sa, नगरचम्पः), ''Champa'' (ꨌꩌꨛꨩ) in modern Cham, and ''Châmpa'' () in the Khmer inscriptions, ''Chiêm Thành'' in Vietnamese and ''Zhànchéng'' (Mandarin: 占城) in Chinese records. The Kingdoms of Champa and the Chams contribute profound and direct impacts to the history of Vietnam, Southeast Asia, as well as their present day. Early Champa, evolved from local seafaring Austronesian Chamic Sa Huỳnh culture off the coast of modern-day Vietnam. The emergence of Champa at the late 2nd century AD shows testimony of early Southeast Asian statecrafting and crucial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Language
Chinese (, especially when referring to written Chinese) is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in Greater China. About 1.3 billion people (or approximately 16% of the world's population) speak a variety of Chinese as their first language. Chinese languages form the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages family. The spoken varieties of Chinese are usually considered by native speakers to be variants of a single language. However, their lack of mutual intelligibility means they are sometimes considered separate languages in a family. Investigation of the historical relationships among the varieties of Chinese is ongoing. Currently, most classifications posit 7 to 13 main regional groups based on phonetic developments from Middle Chinese, of which the most spoken by far is Mandarin (with about 800 million speakers, or 66%), followed by Min (75 million, e.g. Southern Min), Wu (74 million, e.g. Shangh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinyin
Hanyu Pinyin (), often shortened to just pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Mandarin Chinese in China, and to some extent, in Singapore and Malaysia. It is often used to teach Mandarin, normally written in Chinese form, to learners already familiar with the Latin alphabet. The system includes four diacritics denoting tones, but pinyin without tone marks is used to spell Chinese names and words in languages written in the Latin script, and is also used in certain computer input methods to enter Chinese characters. The word ' () literally means "Han language" (i.e. Chinese language), while ' () means "spelled sounds". The pinyin system was developed in the 1950s by a group of Chinese linguists including Zhou Youguang and was based on earlier forms of romanizations of Chinese. It was published by the Chinese Government in 1958 and revised several times. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) adopted pinyin as an international standard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Song Dynasty
The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest of the Ten Kingdoms, ending the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The Song often came into conflict with the contemporaneous Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasties in northern China. After retreating to southern China, the Song was eventually conquered by the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The dynasty is divided into two periods: Northern Song and Southern Song. During the Northern Song (; 960–1127), the capital was in the northern city of Bianjing (now Kaifeng) and the dynasty controlled most of what is now Eastern China. The Southern Song (; 1127–1279) refers to the period after the Song lost control of its northern half to the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in the Jin–Song Wars. At that time, the Song court retreated south of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ly Thai Tong
LY or ly may refer to: Government and politics * Libya (ISO 3166-1 country code LY) * Lý dynasty, a Vietnamese dynasty * Labour Youth of Ireland * Legislative Yuan, the unicameral legislature of the Republic of China (Taiwan) Science and technology * .ly, the Top-level domain for Libya * .ly, the default filetype extension of the GNU LilyPond sheet music format * Light-year, the ''distance'' that light travels in one year in a vacuum * Langley (unit), a unit of energy distribution over a given area Other uses * Lý (Vietnamese surname), a Vietnamese surname * Ly the Fairy, a character from ''Rayman 2: The Great Escape'' * '' -ly'', an adjectival and adverbial suffix in English * Hungarian ly, or ''elipszilon'', a digraph in the Hungarian alphabet * El Al (IATA airline designator LY) See also * * light year (other) * YL (other) A substituent is one or a group of atoms that replaces (one or more) atoms, thereby becoming a moiety in the resultant (ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dai Viet
Dai may refer to: Names * Dai (given name), a Welsh or Japanese masculine given name * Dai (surname) (戴), a Chinese surname Places and regimes * Dai Commandery, a commandery of the state of Zhao and in early imperial China * Dai County, in Xinzhou, Shanxi, China * Dai (Eighteen Kingdoms), a short-lived state during the Eighteen Kingdoms period in Chinese history * Dai (Han dynasty), a realm and title during the Han dynasty * Dai (Sixteen Kingdoms), a Xianbei-led dynastic state during the Sixteen Kingdoms era of Chinese history * Dai (Spring and Autumn period), a state during the Spring and Autumn period in Chinese history * Dai (Warring States period), a short-lived state during the Warring States period in Chinese history People and language * Da'i al-Mutlaq or Da'i, a type of religious leader in Islam * Da'i, person engageing in Dawah, the act of inviting people to Islam * Dai language (other) * Dai people, an ethnic minority of China * Dai (Yindu), or Daai Chin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huế
Huế () is the capital of Thừa Thiên Huế province in central Vietnam and was the capital of Đàng Trong from 1738 to 1775 and of Vietnam during the Nguyễn dynasty from 1802 to 1945. The city served as the old Imperial City and administrative capital for the Nguyễn dynasty and later functioned as the administrative capital of the protectorate of Annam during the French Indochina period. It contains a UNESCO-designated site, the Complex of Huế Monuments, which is a popular tourist attraction. Alongside its moat and thick stone walls the complex encompasses the Imperial City of Huế, with palaces and shrines; the Forbidden Purple City, once the emperor's home; and a replica of the Royal Theater. Nearly 4.2 million visitors had visited the city in 2019 and many of its historic landmarks are still undergoing restoration. History The oldest ruins in Hue belong to the Kingdom of Lam Ap, dating back to the 4th century AD. The ruins of its capital, the ancient ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Da Nang
Nang or DanangSee also Danang Dragons ( ; vi, Đà Nẵng, ) is a class-1 municipality and the fifth-largest city in Vietnam by municipal population. It lies on the coast of the East Sea of Vietnam at the mouth of the Hàn River, and is one of Vietnam's most important port cities. As one of the country's five direct-controlled municipalities, it falls under the administration of the central government. Da Nang is the commercial and educational centre of Central Vietnam and is the largest city in the region. It has a well-sheltered, easily accessible port, and its location on National Route 1 and the North–South Railway makes it a transport hub. It is within of several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the Imperial City of Huế, the Old Town of Hội An, and the Mỹ Sơn ruins. The city was known as during early Đại Việt settlement, and as (or ''Turon'') during French colonial rule. Before 1997, the city was part of Quang Nam - Da Nang Province. On 1 Janua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Đại Việt Sử Lược
The ''Đại Việt sử lược'' ( vi-hantu, 大越史略; lit. ''Abridged Chronicles of Đại Việt'') or ''Việt sử lược'' ( vi-hantu, 越史略; lit. ''Abridged Chronicles of Viet'') is an historical text that was compiled during the Trần Dynasty. The 3-volume book was finished around 1377 and covered the history of Vietnam from the reign of Triệu Đà to the collapse of the Lý Dynasty. During the Fourth Chinese domination of Vietnam, the book, together with almost all official records of the Trần Dynasty, was taken away to China and subsequently collected in the '' Siku Quanshu''. ''Đại Việt sử lược'' is considered the earliest chronicles about the history of Vietnam that remains today. History of compilation The exact date of the compilation of ''Đại Việt sử lược'' was unknown but due to the last record of the book, which was the era name of Trần Phế Đế, the compilation was likely finished around 1377. The author of the book ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
