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Julien Benda
Julien Benda (26 December 1867 – 7 June 1956) was a French philosopher and novelist, known as an essayist and cultural critic. He is best known for his short book, ''La Trahison des Clercs'' from 1927 (''The Treason of the Intellectuals'' or ''The Betrayal by the Intellectuals''). Life Born into a Jewish family in Paris, Benda had a secular upbringing. He was educated at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand. After a period at the École Centrale Paris, he turned to history, and graduated at the Sorbonne in 1894. His father's death in 1889 left Benda independently wealthy. He wrote for '' La Revue Blanche'' from 1891 to 1903. His articles on the Dreyfus affair were collected and published as ''Dialogues''. He disagreed strongly with Henri Bergson, the leading light of French philosophy of his day, and launched an attack on him in 1911, when Bergson's reputation was at its height. In July 1937 he attended the Second International Writers' Congress, the purpose of which was to discuss th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cultural Critic
A cultural critic is a critic of a given culture, usually as a whole. Cultural criticism has significant overlap with social and cultural theory. While such criticism is simply part of the self-consciousness of the culture, the social positions of the critics and the medium they use vary widely. The conceptual and political grounding of criticism also changes over time. Terminology Contemporary usage has tended to include all types of criticism directed at culture. The term "cultural criticism" itself has been claimed by Jacques Barzun: ''No such thing was recognized or in favour when we .e. Barzun and Trillingbegan—more by intuition than design—in the autumn of 1934''. It has been argued that in the inter-war period, the language of literary criticism was adequate for the needs of cultural critics; but that later it mainly served academe. Alan Trachtenberg's ''Critics of Culture'' (1976) concentrated on American intellectuals of the 1920s who were "nonacademic" (incl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Guéhenno
Jean Guéhenno born Marcel-Jules-Marie Guéhenno (25 March 1890 – 22 September 1978) was a French essayist, writer and literary critic. Life and career Jean Guéhenno, writer and educator, was a prominent contributor to the NRF. He was editor-in-chief of the literary journal ''Europe'' from 1929 until May 1936. Guéhenno wrote one novel, ''The Dead Youth'', based on his memories of World War I. During the Nazi occupation of France, Guéhenno refused to publish, believing to do so would be collaboration. Instead, he kept a secret journal, chronicling the infringement by the Vichy government of traditional French rights and values, and his own efforts on behalf of the Resistance. This was published in France in 1947. The first English translation of the journal, by David Ball, was published in 2014 under the title ''Diary of the Dark Years, 1940–1944''. According to the translator's introduction, it is "the book French readers have turned to most readily for an account of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Gottlieb Fichte
Johann Gottlieb Fichte (; ; 19 May 1762 – 29 January 1814) was a German philosopher who became a founding figure of the philosophical movement known as German idealism, which developed from the theoretical and ethical writings of Immanuel Kant. Recently, philosophers and scholars have begun to appreciate Fichte as an important philosopher in his own right due to his original insights into the nature of self-consciousness or self-awareness. Fichte was also the originator of '' thesis–antithesis–synthesis'',"Review of '' Aenesidemus''""Rezension des Aenesidemus" ', 11–12 February 1794). Trans. Daniel Breazeale. In (See also: ''FTP'', p. 46; Breazeale 1980–81, pp. 545–68; Breazeale and Rockmore 1994, p. 19; Breazeale 2013, pp. 36–37; Waibel, Breazeale, Rockmore 2010, p. 157: "Fichte believes that the I must be grasped as the ''unity'' of synthesis and analysis.") an idea that is often erroneously attributed to Hegel. Like Descartes and Kant before him, Fichte was mot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Seductive Lure Of Authoritarianism
''Twilight of Democracy: The Seductive Lure of Authoritarianism'' is a 2020 book by Anne Applebaum that discusses democratic decline and the rise of right-wing populist politics with authoritarian tendencies, with three main case studies: Poland, the United Kingdom and the United States. The book also includes a discussion of Hungary. Appelbaum's analysis focuses in particular on the intellectuals, whom she labels "clercs", who provide the intellectual justifications for a descent into authoritarianism. Content Applebaum, an American journalist who lives partly in Poland, opens the book with a 1999 party she held in Poland, attended by center-right proponents of democracy and " free-market liberal sm, from which she traces the evolution of the attendees to the modern day. According to Applebaum, over the years some of the attendees came to embrace right-wing populism and authoritarianism (with some even promoting antisemitic conspiracy theories), while others continued to be d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anne Appelbaum
Anne Elizabeth Applebaum (born July 25, 1964) is an American journalist and historian. She has written extensively about the history of Communism and the development of civil society in Central and Eastern Europe. She has worked at ''The Economist'' and ''The Spectator'', and was a member of the editorial board of ''The Washington Post'' (2002–2006). Applebaum won the Pulitzer Prize in 2004 for '' Gulag: A History'' published the previous year. She is a staff writer for ''The Atlantic'' and a senior fellow at The Agora Institute at Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. Early life and education Applebaum was born in Washington, D.C. Applebaum has stated that she was brought up in a "very reformed" Jewish family. Her ancestors came to America from what is now Belarus. She graduated from the Sidwell Friends School (1982). Applebaum earned a Bachelor of Arts, '' summa cum laude'', in history and literature from Yale University, where she attended t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classical Civilization
Classical antiquity (also the classical era, classical period or classical age) is the period of cultural history between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD centred on the Mediterranean Sea, comprising the interlocking civilizations of ancient Greece and ancient Rome known as the Greco-Roman world. It is the period in which both Greek and Roman societies flourished and wielded huge influence throughout much of Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. Conventionally, it is taken to begin with the earliest-recorded Epic Greek poetry of Homer (8th–7th-century BC), and continues through the emergence of Christianity (1st century AD) and the fall of the Western Roman Empire (5th-century AD). It ends with the decline of classical culture during late antiquity (250–750), a period overlapping with the Early Middle Ages (600–1000). Such a wide span of history and territory covers many disparate cultures and periods. ''Classical antiquity'' may also refer to an idealized vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maurice Barrès
Auguste-Maurice Barrès (; 19 August 1862 – 4 December 1923) was a French novelist, journalist and politician. Spending some time in Italy, he became a figure in French literature with the release of his work ''The Cult of the Self'' in 1888. In politics, he was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies (France), Chamber of Deputies in 1889 as a Georges Boulanger, Boulangist and would play a prominent political role for the rest of his life. Barrès was associated in his literary works with Symbolism (arts), Symbolism, a movement which had equivalence with British Aestheticism and Italian Decadent movement, Decadentism; indeed he was a close associate of Gabriele d'Annunzio representing the latter. As the name of his trilogy suggests, his works glorified a humanistic love of the self and he also flirted with occult mysticisms in his youth. The Dreyfus affair saw an ideological shift from a liberal individualism rooted in the French Revolution to a more organic and traditional c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Maurras
Charles-Marie-Photius Maurras (; ; 20 April 1868 – 16 November 1952) was a French author, politician, poet, and critic. He was an organizer and principal philosopher of ''Action Française'', a political movement that is monarchist, anti-parliamentarist, and counter-revolutionary. Maurras also held anti-communist, anti-masonic, anti-protestant, and anti-Semitic views, though he was highly critical of Nazism, referring to it as "stupidity". His ideas greatly influenced National Catholicism and integral nationalism, with a major tenet of his views being that "a true nationalist places his country above everything". Raised Catholic, Maurras went deaf and became an agnostic in his youth, but remained anti-secularist and politically supportive of the Church. His ideas were opposed by Pope Pius XI, but received mixed to positive reception from Pius X, Billot, and Pius XII. An Orléanist, he began his career by writing literary criticism and became politically active during the Dre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roger Kimball
Roger Kimball (born 1953) is an American art critic and conservative social commentator. He is the editor and publisher of ''The New Criterion'' and the publisher of Encounter Books. Kimball first gained notice in the early 1990s with the publication of his book ''Tenured Radicals: How Politics Has Corrupted Higher Education''. He currently serves on the board of the Manhattan Institute, and as a Visitor of Ralston College, a start-up liberal arts college based in Savannah, Georgia. He is Chairman of the William F. Buckley, Jr. Program in New Haven and has also served on the Board of Visitors of St. John's College (Annapolis and Santa Fe) and the board of Transaction Publishers. On May 7, 2019, he was awarded the Bradley Prize in Washington, D.C. On September 12, 2019, he was awarded the Thomas L. Phillips Career Achievement Award from The Fund for American Studies. Early life and education Kimball was educated at Cheverus High School, a Jesuit institution in Portland, Maine, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Aldington
Richard Aldington (8 July 1892 – 27 July 1962), born Edward Godfree Aldington, was an English writer and poet, and an early associate of the Imagist movement. He was married to the poet Hilda Doolittle (H. D.) from 1911 to 1938. His 50-year writing career covered poetry, novels, criticism and biography. He edited '' The Egoist'', a literary journal, and wrote for '' The Times Literary Supplement'', ''Vogue'', ''The Criterion'' and '' Poetry''. His biography of ''Wellington'' (1946) won him the James Tait Black Memorial Prize. His contacts included writers T. S. Eliot, D. H. Lawrence, Ezra Pound, W. B. Yeats, Lawrence Durrell, C. P. Snow, and others. He championed Hilda Doolittle as the major poetic voice of the Imagist movement and helped her work gain international notice. Early life and marriage Aldington was born in Portsmouth, the eldest of four children and the son of a solicitor. Both his parents wrote and published books, and their home held a large library of Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Léon Hennique
Léon Hennique (4 November 1850 – 25 December 1935) was a French naturalistic novelist and playwright. Life Léon Hennique was born in Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe, the son of the naval infantry officer Agathon Hennique. He studied painting, but after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 devoted himself to literature and became a naturalistic novelist and dramatist. He was a friend of Émile Zola, but broke with him over the Dreyfus Affair. He died in Paris on 25 December 1935 and is buried at Ribemont.Bertrand Beyern, ''Guide des tombes d'hommes célèbres'', Le Cherche midi, 2011, 385 p. (, p. 14online version His daughter was the symbolist poet Nicolette Hennique. Works Novels * ''La Dévouée'' (1878) * ''L'Accident de M. Hébert'' (1883) * ''Pœuf'' (1887) * ''Un Caractère'' (1889) * ''Minnie Brandon'' (1899) Novellas * ''Deux Nouvelles'' (1881) n English translation: ''Two Novellas: Francine Cloarec's Funeral & Benjamin Rozes''; Sunny Lou Publishing, , 2021. Pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Savignon
André Savignon (1 January 1878 – 10 January 1947) was a French author. Life Savignon was born to (Eugène) Michel Savignon and (Louise) Isabelle Varanguien de Villepin in Tarbes, Hautes-Pyrénées. He married Marie-Josèphe Monzelun on 29 July 1902 in Paris. Between 1908 and 1914 he made numerous trips to England, particularly to Plymouth. After World War I, he moved to St Malo (Ille et Vilaine, France). On 27 September 1919 he married Berthe Desgranges at Ambérac (Charentes, France). He left no descendants from either of his marriages. Career A writer, he won the Prix Goncourt in 1912 with his novel ''Les filles de la pluie'', describing the daily life in Ouessant Island. His other books include: * Une femme dans chaque port; * Le secret des eaux; * La tristesse d'Elsie; * La dame de la Ste Alice; * Tous les trois; * St Malo nid de corsaires. André Savignon was a Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur. Working as a reporter for various newspapers, he continued to vis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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