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Jules De Christol
Jules de Christol (25 August 1802 – 25 June 1861) was a French paleontologist and geologist who identified the fossil horse ancestor ''Hipparion''. He was among the first French zoologists to suggest the existence of human remains that were "antediluvian", older than the supposed Biblical flood, contrary to the dominant view of earth history at the time. De Christol was born in Montepellier and became a student of Marcel de Serres, a professor at Montpellier. In 1828 he discovered human remains and pottery in Souvignargues alongside remains of rhino, bear, and hyena bones. He then suggested the existence of humans alongside animals that were traditionally supposed to have gone extinct after the Biblical flood, a view supported by the dominant French zoologists of the time like Georges Cuvier. His idea was however supported by William Buckland who visited him during the digs in Lunel-Viel. He saw similar remains in 1829 in a cave in Pondres digging along with Dumas Emilien. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hipparion
''Hipparion'' (Greek, "pony") is an extinct genus of horse that lived in North America, Asia, Europe, and Africa during the Miocene through Pleistocene ~23 Mya—781,000 years ago. It lived in non-forested, grassy plains, shortgrass prairie or steppes. Morphology ''Hipparion'' resembled the modern horse, but still had two vestigial outer toes (in addition to its hoof The hoof (plural: hooves) is the tip of a toe of an ungulate mammal, which is covered and strengthened with a thick and horny keratin covering. Artiodactyls are even-toed ungulates, species whose feet have an even number of digits, yet the rumin ...). In some species, these outer toes were functional. ''Hipparion'' was about tall at the shoulder. Species References {{Taxonbar, from=Q971275 Cenozoic mammals of Asia Cenozoic mammals of North America Miocene horses Pliocene horses Pleistocene horses Miocene genus first appearances Pleistocene genus extinctions Cenozoic mammals of Europe Cenozoic ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antediluvian
The antediluvian (alternatively pre-diluvian or pre-flood) period is the time period chronicled in the Bible between the fall of man and the Genesis flood narrative in biblical cosmology. The term was coined by Thomas Browne. The narrative takes up chapters 1–6 (excluding the flood narrative) of the Book of Genesis. The term found its way into early geology and science until the late Victorian era. Colloquially, the term is used to refer to any ancient and murky period. Precedents The Sumerian flood myth is alleged to be the direct mythological antecessor to the biblical flood record as well as other Near Eastern flood stories, and reflects a similar religious and cultural relevance to their religion. Much as the Abrahamic religions, ancient Sumerians divided the world between pre-flood and post-flood eras, the former being a time where the gods walked the earth with humans. After the flood, humans ceased to be immortal and the gods distanced themselves. Timing the antediluv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montpellier
Montpellier (, , ; oc, Montpelhièr ) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. One of the largest urban centres in the region of Occitania (administrative region), Occitania, Montpellier is the prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Hérault. In 2018, 290,053 people lived in the city, while its Functional area (France), metropolitan area had a population of 787,705.Comparateur de territoire INSEE, retrieved 20 June 2022. The inhabitants are called Montpelliérains. In the Middle Ages, Montpellier was an important city of the Crown of Aragon (and was the birthplace of James I of Aragon, James I), and then of Kingdom of Majorca, Majorca, before its sale to France in 1349. Established in 1220, the University of Montpellier is one of the List of oldest univ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Toussaint Marcel De Serres De Mesplès
Pierre Toussaint Marcel de Serres de Mesplès (3 November 1780 – 22 July 1862 in Montpellier), also known as Marcel de Serres, was a French caver, geologist and naturalist. Biography Professor of mineralogy and geology in the faculty of science at Montpellier University from 1809. He occupied this university chair for 53 years. His professional interests included the human and animal fossils of the caves of the south of France. At his end he contributed to the French state a large number of fossils of the region Languedoc. He was contemporary with Cuvier (either '' Frédéric'' or '' Georges'' ).MEMOIR ON THE QUESTION – WHETHER ANY LAND MAMMALS HAVE CEASED TO EXIST SINCE MAN'S FORMATION ; AND WHETHER MAN HAS BEEN CONTEMPORAOUS WITH SPECIES NOW LOST OR APPEARING NO LONGER TO HAVE REPRESENTATIVES ON THE EARTH ? (pp. 160–175 and 285–289 of Robert Jameson, Royal Society of Edinburgh, Wernerian Natural History Society The Wernerian Natural History Society ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Souvignargues
Souvignargues (; oc, Sauvinhargues) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France. Population Sights *Remains of the feudal castle (13th-14th centuries) *Church of St. Stephen (''Saint-Étienne d'Escattes''), at Escattes, dating to the 12th century. *Ruined Romanesque church of St. Andrew (12th century) *Grotto of Bézal, inhabited from the mid-Palaeolithic Age See also *Communes of the Gard department This is a list of the 351 Communes of France, communes of the Gard Departments of France, department of France. The communes cooperate in the following Communes of France#Intercommunality, intercommunalities (as of 2020): References Communes of Gard {{Gard-geo-stub ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Cuvier
Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, Baron Cuvier (; 23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier, was a French natural history, naturalist and zoology, zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology". Cuvier was a major figure in natural sciences research in the early 19th century and was instrumental in establishing the fields of comparative anatomy and paleontology through his work in comparing living animals with fossils. Cuvier's work is considered the foundation of vertebrate paleontology, and he expanded Linnaean taxonomy by grouping classes into phylum, phyla and incorporating both fossils and living species into the classification. Cuvier is also known for establishing extinction as a fact—at the time, extinction was considered by many of Cuvier's contemporaries to be merely controversial speculation. In his ''Essay on the Theory of the Earth'' (1813) Cuvier proposed that now-extinct species had been wiped out by periodic catastrophi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Buckland
William Buckland Doctor of Divinity, DD, Royal Society, FRS (12 March 1784 – 14 August 1856) was an English theologian who became Dean of Westminster. He was also a geologist and paleontology, palaeontologist. Buckland wrote the first full account of a fossil dinosaur, which he named ''Megalosaurus''. His work proved that Kirkdale Cave in North Yorkshire had been a prehistoric hyena den, for which he was awarded the Copley Medal. It was praised as an example of how scientific analysis could reconstruct distant events. He pioneered the use of fossilised Feces, faeces in reconstructing ecosystems, coining the term coprolites. Buckland followed the Gap creationism, Gap Theory in interpreting the biblical account of ''Genesis'' as two widely separated episodes of creation. It had emerged as a way to reconcile the scriptural account with discoveries in geology suggesting the earth was very old. Early in his career Buckland believed he had found evidence of the Deluge myth, biblic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lunel-Viel
Lunel-Viel (; oc, Lunèl Vièlh, literally: "old Lunel") is a commune in the Hérault department in southern France. Lunel-Viel station has rail connections to Narbonne, Montpellier and Avignon. Population See also *Communes of the Hérault department The following is a list of the 342 communes of the Hérault department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):Communes of Hérault {{Hérault-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dumas Emilien
Dumas may refer to: Places * Dumas, Arkansas, United States, a city *Dumas, Mississippi, United States, a town * Dumas, Missouri, United States, an unincorporated community * Dumas, Texas, United States, a city *Mount Dumas, a mountain on Campbell Island, New Zealand *Dumas Beach, a beach southwest of Surat, Gujarat, India *9059 Dumas, an asteroid People * Dumas (surname) * Dumas (musician) (born 1979), Canadian singer born Steve Dumas * Dumas Malone (1892–1986), Pulitzer Prize-winning American historian, biographer, and editor * Dumas or Dumarsais Simeus (born 1939), Haitian-born American businessman who ran for president of Haiti * Alexandre Dumas (1802–1870) French author and aristocrat. Fictional characters * Dumas (''Kiba''), a character in the Japanese anime ''Kiba'' *Duke Dumas, ruler of the vampires in the video game ''Lunar Knights'' * Dumas, a DC Comics character in the Manhunter comics Other uses *Dumas High School, a high school in Arkansas * Dumas Broth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equidae
Equidae (sometimes known as the horse family) is the taxonomic family of horses and related animals, including the extant horses, asses, and zebras, and many other species known only from fossils. All extant species are in the genus '' Equus'', which originated in North America. Equidae belongs to the order Perissodactyla, which includes the extant tapirs and rhinoceros, and several extinct families. The term equid refers to any member of this family, including any equine. Evolution The oldest known fossils assigned to Equidae were found in North America, and date from the early Eocene epoch, 54 million years ago. They were once assigned to the genus ''Hyracotherium'', but the type species of that genus is now regarded as a palaeothere. The other species have been split off into different genera. These early equids were fox-sized animals with three toes on the hind feet, and four on the front feet. They were herbivorous browsers on relatively soft plants, and already adapte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dijon
Dijon (, , ) (dated) * it, Digione * la, Diviō or * lmo, Digion is the prefecture of the Côte-d'Or department and of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in northeastern France. the commune had a population of 156,920. The earliest archaeological finds within the city limits of Dijon date to the Neolithic period. Dijon later became a Roman settlement named ''Divio'', located on the road between Lyon and Paris. The province was home to the Dukes of Burgundy from the early 11th until the late 15th centuries, and Dijon became a place of tremendous wealth and power, one of the great European centres of art, learning, and science. The city has retained varied architectural styles from many of the main periods of the past millennium, including Capetian, Gothic, and Renaissance. Many still-inhabited town-houses in the city's central district date from the 18th century and earlier. Dijon's architecture is distinguished by, among other things, '' toits bourguignons'' (Burgu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legion Of Honour
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon, Napoleon Bonaparte, it has been retained (with occasional slight alterations) by all later French governments and regimes. The order's motto is ' ("Honour and Fatherland"); its Seat (legal entity), seat is the Palais de la Légion d'Honneur next to the Musée d'Orsay, on the left bank of the Seine in Paris. The order is divided into five degrees of increasing distinction: ' (Knight), ' (Officer), ' (Commander (order), Commander), ' (Grand Officer) and ' (Grand Cross). History Consulate During the French Revolution, all of the French Order of chivalry, orders of chivalry were abolished and replaced with Weapons of Honour. It was the wish of Napoleon, Napoleon Bonaparte, the French Consulate, First Consul, to create a reward to commend c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
