|
João Da Costa Tavares
João da Costa TavaresPart 4: Regime of Occupation“ (PDF; 563 kB) from the "Chega!" -Report CAVR (English) (6 April 1931 – 8 June 2009) was the Commander-in-Chief of the pro-Indonesian Militia in . He was also a pro-integration militiamen. Profile Tavares came from a wealthy family.[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suharto
Suharto (8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian Officer (armed forces), military officer and politician, and dictator, who was the second and longest serving president of Indonesia, serving from 1967 to 1998. His 32 years rule, characterised as authoritarian and kleptocratic, was marked by widespread corruption, political repression, and human rights abuses. Suharto's regime Fall of Suharto, ultimately collapsed in 1998 amid May 1998 riots of Indonesia, mass protests, violent unrest, and the fallout of the 1997 Asian financial crisis, leading to his resignation. Suharto was born in Kemusuk, near the city of Yogyakarta, during the Dutch East Indies, Dutch colonial era. He grew up in humble circumstances. His Javanese people, Javanese Muslim parents divorced not long after his birth, and he lived with foster parents for much of his childhood. During the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Japanese occupation, Suharto served in the Japanese-organized Indones ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Timor
West Timor () is an area covering the western part of the island of Timor, except for the district of Oecussi-Ambeno (an East Timorese exclave). Administratively, West Timor is part of East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. The capital as well as its main port is Kupang. During the colonial period, the area was named Dutch Timor and was a centre of Dutch loyalists during the Indonesian National Revolution (1945–1949). From 1949 to 1975 it was named Indonesian Timor. The total area of West Timor is , including offshore islands. The highest peaks are Mount Mutis, above sea level, and Mount Lakaan, above sea level. The main languages of West Timor are Dawan, Marae and Tetun, as well as several other languages, such as Kemak, Bunak and Helong, are also used in Timor-Leste. The other three languages which are only used in the local area of the Austronesian language group from the Fabron branches are Ndao, Rote and Sabu. The most populous cities and towns are Kupang City wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belu Regency
Belu Regency is a regency in East Nusa Tenggara province of Indonesia. Situated on the north side of Timor island, it originally stretched to the south coast, but in December 2012 its southern half was detached to form the new Malaka Regency. It now adjoins the North Central Timor Regency to the west, the new Malaka Regency to the south, and the separate nation of East Timor to the east, while to the north lies the Sawu Sea. Established on 20 December 1958, Belu Regency has its seat (capital) in the large town of Atambua, which lies inland from the coastal port of Atapupu (in Kakuluk Mesak District). Etymology "Belu" means "friend" in the indigenous language of Tetum. Economy The economy of Belu Regency is primarily based on agriculture, with the cultivation of crops such as maize, rice, and various fruits being central to local livelihoods. Additionally, livestock farming, particularly cattle and goats, plays a significant role in the region's economy. The coastal areas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Special Panels For Serious Crimes (East Timor)
The Special Panels for Serious Crimes (also called the East Timor Tribunal) was the hybrid international–East Timorese tribunal that was created in 2000 by the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) to try cases of "serious criminal offences" which took place in East Timor in 1999. The Special Panels sat from 2000 to 2006. Mandate The Special Courts were mandated by the Special Representative of the UN Secretary General to try the following categories of crimes: * Genocide * War crimes * Crimes against humanity * Murder * Sexual offences * Torture To be eligible for investigation in front of the Special Panels the alleged crimes had to be committed in Timor-Leste or by/against a citizen of Timor Leste. Structure Until 2003, there was generally only one panel of the court. In 2003, a second and a third panel were organised. Each of the panels was composed of two international judges and one East Timorese judge. International judges came from Brazil, Bur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maliana
Maliana is a city in East Timor, 149 kilometers southwest of Dili, the national capital. It has a population of 22,000. It is the capital of the Districts of East Timor, district of Bobonaro District, Bobonaro and Maliana Subdistrict, and is located just a few kilometers from the border with Indonesia. It is also the see city of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Maliana, which was formed by Pope Benedict XVI with territory taken from the Roman Catholic Diocese of Dili. Maliana an important agriculture sector, especially rice production. The majority of Maliana's population is heavily dependent on agriculture for their livelihoods, this is because rice became the preferred staple food among many Timorese. Most of the population are farmers cultivating rice and maize. During Indonesian occupation, Maliana became a rice barn town to support other districts in East Timor, and export to other places in Western Timor of Indonesia. Maliana has seven villages consisting of Lahomea, Holsa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian National Armed Forces
The Indonesian National Armed Forces (; abbreviated as TNI) are the military forces of the Republic of Indonesia. It consists of the Indonesian Army, Army (''TNI-AD''), Indonesian Navy, Navy (''TNI-AL''), and Indonesian Air Force, Air Force (''TNI-AU''). The President of Indonesia is the Commander-in-chief#Indonesia, Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. , it comprises approximately 400,000 military personnel including the Indonesian Marine Corps (), which is a branch of the Navy. Initially formed with the name of the People's Security Army (TKR), then later changed to the Republic of Indonesia Army (TRI) before changing again its name to the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) to the present. The Indonesian Armed Forces were formed during the Indonesian National Revolution, when it undertook a guerrilla war along with informal militia. As a result of this, and the need to maintain internal security, the Armed forces including the Army, Navy, and Air Force has been organised ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liquiçá Church Massacre
The Liquiçá Church massacre was a mass-killing that occurred in April 1999, during East Timor's bid for independence. It was the first case to be heard by the Second Special Panel. Events and aftermath During the event, up to some 200 East Timorese people were murdered at the Liquica priest's house next to the local Catholic church. The event left many witnesses, including the local Catholic Priest, Raphael dos Santos. The total number of victims at the hands of pro-Indonesia militias (primarily the Besi Merah Putih) and Indonesian soldiers and police in Liquica has never been fully determined, ranging from a low of five claimed by Indonesia, to more than 200 by local sources. The crime was first investigated by Australian diplomats at the invitation of the Indonesian Government, but the report wasn't released until 2001. Later it was investigated by a team of International Police which became known as the UNTAET Crime Scene Detachment, serving under the United Nation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1999 East Timorese Independence Referendum
An independence referendum was held in Indonesian-occupied East Timor (province), East Timor on 30 August 1999, organised by United Nations Mission in East Timor. The referendum's origins lay with the request made by the President of Indonesia, B. J. Habibie, to the United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan on 27 January 1999, for the United Nations to hold a referendum, whereby East Timor would be given choice of either greater autonomy within Indonesia or East Timor independence, independence. Voters rejected the proposed special autonomy, leading to their separation from Indonesia. This led to mass violence and the destruction of infrastructure in East Timor, before the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1264, UN Security Council ratified the resolution on 15 September for the formation of a multinational force (International Force for East Timor, INTERFET) to be immediately sent to East Timor to restore order and security and end the humanitarian crisis. East Timo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Carrascalão
Manuel Guterres Viegas Carrascalão (Atauro, 16 December 1933 – Dili, 11 July 2009) was an Indonesian parliamentarian and prominent East Timorese independence leader. The Carrascalão family is of mestiço ancestry; On 22 May 1952, at the age of 18, he was made Knight of the Order of Entrepreneurial Merit. He became one of the prominent figures in the popular self-determination consultation in 1999, to the point that his house was attacked by the Aitarack militias, under the command of Eurico Guterres, an opponent of Maubere independence. Twelve of the members killed during the massacre at his house were exhumed by the UNTAET Crime Scene Detachment in early 2000, in Maubara. Along with the Liquica Church Massacre, the attack at Manuel Carrascalão's house was of the "ten priority investigations" of the Serious Crimes Unit. During the attack at his residence in Lecidere, Dili, on 17 April 1999, his son Manelito Carrascalão, age 17, and a hundred other refugees, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aitarak
Aitarak (Tetun for ' thorn') was the name of a pro-Indonesia militia group in East Timor during the late 1990s. On April 17, 1999, the group conducted 12 murders at the Manuel Carrascalão House massacre in Dili. That same month members took part in the Liquiçá Church massacre. At its height, the group was led by Eurico Guterres. History In 1999, following the autonomy referendum, during which East Timor citizens voted to separate from Indonesia and become independent, Indonesian military forces began a slow withdrawal from East Timor. In the course of this, they practiced what is referred to as the Timor-Leste Scorched Earth campaign, burning and destroying everything in their path. They were assisted greatly in this by East Timorese pro-Indonesian militias. The militia groups for each district of East Timor were even more ruthless than the Indonesian military in most cases. Often, they knew their victims, and in many well-documented cases they had known their victims their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurico Guterres
Eurico Barros Gomes Guterres (born 4 July 1969) is an Indonesian anti-Timorese independence militiaman who was recruited by the Indonesian military during East Timor's bid for independence between 1999 and 2000. He was involved in several massacres in East Timor, and was a chief militia leader during the post-independence massacres and destruction of the capital Dili. Indonesia officially convicted and sentenced Guterres to ten years imprisonment in November 2002, for which he was incarcerated in 2006 until 2008. In August 2003 he formed ''Laskar Merah Putih'' (The Red and White Warriors) in Indonesian Papua. Elsham leader Aloysius Renwarin reported Guterres had 200 members consisting of Indonesian expatriates from Maluku, Timor and Sulawesi in December 2003 when Guterres requested the local government to provide his organisation offices in Timika, Papua. Background Guterres was born in Uatulari (near Viqueque), East Timor. His parents were killed in 1976 by Indonesia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1999 East Timorese Crisis
The 1999 East Timorese crisis began with attacks by pro-Indonesia militia groups on civilians, and expanded to general violence throughout the country, centred in the capital Dili. The violence intensified after a majority of eligible East Timorese voters 1999 East Timorese independence referendum, voted for independence from Indonesia. A Scorched Earth Operation by militia groups destroyed 80% of Dili's infrastructure. At least 1,400 civilians are believed to have been murdered both before and after voting. A UN-authorized force (INTERFET) consisting mainly of Australian Defence Force personnel was deployed to East Timor to establish and maintain peace. Background Independence for East Timor, or even limited regional autonomy, was not allowable under Suharto's New Order. Notwithstanding Indonesian public opinion in the 1990s occasionally showing begrudging appreciation of the Timorese position, it was widely feared that an independent East Timor would destabilise Indonesian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
