Manuel Guterres Viegas Carrascalão (

Atauro Atauro (, , ), also known as Kambing Island (), is an island and municipality (, or ) of Timor-Leste. Atauro is a small oceanic island situated north of Dili, on the extinct Wetar segment of the volcanic Inner Banda Arc, between the Indones ...

, 16 December 1933 –

Dili Dili (Portuguese language, Portuguese and Tetum language, Tetum: ''Díli'') is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Timor-Leste. It lies on the northern coast of the island of Timor, in a small area of flat land hemmed in by mountai ...

, 11 July 2009) was an Indonesian parliamentarian and prominent

East Timor Timor-Leste, also known as East Timor, officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, is a country in Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the coastal exclave of Oecusse in the island's northwest, and ...

ese independence leader. The Carrascalão family is of

mestiço ''Mestiço'' is a Portuguese term that referred to persons of mixed European and Indigenous non-European ancestry in the former Portuguese Empire. Mestiço community in Brazil In Colonial Brazil, it was initially used to refer to , persons b ...

ancestry; On 22 May 1952, at the age of 18, he was made Knight of the Order of Entrepreneurial Merit. He became one of the prominent figures in the popular

self-determination Self-determination refers to a people's right to form its own political entity, and internal self-determination is the right to representative government with full suffrage. Self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international la ...

consultation in 1999, to the point that his house was attacked by the Aitarack militias, under the command of Eurico Guterres, an opponent of Maubere independence. Twelve of the members killed during the massacre at his house were exhumed by the

UNTAET Crime Scene Detachment The UNTAET Crime Scene Detachment was the common title for an investigative unit created in the war-torn and newly liberated country of East Timor in November 1999, under the direction of the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor, ...

in early 2000, in

Maubara Maubara is a village in Maubara Administrative Post ( Liquiçá Municipality, East Timor), just west of the city of Liquiçá. Most of the inhabitants speak Tocodede. It lies near the Maubara Important Bird Area, encompassing the small c ...

. Along with the Liquica Church Massacre, the attack at Manuel Carrascalão's house was of the "ten priority investigations" of the Serious Crimes Unit. During the attack at his residence in Lecidere, Dili, on 17 April 1999, his son Manelito Carrascalão, age 17, and a hundred other refugees, including women and children, were tortured and killed. The trial was heard by the Second Special Panel, composed of Judge Benfeito Mosso Ramos (

Cape Verde Cape Verde or Cabo Verde, officially the Republic of Cabo Verde, is an island country and archipelagic state of West Africa in the central Atlantic Ocean, consisting of ten volcanic islands with a combined land area of about . These islands ...

) presiding, Judge Antero Luis (

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...

) and Judge Antonio Helder (East Timor).

Xanana Gusmão José Alexandre "Xanana" Gusmão (; born 20 June 1946) is an East Timorese politician. He has served as the 6th prime minister of East Timor since 2023, previously serving in that position from 2007 to 2015. A former rebel, he also served as E ...

succeeded in the leadership of the

National Council of Maubere Resistance The National Council of Maubere Resistance (Portuguese: Conselho Nacional da Resistência Maubere, or CNRM) was an umbrella organisation of East Timorese individuals and organisations dedicated to resisting the Indonesian occupation of East ...

, the Timorese independentist coalition. He had 11 brothers, the eldest, and among them were João Viegas Carrascalão, founder of the

Timorese Democratic Union The Timorese Democratic Union (, UDT) is a conservative political party in Timor-Leste. It was the first party to be established in the country on May 11, 1974, following the Carnation Revolution in Portugal. History Early history (1974– ...

and presidential candidate in 2007, and Mário Viegas Carrascalão, who founded the

Social Democratic Party The name Social Democratic Party or Social Democrats has been used by many political parties in various countries around the world. Such parties are most commonly aligned to social democracy as their political ideology. Active parties Form ...

. He died at the age of 75, on 11 July 2009, at the Hospital Nacional Guido Valadares, in

, following a brain

embolism An embolism is the lodging of an embolus, a blockage-causing piece of material, inside a blood vessel. The embolus may be a blood clot (thrombus), a fat globule (fat embolism), a bubble of air or other gas (air embolism, gas embolism), amniotic ...

Manuel Carrascalão House massacre

The Manuel Carrascalão House massacre occurred on 17 April 1999 in

, at the house of East Timorese independence leader Manuel Carrascalão. 12 people were killed by the pro-Indonesia Aitarak

militia A militia ( ) is a military or paramilitary force that comprises civilian members, as opposed to a professional standing army of regular, full-time military personnel. Militias may be raised in times of need to support regular troops or se ...

, commanded by

Eurico Guterres Eurico Barros Gomes Guterres (born 4 July 1969) is an Indonesian anti-Timorese independence militiaman who was recruited by the Indonesian military during East Timor's bid for independence between 1999 and 2000. He was involved in several mass ...

, including Carrascalão's 17-year-old son Manelito, who was tortured and hacked to death. The bodies of the victims were transported to the village of

, the headquarters of the

Besi Merah Putih Besi Merah Putih (also known as BMP), meaning ' red and white iron' in Indonesian, was the official name of an East Timor, approximately 200-strong, pro-Indonesia militia (Wanra). It operated in Maubara, in the district of Liquiçá, and in th ...

militia, where they were buried, in coffins, with personal possessions and identification. The bodies were exhumed in 2000, by the

. After much deliberation, the Indonesian government agreed to allow Eurico Guterres to be extradited by the

International Police The International Criminal Police Organization – INTERPOL (abbreviated as ICPO–INTERPOL), commonly known as Interpol ( , ; stylized in allcaps), is an international organization that facilitates worldwide police cooperation and crime cont ...

, on the grounds that he be tried under Indonesian law rather than international law, and that he be allowed to carry out his sentence in Indonesia. In June 2002, Guterres went on trial. He was convicted, and received a ten-year prison sentence. He moved to Indonesia, where he was supposed to spend his sentence imprisoned. He has yet to be incarcerated, and has since started another

group in Indonesia. Several other militia members were incarcerated for the crime.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carrascalao, Manuel Viegas 1933 births 2009 deaths Deaths from cerebral embolism East Timorese people of Portuguese descent East Timorese politicians Indonesian politicians People from Dili Municipality