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Jerzy Pawłowski
Jerzy Władysław Pawłowski (Polish pronunciation: ; 25 October 1932 – 11 January 2005) was a Polish fencing, fencer and double agent. He is regarded among the most successful Polish fencers in history having won 5 Olympic medals as well as seven gold medals at the World Fencing Championships. He was awarded the Polish Sports Personality of the Year title twice, in 1957 and 1968. Biography highlights While a major in the Polish Army, Pawłowski won the gold medal in the individual saber event at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, the first non-Hungarian in 48 years to win an Olympic sabre gold medal. He took part in a total of List of athletes with the most appearances at Olympic Games, six Olympic Games from 1952 to 1972, garnering additionally three silver medals and a bronze at the 1956 Summer Olympics, 1956, 1960 Summer Olympics, 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw
Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at 1.86 million residents within a Warsaw metropolitan area, greater metropolitan area of 3.27 million residents, which makes Warsaw the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 6th most-populous city in the European Union. The city area measures and comprises List of districts and neighbourhoods of Warsaw, 18 districts, while the metropolitan area covers . Warsaw is classified as an Globalization and World Cities Research Network#Alpha 2, alpha global city, a major political, economic and cultural hub, and the country's seat of government. It is also the capital of the Masovian Voivodeship. Warsaw traces its origins to a small fishing town in Masovia. The city rose to prominence in the late 16th cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1963 World Fencing Championships
The 1963 World Fencing Championships were held in Gdańsk, Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai .... Medal table Medal summary Men's events Women's events References FIE Results{{World Fencing Championships World Fencing Championships Fencing Championships F Sports competitions in Gdańsk 1963 in fencing 20th century in Gdańsk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gold Medal
A gold medal is a medal awarded for highest achievement in a non-military field. Its name derives from the use of at least a fraction of gold in form of plating or alloying in its manufacture. Since the eighteenth century, gold medals have been awarded in the arts, for example, by the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, usually as a symbol of an award to give an outstanding student some financial freedom. Others offer only the prestige of the award. Many organizations now award gold medals either annually or extraordinarily, including various academic societies. While some gold medals are solid gold, others are gold-plated or silver-gilt, like those of the Olympic Games, the Lorentz Medal, the United States Congressional Gold Medal and the Nobel Prize medal. Nobel Prize medals consist of 18 karat green gold plated with 24 karat gold. Before 1980, they were struck in 23 karat gold. Military origins Before the establishment of standard military awards, e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Sports Personality Of The Year
The Polish Athlete of the Year, Sports Personality of the Year (Polish language, Polish: ''Plebiscyt Przeglądu Sportowego na najlepszego polskiego sportowca roku'') is chosen annually since 1926 by the readers of the newspaper ''Przegląd Sportowy'', which makes it the second oldest such contest in the world. The winner is the sportsperson, judged by a public vote, to have achieved the most in the previous year. The first winner of the award was track and field athlete Wacław Kuchar. Between 1939 and 1947, the contest was not held due to the Second World War. The most successful athletes in the contest's history are footballer Robert Lewandowski and swimmer Otylia Jędrzejczak with three titles each; track and field athletes Irena Szewińska and Stanisława Walasiewicz, as well as ski jumper Adam Małysz with four titles each; while cross-country skier Justyna Kowalczyk is the current leader who holds five titles. Fencer Jerzy Pawłowski holds the record number of eleven appearanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Double Agent
In the field of counterintelligence, a double agent is an employee of a secret intelligence service for one country, whose primary purpose is to spy on a target organization of another country, but who is now spying on their own country's organization for the target organization. Double agentry may be practiced by spies of the target organization who infiltrate the controlling organization or may result from the ''turning'' (switching sides) of previously loyal agents of the controlling organization by the target. The threat of execution is the most common method of turning a captured agent (working for an intelligence service) into a double agent (working for a foreign intelligence service) or a double agent into a ''re-doubled agent''. It is unlike a Defection, defector, who is not considered an agent as agents are in place to function for an intelligence service and defectors are not, but some consider that defectors in place are agents until they have defected. Double agent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fencing
Fencing is a combat sport that features sword fighting. It consists of three primary disciplines: Foil (fencing), foil, épée, and Sabre (fencing), sabre (also spelled ''saber''), each with its own blade and set of rules. Most competitive fencers specialise in one of these disciplines. The modern sport gained prominence near the end of the 19th century, evolving from historical European swordsmanship. The Italian school of swordsmanship, Italian school altered the Historical European martial arts, historical European martial art of classical fencing, and the French school of fencing, French school later refined that system. Scoring points in a fencing competition is done by making contact with the opponent with one's sword. The 1904 Olympic Games featured a fourth discipline of fencing known as singlestick, but it was dropped after that year and is not a part of modern fencing. Competitive fencing was one of the first sports to be featured in the Olympics and, along with Athl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1970 World Fencing Championships
The 1970 World Fencing Championships were held in Ankara, Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen .... Medal table Medal summary Men's events Women's events References FIE Results{{World Fencing Championships World Fencing Championships World Fencing Championships, 1970 Sports competitions in Ankara 1970s in Ankara International fencing competitions hosted by Turkey 1970 in fencing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1958 World Fencing Championships
The 1958 World Fencing Championships were held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 .... Medal table Medal summary Men's events Women's events References FIE Results{{World Fencing Championships World Fencing Championships F 1958 in sports in Pennsylvania 1950s in Philadelphia Sports competitions in Philadelphia 1958 in fencing 1958 in American sports ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1953 World Fencing Championships
The 1953 World Fencing Championships were held in Brussels, Belgium Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. Situated in a coastal lowland region known as the Low Countries, it is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeas .... Medal table Medal summary Men's events Women's events References {{World Fencing Championships 1953 in Belgian sport 1953 in fencing F Sports competitions in Brussels World Fencing Championships 1950s in Brussels ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1971 World Fencing Championships
The 1971 World Fencing Championships were held in Vienna, Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust .... The event took place from July 4 to July 17, 1971. Medal table Medal summary Men's events Women's events References FIE Results{{World Fencing Championships World Fencing Championships F 1971 in Austrian sport 1970s in Vienna Sports competitions in Vienna 1971 in fencing July 1971 sports events in Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1969 World Fencing Championships
The 1969 World Fencing Championships were held in Havana, Cuba. The event took place from September 30 to October 12, 1969, at the Ciudad Deportiva Coliseum. Overview The Havana World championships were the third straight major fencing event held in the Americas after the 1967 edition in Montreal and the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico. Cuba gave the competition political overtones, including it in the celebrations for the ten years of the Cuban Revolution. Fencing was also stopped on 8 October for a commemoration of the anniversary of Che Guevara's death. The United States, who do not have formal diplomatic relations with Cuba, sent a restricted delegation of 25 fencers. The competition was also marred by numerous failures of the electrical apparatus to the heat and humidity. On sportive terms, the championships were dominated by countries of the Eastern Bloc, especially the Soviet Union, who claimed all three men's team titles. Romania earned their first women's world title. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1967 World Fencing Championships
The 1967 World Fencing Championships were held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun .... The event took place from July 5 to July 16, 1967. Medal table Medal summary Men's events Women's events References {{World Fencing Championships World Fencing Championships F 1967 in Canadian sports Sports competitions in Montreal July 1967 sports events in Canada 1967 in Montreal 1967 in fencing 1967 in sports in Quebec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
