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Jahan Malek Khatun
Jahan Malek Khatun (, ''jahān malik khātūn'') was an Injuid princess and a poetess, contemporary of Hafez. She wrote under pen name ''Jahān'' (). Life Her birthdate is not known, but her parents were married in 1324, so she must have been born after that date. Her father was Jalāl al-Dīn Masūʿdshāh and mother was a daughter of Ghiyas al-Din Hamadani. It was usual for Injuid noble women to receive a good education, and Jahan's was exceptionally good because she was an only child, so the attention usually given to sons was given to her instead. Her step-mother was a Chupanid princess, Sultānbakht - daughter of Dimashq Khwaja, who married Masūʿdshāh in Baghdad in 1342. After her father's marriage she too was married to Amin al-Din Jahrumi between 1343 and 1347, who was a companion of the Injuid ruler, and nephew of Shaikh Jamāl al-Dīn Abu Ishāq. Masūʿdshāh was deposed in 1339 by allies of Shams al-Dīn Muhammad and Chupanid Pir Hosayn. Masūʿdshāh fled to L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Injuids
The House of Inju (Injuids, Injus, or Inju'ids) was an Iranian dynasty of Persian origin that came to rule over the cities of Shiraz and Isfahan during the 14th century. Its members became de facto independent rulers following the breakup of the Ilkhanate until their defeat in 1357. Before the breakup of the Ilkhanate The Injuids gained control of parts of Iran, mostly Fars, in 1304 at the beginning of the reign of the Ilkhan Öljeitü. The Ilkhan had given Sharaf al-Din Mahmud Shah control of the ''injü'' (or ''inji''; the Mongol word for the royal estates). Sharaf al-Din was reportedly descended from ' Abd-Allah Ansari, an 11th-century mystic of Herat. His son, Amir Ghiyas al-Din Kai-Khusrau, assisted another family, the Muzaffarids, in their takeover of Yazd. By 1325 Sharaf al-Din had gained nearly an absolute grip on the region. His power displeased Öljeitü's successor Abu Sa'id, who ordered Sharaf al-Din removed and sent a Sheikh Hussein ibn Juban to replace him. Kai-K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khwaju Kermani
Khwaju Kermani ( fa, خواجوی کرمانی; December 1290 – 1349) was a famous Persian poet and Sufi mystic from Iran. Life He was born in Kerman, Iran on 24 December 1290. His nickname Khwaju is a diminutive of the Persian word ''Khwaja'' which he uses as his poetic penname. This title points to descent from a family of high social status. The nisba (name title) Morshedi display his association with the Persian Sufi master Shaykh Abu Eshaq Kazeruni, the founder of the Morshediyya order. Khwaju died around 1349 in Shiraz, Iran, and his tomb in Shiraz is a popular tourist attraction today. When he was young, he visited Egypt, Syria, Jerusalem and Iraq. He also performed the Hajj in Mecca. One purpose of his travel is said to have been education and meeting with scholars of other lands. He composed one of his best known works ''Homāy o Homāyun'' in Baghdad. Returning to Iranian lands in 1335, he strove to find a position as a court poet by dedicating poems to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dick Davis (translator)
Dick Davis (born 1945) is an English–American Persophile and Iranologist, poet, university professor, and translator of verse, who is affiliated with the literary movement known as New Formalism in American poetry. Born into a working-class family shortly before the end of World War II, Davis grew up in the Yorkshire fishing village of Withernsea during the 1950s, where an experimental school made it possible for Davis to become the first member of his family to attend university. Shortly before graduating from Cambridge University, Davis was left heartbroken by the suicide of his schizophrenic brother and decided to begin living and teaching abroad. After teaching in Greece and Italy, in 1970 Davis fell in love with an Iranian woman, Afkham Darbandi, and decided to live permanently in Tehran during the reign of the last Shah. As a result, he taught English at the University of Tehran, and married Afkham Darbandi, about whom he has since written and published many love p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irinjin
Irinjin or Irenjin (, ) was a powerful Kerait emir in Ilkhanate and a viceroy of Anatolia. Life He was a son of emir Sarija (his name could also be a misreading of George) and a nephew of Doquz Khatun, thus a great-grandson of Toghrul. His father arrived in Iran with Hulagu and was buried in Nestorian church of Maragheh. He also had a sister called Toqtani or Toqiyatai (d. 1292) who successively married to Hulagu, Abaqa and Qonqurtai. Another sister of his was Uruk Khatun, who was married to Arghun. He emerged as Baydu's supporter when he released his son Kipchak from Gaykhatu's court in 1295. Rule in Anatolia After accession of Öljaitü, he was appointed as new viceroy of Anatolia in June 1305. His headquarters was centered in Niksar. Öljaitü's vizier Sa‘d al-Daula Savaji appointed his nephew Sharaf al-Din Musafir as Irinjin's tax collector, Ahmad Lakushi as vizier and emir Agacheri as his commander-in-chief. His monopolisation of duties and officies caused several offic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Öljaitü
Öljaitü ( mn, , Öljaitü Qaghan, fa, اولجایتو), also known as Mohammad-e Khodabande ( fa, محمد خدابنده, ''khodābande'' from Persian meaning the "slave of God" or "servant of God"; 1280 – December 16, 1316), was the eighth Ilkhanid dynasty ruler from 1304 to 1316 in Tabriz, Iran. His name "Ölziit" means "blessed" in the Mongolian language. He was the son of the Ilkhan ruler Arghun, brother and successor of Mahmud Ghazan (5th successor of Genghis Khan), and great-grandson of the Ilkhanate founder Hulagu. Early life Öljaitü was born as the son of Arghun and his third wife, Keraite Christian Uruk Khatun on 24 March 1282 during his father's viceroyalty in Khorasan. He was given the name Khar-banda (Mule driver) at birth, raised as Buddhist and later baptised in 1291, receiving the name Nikolya (''Nicholas'') after Pope Nicholas IV. However, according ''Tarikh-i Uljaytu'' (History of Oljeitu), Öljeitu was at first known as "Öljei Buqa", and then "Tem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Padishah Khatun
Safwat al-Din Khatun (1256–1295), otherwise known as Padishah Khatun, was the ruler of Kirman from 1292 until 1295 as a member of the Mongol vassal Qutlugh-Khanid dynasty in Persia. Life She was born in 1256, as the youngest daughter of Qutb al-Din (d. 1257) and Kutlugh Turkan of Kirman.Mernissi, Fatima; Mary Jo Lakeland (2003). The forgotten queens of Islam. Oxford University Press. . She already had her own fiefdom in Sirjan thanks to her mother Kutlugh Turkan's visit to coronation ceremony of Abaqa in 1265. Her first spouse was Abaqa Khan to whom she was married on 22 May 1272. The marriage was arranged by her mother to secure Mongolian support for her rule. She was granted Abaqa's late mother's Yesunjin's household. She was instrumental in strengthening rule of her mother Kutlugh Turkan and was her supporter against her siblings Muzaffar al-Din Hajjaj (1276) and Suyurghatmish (1280). After Abaqa's death She did not leave for Kerman after Abaqa's deat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saadi Shirazi
Saadi Shīrāzī ( fa, ابومحمّد مصلحالدین بن عبدالله شیرازی), better known by his pen name Saadi (; fa, سعدی, , ), also known as Sadi of Shiraz (, ''Saʿdī Shīrāzī''; born 1210; died 1291 or 1292), was a Persian poet and prose writer of the medieval period. He is recognized for the quality of his writings and for the depth of his social and moral thoughts. Saadi is widely recognized as one of the greatest poets of the classical literary tradition, earning him the nickname "The Master of Speech" or "The Wordsmith" ( ''ostâd-e soxan'') or simply "Master" ( ''ostâd'') among Persian scholars. He has been quoted in the Western traditions as well. '' Bustan'' has been ranked as one of the 100 greatest books of all time by ''The Guardian''. Biography Saadi was born in Shiraz, Iran, according to some, shortly after 1200, according to others sometime between 1213 and 1219. In the Golestan, composed in 1258, he says in lines evidently addr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambridge University Library
Cambridge University Library is the main research library of the University of Cambridge. It is the largest of the over 100 libraries within the university. The Library is a major scholarly resource for the members of the University of Cambridge and external researchers. It is often referred to within the university as the UL. Thirty three faculty and departmental libraries are associated with the University Library for the purpose of central governance and administration, forming "Cambridge University Libraries". Cambridge University Library is one of the six legal deposit libraries under UK law. The Library holds approximately 9 million items (including maps and sheet music) and, through legal deposit, purchase and donation it receives around 100,000 items every year. The University Library is unique among the legal deposit libraries in keeping a large proportion of its material on open access and in allowing some categories of reader to borrow from its collections. Its or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Topkapı Palace
The Topkapı Palace ( tr, Topkapı Sarayı; ota, طوپقپو سرايى, ṭopḳapu sarāyı, lit=cannon gate palace), or the Seraglio A seraglio, serail, seray or saray (from fa, سرای, sarāy, palace, via Turkish and Italian) is a castle, palace or government building which was considered to have particular administrative importance in various parts of the former Ott ..., is a large museum in the east of the Fatih List of districts of Istanbul, district of Istanbul in Turkey. From the 1460s to the completion of Dolmabahçe Palace in 1856, it served as the administrative center of the Ottoman Empire, and was the main residence of its sultans until the 17th century. Construction, ordered by the Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror, began in 1459, six years after the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople. Topkapı was originally called the "New Palace" (''Yeni Saray'' or ''Saray-ı Cedîd-i Âmire'') to distinguish it from the Eski Saray, Old Palace (''Eski Sar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bibliothèque Nationale De France
The Bibliothèque nationale de France (, 'National Library of France'; BnF) is the national library of France, located in Paris on two main sites known respectively as ''Richelieu'' and ''François-Mitterrand''. It is the national repository of all that is published in France. Some of its extensive collections, including books and manuscripts but also precious objects and artworks, are on display at the BnF Museum (formerly known as the ) on the Richelieu site. The National Library of France is a public establishment under the supervision of the Ministry of Culture. Its mission is to constitute collections, especially the copies of works published in France that must, by law, be deposited there, conserve them, and make them available to the public. It produces a reference catalogue, cooperates with other national and international establishments, and participates in research programs. History The National Library of France traces its origin to the royal library founded at t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Library
The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and is one of the largest libraries in the world. It is estimated to contain between 170 and 200 million items from many countries. As a legal deposit library, the British Library receives copies of all books produced in the United Kingdom and Ireland, including a significant proportion of overseas titles distributed in the UK. The Library is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. The British Library is a major research library, with items in many languages and in many formats, both print and digital: books, manuscripts, journals, newspapers, magazines, sound and music recordings, videos, play-scripts, patents, databases, maps, stamps, prints, drawings. The Library's collections include around 14 million books, along with substantial holdings of manuscripts and items dating as far back as 2000 BC. The library maintains a programme for content acquis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubaʿi
Rubāʿī ( fa, رباعی, translit=rubāʿiy, links=; plural: fa, رباعيات, label=none, translit=rubāʿiyāt) or chahārgāna ( fa, چهارگانه, links=no) is the term for a quatrain, a poem or a verse of a poem consisting of four lines. It refers specifically to a form of Persian poetry, or its derivative form in English and other languages. In classical Persian poetry, the ''ruba'i'' is written as a four-line (or two-couplet) poem, with a rhyme-scheme AABA or AAAA. This is an example of a ''ruba'i'' from Rūmī's '' Dīwān-i Shams'': Metre The usual metre of a Persian ''ruba'i'', which is used for all four lines of the above quatrain by Rumi, is as follows: : – – u u – u – u – – u u – In the above scheme, "–" represents a long syllable, and "u" a short one. As variations of this scheme, any sequence of – u can be replaced by a single "overlong" syllable, such as ''gēkh'', ''tīf'', ''luṭf'' in the poem above, containing either a long v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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