Khwaju Kermani ( fa, خواجوی کرمانی; December 1290 – 1349) was a famous

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

poet and Sufi mystic from

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

Life

He was born in Kerman,

on 24 December 1290. His nickname Khwaju is a diminutive of the

word ''

Khwaja Khawaja (Persian: خواجه ''khvâjəh'') is an honorific title used across the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Central Asia, particularly towards Sufi teachers. It is also used by Kashmiri Muslims and the Mizrahi Jews—particul ...

'' which he uses as his poetic penname. This title points to descent from a family of high social status. The nisba (name title) Morshedi display his association with the Persian Sufi master Shaykh Abu Eshaq Kazeruni, the founder of the Morshediyya order. Khwaju died around 1349 in

Shiraz, Iran Shiraz (; fa, شیراز, Širâz ) is the fifth-most-populous city of Iran and the capital of Fars Province, which has been historically known as Pars () and Persis. As of the 2016 national census, the population of the city was 1,565,572 p ...

, and his tomb in

Shiraz Shiraz (; fa, شیراز, Širâz ) is the fifth-most-populous city of Iran and the capital of Fars Province, which has been historically known as Pars () and Persis. As of the 2016 national census, the population of the city was 1,565,572 p ...

is a popular tourist attraction today. When he was young, he visited

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...

, Syria,

Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...

and

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...

. He also performed the Hajj in

Mecca Mecca (; officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah ()) is a city and administrative center of the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia, and the holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow ...

. One purpose of his travel is said to have been education and meeting with scholars of other lands. He composed one of his best known works ''Homāy o Homāyun'' in

Baghdad Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon. I ...

. Returning to Iranian lands in 1335, he strove to find a position as a court poet by dedicating poems to the rulers of his time, such as the Il-Khanid rulers

Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan (June 2, 1305 – December 1, 1335) (Persian, Arabic: ), also spelt Abusaid Bahador Khan, Abu Sa'id Behauder ( mn, , ''Busayid Baghatur Khan'', ''Бусайд баатар хаан'' / ''Busaid baatar khaan'', in moder ...

and

Arpa Ke'un Arpa Ke'un, also known as Arpa Khan or Gavon or Gawon (; died 1336), was an Ilkhan (1335–1336) during the disintegration of the Ilkhanate, Mongol state in Southwest Asia based in Persia. Life Not much is known on Arpa's earlier life, except ...

, the

Mozaffarid The Muzaffarid dynasty ( fa, مظفریان) was a Muslim dynasty which came to power in Iran following the breakup of the Ilkhanate in the 14th century. At their zenith, they ruled a kingdom comprising Iranian Azerbaijan, Central Persia, and Pe ...

Mubariz al-Din Muhammad Mubariz al-Din Muhammad (1301-1363) ( fa, مبارز الدین محمد), was the founder of the Muzaffarid dynasty, ruling from 1314 to 1358. He was a Persian of Yemeni origins, which settled in Khurasan during the Islamic conquest. He was the ...

, and

Abu Ishaq Inju Abu Ishaq Inju ( fa, ابو اسحاق اینجو) was the last Injuid ruler from 1343 to 1357. During his reign the city of Shiraz flourished, consisting of prominent figures such as Hafez, Khwaju Kermani and Ubayd Zakani. In 1357, the Muzaffari ...

of the Inju dynasty.

Works

List of Poems

*''Divan'' ( fa, دیوان خواجو) - a collection of his poems in the form of Ghazals, qasidas, strophic poems, qeṭʾas (occasional verse), and quatrains *''Homāy o Homāyun'' ( fa, همای و همایون) The poem relates the adventures of the Persian prince Homāy, who falls in love with the Chinese princess, Homāyun. *''Gol o Nowruz'' ( fa, گل و نوروز) The poem tells another love story, this time vaguely situated in the time shortly before the advent of Islam. *''Rowżat-al-anwār'' ( fa, روضة الانوار) In twenty poetic discources, the poet deals with requirements for the mystical path and the ethics of kingship. *''Kamāl-nām'' ( fa, کمال نام) *''Gowhar-nāma'' ( fa, گوهرنامه) *''Sām-nāma'' ( fa, سام نامه) A heroic epic about the grandfather of

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Translations

*''Homāy e Homāyun. Un romanzo d'amore e avventura dalla Persia medievale''. ed. and trans. by Nahid Norozi, preface by J.C. Buergel, Milano: Mimesis 2011

Notes

Sources

* Browne, E. G. (1920

928 Year 928 (Roman numerals, CMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * King Rudolph of France, Rudolph I loses the support of Herbert II, Count of ...

''A Literary History of Persia'', vol. 3: The Tartar Dominion (1265–1502)
Cambridge. * * * Jan Rypka, ''History of Iranian Literature''. Reidel Publishing Company. ASIN B-000-6BXVT-K

External links

* http://www.shirazcity.org/shiraz/Shiraz%20Information/Sightseeing/Khajou%20e.htm {{DEFAULTSORT:Kermani, Khwaju 1290 births 1352 deaths Sufi poets 14th-century Persian-language poets People from Kerman Province People from Kerman Injuid-period poets Ilkhanate-period poets 14th-century Iranian people