Ironwood, Michigan
Ironwood is a city in Gogebic County in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan, about south of Lake Superior. The city is on US Highway 2 across the Montreal River from Hurley, Wisconsin. It is the westernmost city in Michigan, situated on the same line of longitude (90.2 degrees West) as Clinton, Iowa and St. Louis, Missouri. The population was 5,045 at the 2020 census, down from 5,387 at the 2010 census. The city is bordered by Ironwood Township to the north, but the two are administered automously. While originally an iron mining town, the area is now known for its downhill skiing resorts, including Big Powderhorn, Black River, Snow River, Mount Zion and Whitecap as well as its cross country skiing at the Wolverine Nordic Trail System and the ABR Nordic Center. Ironwood is home of the "World's Tallest Indian," a fiberglass statue of tribal leader Hiawatha. History Ironwood was settled in the spring of 1885. The town was incorporated as a village in ...
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City
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be defined as a permanent and densely settled place with administratively defined boundaries whose members work primarily on non-agricultural tasks. Cities generally have extensive systems for housing, transportation, sanitation, utilities, land use, production of goods, and communication. Their density facilitates interaction between people, government organisations and businesses, sometimes benefiting different parties in the process, such as improving efficiency of goods and service distribution. Historically, city-dwellers have been a small proportion of humanity overall, but following two centuries of unprecedented and rapid urbanization, more than half of the world population now lives in cities, which has had profound consequences for ...
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Montreal River (Wisconsin-Michigan)
Montreal River may refer to: Rivers Canada * Montreal River (Algoma–Sudbury, Ontario), a tributary of Lake Superior * Montreal River (Timiskaming District), a tributary of the Ottawa River * Montreal River (Saskatchewan) United States * Montreal River (Michigan), a river in the Keweenaw Peninsula * Montreal River (Wisconsin–Michigan), along the Wisconsin-Michigan border Places * Montreal River, Ontario See also * Montreal (other) * St. Lawrence River, the main river on which the city of Montreal is situated * Rivière des Prairies The Rivière des Prairies (; ), called the Back River in English, is a delta channel of the Ottawa River in southwestern Quebec, Canada. The Kanien'kehá:ka called it ''Skowanoti'', meaning "River behind the island". The river separates the citi ...

Radar Bomb Scoring
Radar Bomb Scoring is a combat aviation ground support operation used to evaluate Cold War aircrews' effectiveness with simulated unguided bomb drops near radar stations of the United States Navy, the USAF Strategic Air Command, and Army Project Nike units. USAF RBS used various ground radar, computers, and other electronic equipment such as jammers to disrupt operations of the bomber's radar navigator, AAA/ SAM simulators to require countermeasures from the bomber, and Radar Bomb Scoring Centrals for estimating accuracy of simulated bombings. Scores for accuracy and electronic warfare effectiveness were transmitted from radar sites such as those at Strategic Range Training Complexes (e.g., from Detachment 1 at the " La Junta Bomb Plot"). Most of the SAC sites were in the continental US with units (detachments) manned by technicians and operators of the Automatic Tracking Radar Specialist career field (AutoTrack). Radar Bomb Scoring and the Autotrack specialty were discontinu ...
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Strategic Air Command
Strategic Air Command (SAC) was both a United States Department of Defense Specified Command and a United States Air Force (USAF) Major Command responsible for command and control of the strategic bomber and intercontinental ballistic missile components of the United States military's strategic nuclear forces from 1946 to 1992. SAC was also responsible for the operation of strategic reconnaissance aircraft and airborne command post aircraft as well as most of the USAF's aerial refueling fleet, including aircraft from the Air Force Reserve (AFRES) and Air National Guard (ANG). SAC primarily consisted of the Second Air Force (2AF), Eighth Air Force (8AF) and the Fifteenth Air Force (15AF), while SAC headquarters (HQ SAC) included Directorates for Operations & Plans, Intelligence, Command & Control, Maintenance, Training, Communications, and Personnel. At a lower echelon, SAC headquarters divisions included Aircraft Engineering, Missile Concept, and Strategic Communicati ...
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Iron Ore
Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted. The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in color from dark grey, bright yellow, or deep purple to rusty red. The iron is usually found in the form of magnetite (, 72.4% Fe), hematite (, 69.9% Fe), goethite (, 62.9% Fe), limonite (, 55% Fe) or siderite (, 48.2% Fe). Ores containing very high quantities of hematite or magnetite (greater than about 60% iron) are known as "natural ore" or "direct shipping ore", meaning they can be fed directly into iron-making blast furnaces. Iron ore is the raw material used to make pig iron, which is one of the main raw materials to make steel—98% of the mined iron ore is used to make steel. In 2011 the ''Financial Times'' quoted Christopher LaFemina, mining analyst at Barclays Capital, saying that iron ore is "more integral to the global economy than any other commodity, except perhaps oil". Sources Metallic iron is virtually unk ...
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Gogebic Range
The Gogebic Range is an elongated area of iron ore deposits located within a range of hills in northern Michigan and Wisconsin just south of Lake Superior. It extends from Lake Namakagon in Wisconsin eastward to Lake Gogebic in Michigan, or almost 80 miles. Though long, it is only about a half mile wide and forms a crescent concave to the southeast. The Gogebic Range includes the communities of Ironwood in Michigan, plus Mellen and Hurley in Wisconsin. The name Gogebic is Ojibwa for "where trout rising to the surface make rings in the water." "Range" is the term commonly used for such iron ore areas around Lake Superior. In Wisconsin, the Gogebic Range is often called the Penokee Range. The range is named after Lake Gogebic, a large lake near the east end of the range in Gogebic and Ontonagon Counties in Michigan. Located within the southern of two parallel prominent ridges, the Gogebic range iron formation name is often used interchangeably with the range of hills that ...
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Frederic W
Frederic may refer to: Places United States * Frederic, Wisconsin, a village in Polk County * Frederic Township, Michigan, a township in Crawford County ** Frederic, Michigan, an unincorporated community Other uses * Frederic (band), a Japanese rock band * Frederic (given name), a given name (including a list of people and characters with the name) * Hurricane Frederic, a hurricane that hit the U.S. Gulf Coast in 1979 * Trent Frederic, American ice hockey player See also * Frédéric * Frederick (other) * Fredrik * Fryderyk (other) Fryderyk () is a given name, and may refer to: * Fryderyk Chopin (1810–1849), a Polish piano composer * Fryderyk Getkant (1600–1666), a military engineer, artilleryman and cartographer of German origin * Fryderyk Scherfke (1909–1983), an inte ...

Ironwood Township, Michigan
Ironwood Charter Township is a charter township of Gogebic County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,333 at the 2010 census. The city of Ironwood borders on the south, but the two are administered autonomously. Ironwood Township is the home of Gogebic Community College, as well as the Gogebic–Iron County Airport. Most of the land in the township is within the Ottawa National Forest. The Montreal River forms the township's western boundary with Wisconsin. Ironwood Charter Township is the westernmost municipality in the state of Michigan. It is also the largest charter township by land area and the least-densely populated charter township in the state. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of , of which is land and (7.10%) is water. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 2,330 people, 1,024 households, and 699 families residing in the township. The population density was 13.3 per square mile (5. ...
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Hiawatha
Hiawatha ( , also : ), also known as Ayenwathaaa or Aiionwatha, was a precolonial Native American leader and co-founder of the Iroquois Confederacy. He was a leader of the Onondaga people, the Mohawk people, or both. According to some accounts, he was born an Onondaga but adopted into the Mohawks. Legend Although Hiawatha was actually a real person, he was mostly known through his legend. The events in the legend have been dated to the middle 1100s through the occurrence of an eclipse coincident with the founding of the Iroquois Confederacy.Dates of 1390–1630 have also been proposed. This material and quotations are taken from the Mohawk version of the legend, as related by the prominent chief Seth Newhouse (Dayodekane). For an Onondaga version of the legend, see Parker: "The Hiawatha Tradition". When the founder of the Confederacy, Dekanawidah, known as ''The Great Peacemaker'', first came to Iroquoia, one of the first people he met was Hiawatha, not yet called by that na ...
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Downhill Skiing
Alpine skiing, or downhill skiing, is the pastime of sliding down snow-covered slopes on skis with fixed-heel bindings, unlike other types of skiing ( cross-country, Telemark, or ski jumping), which use skis with free-heel bindings. Whether for recreation or for sport, it is typically practiced at ski resorts, which provide such services as ski lifts, artificial snow making, snow grooming, restaurants, and ski patrol. " Off-piste" skiers—those skiing outside ski area boundaries—may employ snowmobiles, helicopters or snowcats to deliver them to the top of a slope. Back-country skiers may use specialized equipment with a free-heel mode, including 'sticky' skins on the bottoms of the skis to stop them sliding backwards during an ascent, then locking the heel and removing the skins for their descent. Alpine skiing has been an event at the Winter Olympic Games since 1936. A competition corresponding to modern slalom was introduced in Oslo in 1886. Participants and v ...
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Ironwood Charter Township, Michigan
Ironwood Charter Township is a charter township of Gogebic County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,333 at the 2010 census. The city of Ironwood borders on the south, but the two are administered autonomously. Ironwood Township is the home of Gogebic Community College, as well as the Gogebic–Iron County Airport. Most of the land in the township is within the Ottawa National Forest. The Montreal River forms the township's western boundary with Wisconsin. Ironwood Charter Township is the westernmost municipality in the state of Michigan. It is also the largest charter township by land area and the least-densely populated charter township in the state. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of , of which is land and (7.10%) is water. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 2,330 people, 1,024 households, and 699 families residing in the township. The population density was 13.3 per square mile (5. ...
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