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Ilia Chavchavadze Society
Ilia Chavchavadze Society ( ka, ილია ჭავჭავაძის საზოგადოება, tr) is a political organisation from Georgia. The group dates back to the days of the Soviet Union, where it was an important factor in the growth of Georgian nationalism. Formation and development Named after Georgian national hero Ilia Chavchavadze the group was established in October 1987 in the wake of a series of amnesties for dissidents that April as part of the Glasnost scheme.Svante Cornell, ''Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus'', Routledge, 2005, p. 147 The group was initially made up of intellectuals and included members of various political viewpoints whose only common factor was their opposition to the Soviet Union. It was an underground intellectual group and was not a popular movement. It advocated the devolution of power within the Soviet Union to the existing republics and the transformation into a federation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federalism
Federalism is a combined or compound mode of government that combines a general government (the central or "federal" government) with regional governments (Province, provincial, State (sub-national), state, Canton (administrative division), cantonal, territorial, or other sub-unit governments) in a single political system, dividing the powers between the two. Federalism in the modern era was first adopted in the unions of states during the Old Swiss Confederacy. Federalism differs from Confederation, confederalism, in which the general level of government is subordinate to the regional level, and from devolution within a unitary state, in which the regional level of government is subordinate to the general level. It represents the central form in the pathway of regional integration or separation, bounded on the less integrated side by confederalism and on the more integrated side by devolution within a unitary state. Examples of a federation or federal province or state include ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990 Georgian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in the Georgian SSR on 28 October 1990, with a second round on 11 November.Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p382 They were the first free parliamentary election in since 1919, and saw Round Table-Free Georgia emerge as the largest party in Parliament, with 155 of the 250 seats. Voter turnout was 69.9%. Round Table-Free Georgia MP Zviad Gamsakhurdia was elected by the Congress as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Council on 14 November, effectively the leader of Georgia. The elected parliament was responsible for some of the most important decisions in the modern Georgian history, such as the declaration of independence from the Soviet Union, the adoption of the first Constitution of the Republic of Georgia, as well as the revocation of South Ossetian autonomy and the subsequent prosecution of the war in South Ossetia. It was the first and only free election to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Labour Party
The Georgian Labour Party ( ka, საქართველოს ლეიბორისტული პარტია, ''Sakartvelos Leiboristuli Partia'', SLP) is a political party in Georgia that was founded in 1995 by Shalva Natelashvili Shalva Natelashvili (born 17 February 1958) is a Georgian politician, a founder of the Georgian Labour Party and its chair since 1995. He is a president of the International Geopolitical Center. Early life and career Natelashvili was born in t .... History 1998 Local Elections In the 1998 local elections, the party received 20 percent of the votes. 1999 Parliamentary Elections The Labor Party received 7% in the 1999 parliamentary elections. The party blamed the authorities for rigging the elections. 2002 Local Self-Government Elections In the 2002 Local Self-Government Elections, the party won the majority of seats (26%) in the Tbilisi City Assembly. 2003 Parliamentary Elections The Georgian Labour Party received 12% i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2000 Georgian Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Georgia on 9 April 2000. The result was a victory for Eduard Shevardnadze of the Union of Citizens of Georgia, who received 82% of the vote, with a 76% turnout.Nohlen ''et al.'', p402 Conduct The OSCE election observation mission concluded that while "fundamental freedoms were generally respected during the election campaign and candidates were able to express their views ..further progress is necessary for Georgia to fully meet its commitments as a participating State of the OSCE." The OSCE report also highlighted that only two candidates, Shevardnadze and Patiashvili had "campaigned actively". Results References {{Georgian elections Presidential elections in Georgia (country) Presidential President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War In Abkhazia (1992–1993)
The War in Abkhazia was fought between Georgian government forces for the most part and Abkhaz separatist forces, Russian government armed forces and North Caucasian militants between 1992 and 1993. Ethnic Georgians who lived in Abkhazia fought largely on the side of Georgian government forces. Ethnic Armenians and Russians within Abkhazia's population largely supported the AbkhaziansAbkhazia Today. ''The International Crisis Group Europe Report N°176, 15 September 2006, page 5''. Retrieved on 30 May 2007. ''Free registration needed to view full report'' and many fought on their side. The separatists received support from thousands of North Caucasus and [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eighth of Earth's inhabitable landmass. Russia extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and shares Borders of Russia, land boundaries with fourteen countries, more than List of countries and territories by land borders, any other country but China. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, world's ninth-most populous country and List of European countries by population, Europe's most populous country, with a population of 146 million people. The country's capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city is Moscow, the List of European cities by population within city limits, largest city entirely within E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1995 Georgian Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Georgia on 5 November 1995. The result was a victory for Eduard Shevardnadze of the Union of Citizens of Georgia, who received 77% of the vote, with a 68% turnout.Nohlen ''et al.'', p402 Results References {{Georgian elections Presidential elections in Georgia (country) 1995 in Georgia (country) Georgia Georgia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1995 Georgian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Georgia on 5 November 1995, with a second round on 19 November. The result was a victory for the Union of Citizens of Georgia, which won 108 of the 235 seats. Voter turnout was 68% Due to its breakaway status, the elections were not held in Abkhazia, resulting in the 12 MPs elected in 1992 retaining their seats.Nohlen et al., p339 Results References {{Georgian elections 1995 in Georgia (country) Parliamentary elections in Georgia (country) Georgia Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ... Election and referendum articles with incomplete results ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Independence Party Of Georgia
The National Independence Party of Georgia (NIP) is a Georgia (country), Georgian political party. The party was an important force during the transition from the Soviet Union to independence but subsequently faded and its current status in unknown. History The group was established in 1988 by Irakli Tsereteli, a member of the pro-independence Ilia Chavchavadze Society as a focus for more radical members of that group.Jonathan Wheatley, ''Georgia from National Awakening to Rose Revolution: Delayed Transition in the Former Soviet Union'', Routledge, 201link/ref> It took a strongly nationalist and anti-communist ideological position.Stephen Jones, ''Georgia: A Political History Since Independence'', I.B. Tauris, 2015, pp. 38-39 On 30 September 1990 they took part in elections to the Georgian National Congress, an unofficial body established by pro-independence groups who were boycotting 1990 Georgian parliamentary election, the elections to the Supreme Council of the Republic of Geor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduard Shevardnadze
Eduard Ambrosis dze Shevardnadze ( ka, ედუარდ ამბროსის ძე შევარდნაძე}, romanized: ; 25 January 1928 – 7 July 2014) was a Soviet and Georgian politician and diplomat who governed Georgia for several non-consecutive periods from 1972 until his resignation in 2003 and also served as the final Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1985 to 1990. Shevardnadze started his political career in the late 1940s as a leading member of his local Komsomol organisation. He was later appointed its Second Secretary, then its First Secretary. His rise in the Georgian Soviet hierarchy continued until 1961 when he was demoted after he insulted a senior official. After spending two years in obscurity, Shevardnadze returned as a First Secretary of a Tbilisi city district, and was able to charge the Tbilisi First Secretary at the time with corruption. His anti-corruption work quickly garnered the interest of the Soviet government and Shevardnadze ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution Of Georgia (country)
The Constitution of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს კონსტიტუცია, ''sakartvelos k'onstitutsia'') is the supreme law of Georgia. It was approved by the Parliament of Georgia on 24 August 1995 and entered into force on 17 October 1995. The Constitution replaced the Decree on State Power of November 1992 which had functioned as an interim basic law following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Background DRG and the Soviet Rule The history of Georgian constitutionalism begins in the twentieth century, when on May 26, 1918, the Democratic Republic of Georgia adopted the Act of Independence and began drafting the Constitution. The drafting of the constitution lasted for three years. On February 21, 1921, facing the onset of Soviet aggression, the Constituent Assembly of Georgia adopted a constitution of the Democratic Republic of Georgia which was the first modern fundamental law in the nation's history but was adopted on February 21, 1921, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
