Ixo (company)
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Ixo (company)
Ixo (sometimes stylized as IXO) was a French media conglomerate established in September 2000 as a corporate spin-off of the company InfoSources. It was led by businessman Christophe Sapet, co-founder of Infogrames. InfoSources, which Sapet had started as an Internet service provider in 1995, had branched increasingly into content creation since 1998, and had purchased the magazine publishers Pressimage and Freeway in April 2000. As a result, its holdings included a number of youth-oriented magazines and web portals, such as ZoneJeuX. As part of InfoSources' merger with Belgacom, its content division was split off as Ixo, which successfully went public in December 2000. Ixo became the French publisher of ''Rolling Stone'' in 2002. That same year, Ixo began a rebranding effort to target "urban machismo" in its publications. Following a years-long series of setbacks that '' Stratégies'' described as a "descent into hell", Ixo filed for bankruptcy in January 2004. Its magazine p ...
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Public Company
A public company is a company whose ownership is organized via shares of stock which are intended to be freely traded on a stock exchange or in over-the-counter markets. A public (publicly traded) company can be listed on a stock exchange (listed company), which facilitates the trade of shares, or not (unlisted public company). In some jurisdictions, public companies over a certain size must be listed on an exchange. In most cases, public companies are ''private'' enterprises in the ''private'' sector, and "public" emphasizes their reporting and trading on the public markets. Public companies are formed within the legal systems of particular states, and therefore have associations and formal designations which are distinct and separate in the polity in which they reside. In the United States, for example, a public company is usually a type of corporation (though a corporation need not be a public company), in the United Kingdom it is usually a public limited company (plc), i ...
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French Companies Disestablished In 2004
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with France ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Fortnite French places Arts and media * The French (band), a British rock band * "French" (episode), a live-action episode of ''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!'' * ''Française'' (film), 2008 * French Stewart (born 1964), American actor Other uses * French (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) * French (tunic), a particular type of military jacket or tunic used in the Russian Empire and Soviet Union * French's, an American brand of mustard condiment * French catheter scale, a unit of measurement of diameter * French Defence, a chess opening * French kiss, a type of kiss involving the tongue See also * France (other) * Franch, a surname * French ...
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Corporate Spin-offs
A corporation is an organization—usually a group of people or a company—authorized by the state to act as a single entity (a legal entity recognized by private and public law "born out of statute"; a legal person in legal context) and recognized as such in law for certain purposes. Early incorporated entities were established by charter (i.e. by an ''ad hoc'' act granted by a monarch or passed by a parliament or legislature). Most jurisdictions now allow the creation of new corporations through registration. Corporations come in many different types but are usually divided by the law of the jurisdiction where they are chartered based on two aspects: by whether they can issue stock, or by whether they are formed to make a profit. Depending on the number of owners, a corporation can be classified as ''aggregate'' (the subject of this article) or '' sole'' (a legal entity consisting of a single incorporated office occupied by a single natural person). One of the most attrac ...
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French Companies Established In 2000
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with France ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Fortnite French places Arts and media * The French (band), a British rock band * "French" (episode), a live-action episode of ''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!'' * ''Française'' (film), 2008 * French Stewart (born 1964), American actor Other uses * French (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) * French (tunic), a particular type of military jacket or tunic used in the Russian Empire and Soviet Union * French's, an American brand of mustard condiment * French catheter scale, a unit of measurement of diameter * French Defence, a chess opening * French kiss, a type of kiss involving the tongue See also * France (other) * Franch, a surname * Fren ...
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Mass Media Companies Of France
Mass is an intrinsic property of a body. It was traditionally believed to be related to the quantity of matter in a physical body, until the discovery of the atom and particle physics. It was found that different atoms and different elementary particles, theoretically with the same amount of matter, have nonetheless different masses. Mass in modern physics has multiple definitions which are conceptually distinct, but physically equivalent. Mass can be experimentally defined as a measure of the body's inertia, meaning the resistance to acceleration (change of velocity) when a net force is applied. The object's mass also determines the strength of its gravitational attraction to other bodies. The SI base unit of mass is the kilogram (kg). In physics, mass is not the same as weight, even though mass is often determined by measuring the object's weight using a spring scale, rather than balance scale comparing it directly with known masses. An object on the Moon would weigh l ...
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Micromanía
''Micromanía'' is a Spanish computer game magazine. It was founded by the publisher HobbyPress, currently a subsidiary of Axel Springer SE. It was created in May 1985 and is one of the first magazines in Europe exclusively devoted to video games. It was first published soon after ''MicroHobby'', which had been created just a few months earlier by the same publisher. The magazine in its two first periods was a major outlet supporting of the golden era of Spanish software. ''Micromanía'' celebrated its 25th anniversary in 2010. In July 2012, Axel Springer sold ''Micromanía'' to other owner, focussing its video game coverage in its other magazine, ''Hobby Consolas''. ''Micromanía'' team continues the printed magazine independently, published by BlueOcean Publishing. History The first issue of ''Micromanía'' was published in 1985, with new issues released monthly. The publication of the magazine has been divided into three periods, called in Spanish "Épocas". The first period la ...
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Alliance Pour Les Chiffres De La Presse Et Des Médias
OJD (french: link=no, Office de justification de la diffusion, "Circulation Audit Office"), formerly , is a French nonprofit organisation (in French: Association loi de 1901) that certifies the circulation of newspapers and periodicals in France, to provide advertisers with audience measurement figures. History , "Circulation Audit Office"), concerned only with circulation and honest dealing. The secretary-general, Martial Buisson, with Jean Bonherbe at his side, acted as President until 1971. , Michel Cazé, honorary president of UDA and founder member of the OJD , 1977 In 1963, Buisson founded, at Stockholm Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ..., the ''Fédération Internationale'', a federation of the OJD and IFABC, and became its honorary president. In 2005 ...
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Le Parisien
''Le Parisien'' (; French for "The Parisian") is a French daily newspaper covering both international and national news, and local news of Paris and its suburbs. It is owned by LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton SE, better known as LVMH. History and profile The paper was established as ''Le Parisien libéré'' (meaning "The Freed Parisian" in English) by Émilien Amaury in 1944, and was published for the first time on 22 August 1944. The paper was originally launched as the organ of the French underground during the German occupation of France in World War II. The name was changed to the current one in 1986. A national edition exists, called ''Aujourd'hui en France'' (meaning "Today in France" in English). LVMH acquired the paper from Éditions Philippe Amaury in 2015. Circulation ''Le Parisien'' had a circulation near to one million copies in the early 1970s. The paper reached a circulation of 659,200 copies on 24 April 1995, the day after the first round of the presidentia ...
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