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Itaballia
''Itaballia'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Pieridae found in Central and South America.''Itaballis''
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Species

Listed alphabetically: *'''' (Linnaeus, 1763) – crossbarred white, cross-barred white, or black-banded white *'''' (Doubleday, 1844) *''

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Itaballia Pandosia
''Itaballia pandosia'', the Pisonis mimic or brown-bordered white, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is found in the Amazon basin, Amazonian regions of Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and in Central America, Colombia and Venezuela. The habitat consists of primary rainforests."Pisonis Mimic"
''Butterflies of the Amazon and Andes''. ''Learn About Butterflies''. Retrieved January 9, 2020.
It may be a mimicry, mimic of ''Moschoneura pinthous'' The wingspan is about . The larvae possibly feed on the leaves of ''Capparis'' species.
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Itaballia Marana
''Itaballia marana'' is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is found in Ecuador. The larvae possibly feed on the leaves of ''Capparis ''Capparis'' is a flowering plant genus, comprising around 250 species in the family Capparaceae which is included in the Brassicaceae in the unrevised APG II system. These plants are shrubs or lianas and are collectively known as caper shrubs o ...'' species. References Pierini Butterflies described in 1844 Taxa named by Edward Doubleday {{Pieridae-stub ...
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Itaballia Demophile
''Itaballia demophile'', the cross-barred white, crossbarred white, or black-banded white, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is found from the southern United States,Cross-barred White
NABA South Texas and to . The habitat consists of disturbed areas including forest clearings, riverbanks, roadsides, fields, cattle pastures and wasteland.'Black-banded White
Butterflies of the Amazon and Andes
The

Pierini
Pierini is a tribe of butterflies within the family Pieridae. Genera Listed alphabetically: – blackveins *''Appias'' Hübner, 819/small> – puffins and albatrosses *'' Archonias'' Hübner, 1825 *'' Ascia'' Scopoli, 1777 *''Baltia'' Moore, 1878 *'' Belenois'' Hübner, 819/small> – caper whites *'' Catasticta'' Butler, 1870 *'' Cepora'' Billberg, 1820 – gulls *'' Charonias'' Röber, 908/small> *''Delias'' Hübner, 819/small> – Jezebels *'' Dixeia'' Talbot, 1932 *'' Eucheira'' Westwood, 1834 *'' Ganyra'' Billberg, 1820 *'' Glennia'' Klots, 1933 *'' Glutophrissa'' Butler, 1887 *'' Hypsochila'' Ureta, 1955 *'' Infraphulia'' Field, 1958 *'' Itaballia'' Kaye, 1904 *'' Ixias'' Hübner, 819/small> – Indian orange tips *'' Leodonta'' Butler, 1870 *'' Leptophobia'' Butler, 1870 *'' Leuciacria'' Rothschild & Jordan, 1905 *''Melete'' Swainson, 831/small> *'' Mesapia'' Gray, 1856 *'' Mylothris'' Hübner, 819/small> – dotted borders *'' Neophasia'' Behr, 1869 *'' Pereute'' Her ...
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Butterfly
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises the large superfamily (zoology), superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily "Hesperioidea"), and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily "Hedyloidea"). Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, about 56 million years ago. Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, as like most insects they undergo Holometabolism, complete metamorphosis. Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed. The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis. When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs o ...
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South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southern subregion of a single continent called America. South America is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest. The continent generally includes twelve sovereign states: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela; two dependent territories: the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; and one internal territory: French Guiana. In addition, the ABC islands of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Ascension Island (dependency of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, a British Overseas Territory), Bouvet Island ( dependency of Norway), Pa ...
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Central America
Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Central America consists of eight countries: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama. Within Central America is the Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot, which extends from northern Guatemala to central Panama. Due to the presence of several active geologic faults and the Central America Volcanic Arc, there is a high amount of seismic activity in the region, such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes which has resulted in death, injury, and property damage. In the pre-Columbian era, Central America was inhabited by the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica to the north and west and the Isthmo-Colombian peoples to the south and east. Following the Spanish expedition of Christopher Columbus' ...
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Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opini ...
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Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ...
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Tambopata Park
Tambopata National Reserve ( es, Reserva Nacional Tambopata) is a Peruvian nature reserve located in the southeastern region of Madre de Dios. It was established on September 4, 2000, by decree of President Alberto Fujimori. The reserve protects several ecosystems of the tropical rainforest for the preservation of such forest and the sustainable use of forest resources by the peoples around the reserve. Geography Tambopata National Reserve is located south of the Madre de Dios river, in the province of Tambopata, region of Madre de Dios. It reaches the border with Bolivia to the east and borders with Bahuaja Sonene National Park to the south. The area consists of forested hills and plains, with elevations ranging from 200 to 400 m above sea level. The area presents swamps, oxbow lakes and meandering rivers; the main rivers in the reserve being the Tambopata, Malinowski and Heath rivers. Climate The annual mean temperature in the area is 26 Â°C, with a range between 10 ...
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Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ...
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Pieridae
The Pieridae are a large family of butterflies with about 76 genera containing about 1,100 species, mostly from tropical Africa and tropical Asia with some varieties in the more northern regions of North America and Eurasia.DeVries P. J. in Levin S.A. (ed) 2001 The Encyclopaedia of Biodiversity. Academic Press. Most pierid butterflies are white, yellow, or orange in coloration, often with black spots. The pigments that give the distinct coloring to these butterflies are derived from waste products in the body and are a characteristic of this family.Carter, David (2000). ''Butterflies and Moths''. The family was created by William John Swainson in 1820. The name "butterfly" is believed to have originated from a member of this family, the brimstone, ''Gonepteryx rhamni'', which was called the "butter-coloured fly" by early British naturalists. The sexes usually differ, often in the pattern or number of the black markings. The larvae (caterpillars) of a few of these species, such ...
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