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Isorhapontigenin
Isorhapontigenin is a tetrahydroxylated stilbenoid with a methoxy group. It is an isomer of rhapontigenin and an analog of resveratrol. It is found in the Chinese herb ''Gnetum cleistostachyum'', in ''Gnetum parvifolium'' and in the seeds of the palm ''Aiphanes aculeata''. An isorhapontigenin tetramer, gnetuhainin R, can be isolated from the lianas of ''Gnetum hainanense''. Isorhapontin, the isorhapontigenin glucoside, can be found in spruce species such as the Norway spruce (''Picea abies''), the sitka spruce (''Picea sitchensis'') and the white spruce (''Picea glauca''). References Stilbenoids {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhapontigenin
Rhapontigenin is a stilbenoid. It can be isolated from ''Vitis coignetiae'' or from '' Gnetum cleistostachyum''. It shows an action on prostate cancer cells. It has been shown to inhibit the human cytochrome P450 1A1, an enzyme implicated in the biotransformation of a number of carcinogenic and immunotoxic compounds. Injected in rats, rhapontigenin shows a rapid glucuronidation and a poor bioavailability. See also *Rhaponticin Rhaponticin is a stilbenoid glucoside compound. Its aglycone is called rhapontigenin. It can be found in rhubarb rhizomes. It has beneficial effects on diabetic mice, and ''in vitro'' results suggest it may be relevant to Alzheimer's disease with ..., its glucoside, found in rhubarb. * Isorhapontigenin, a structural isomer. References External links * Stilbenoids Cytochrome P450 inhibitors {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isorhapontin
Isorhapontin is a stilbenoid. It is the glucoside of isorhapontigenin. It can be found in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal roots of Norway spruces (''Picea abies''), in the bark of ''Picea sitchensis'' or in white spruce (''Picea glauca ''Picea glauca'', the white spruce, is a species of spruce native to the northern temperate and boreal forests in North America. ''Picea glauca'' is native from central Alaska all through the east, across southern/central Canada to the Avalon Pe ...''). References Stilbenoid glycosides Phenol glucosides {{aromatic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stilbenoid
Stilbenoids are hydroxylated derivatives of stilbene. They have a C6–C2–C6 structure. In biochemical terms, they belong to the family of phenylpropanoids and share most of their biosynthesis pathway with chalcones. Most stilbenoids are produced by plants, and the only known exception is the antihelminthic and antimicrobial stilbenoid, 2-isopropyl-5- ''E'')-2-phenylvinylenzene-1,3-diol, biosynthesized by the Gram-negative bacterium '' Photorhabdus luminescens.'' Chemistry Stilbenoids are hydroxylated derivatives of stilbene and have a C6–C2–C6 structure. They belong to the family of phenylpropanoids and share most of their biosynthesis pathway with chalcones. Under UV irradiation, stilbene and its derivatives undergo intramolecular cyclization, called stilbene photocyclization to form dihydrophenanthrenes. Oligomeric forms are known as oligostilbenoids. Types ;Aglycones * Piceatannol in the roots of Norway spruces * Pinosylvin is a fungal toxin protecting wood f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnetum Cleistostachyum
''Gnetum cleistostachyum'' is a liana species in the ''Sessiles'' subsection of the genus ''Gnetum'' described from South East Yunnan. The name is still invalid and efloras states it is advisable to postpone validating it until more complete collections, particularly with seeds, can be studied. The stilbene derivatives, gnetucleistol A, B and C, gnetifolin A, p-hydroxycinnamic acid, piceatannol, resveratrol, bisisorhapontigenin A, gnetuhainin P, gnetulin, the stilbenolignans, gnetucleistol F, gnetofuran A, lehmbachol D, gnetifolin F and gnetumontanin, gnetucleistol D (2-methoxyoxyresveratrol), gnetucleistol E (3-methoxy-isorhapontigenin), rhapontigenin, isorhapontigenin, 4-methoxyresveratrol and pinosylvin Pinosylvin is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CH=CHC6H3(OH)2. A white solid, it is related to trans-stilbene, but with two hydroxy groups on one of the phenyl substituents. It is very soluble in many organic solvents, such as acetone. O ... can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnetum Parvifolium
''Gnetum'' is a genus of gymnosperms, the sole genus in the family Gnetaceae within the Gnetophyta. They are tropical evergreen trees, shrubs and lianas. Unlike other gymnosperms, they possess vessel elements in the xylem. Some species have been proposed to have been the first plants to be insect-pollination, pollinated as their fossils occur in association with extinct pollinating scorpionflies.Ren D, Labandeira CC, Santiago-Blay JA, Rasnitsyn A, Shih CK, Bashkuev A, Logan MA, Hotton CL, Dilcher D. (2009). Probable Pollination Mode Before Angiosperms: Eurasian, Long-Proboscid Scorpionflies. Science, 326 (5954), 840-847. Molecular phylogenies based on nuclear and plastid sequences from most of the species indicate hybridization among some of the Southeast Asian species. Fossil-calibrated molecular-clocks suggest that the ''Gnetum'' lineages now found in Africa, South America and Southeast Asia are the result of ancient long-distance dispersal across seawater.Won H, Renner SS: The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aiphanes Aculeata
''Aiphanes horrida'' is a palm native to northern South America and Trinidad and Tobago. ''Aiphanes horrida'' is a solitary, spiny tree. In the wild it grows 3–10 metres tall (9–30 feet) tall with a stem diameter of 6–10 centimetres (2–4 inches); cultivated trees may be as much as 15 m (49') tall with a 15 cm (6") diameter. The epicarp and mesocarp of the fruit are rich in carotene and are eaten in Colombia, while the seeds are used to make candles. In parts of the Colombian Llanos endocarps are used to play games. The range of the species is found in dry forests between sea level and 1700 m (5600') above sea level in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela, but is not native to Ecuador. The species is cultivated as an ornamental throughout the tropics. Many authors, including Henderson ''et al.'' (1995) and Borchenius and Bernal (1996) use ''A. aculeata'' rather than ''A. horrida'', giving Jacquin's description of ''Caryota horrida'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnetum Hainanense
''Gnetum'' is a genus of gymnosperms, the sole genus in the family Gnetaceae within the Gnetophyta. They are tropical evergreen trees, shrubs and lianas. Unlike other gymnosperms, they possess vessel elements in the xylem. Some species have been proposed to have been the first plants to be insect-pollinated as their fossils occur in association with extinct pollinating scorpionflies.Ren D, Labandeira CC, Santiago-Blay JA, Rasnitsyn A, Shih CK, Bashkuev A, Logan MA, Hotton CL, Dilcher D. (2009). Probable Pollination Mode Before Angiosperms: Eurasian, Long-Proboscid Scorpionflies. Science, 326 (5954), 840-847. Molecular phylogenies based on nuclear and plastid sequences from most of the species indicate hybridization among some of the Southeast Asian species. Fossil-calibrated molecular-clocks suggest that the ''Gnetum'' lineages now found in Africa, South America and Southeast Asia are the result of ancient long-distance dispersal across seawater.Won H, Renner SS: The internal tran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Picea Abies
''Picea abies'', the Norway spruce or European spruce, is a species of spruce native to Northern Europe, Northern, Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe. It has branchlets that typically hang downwards, and the largest cones of any spruce, 9–17 cm long. It is very closely related to the Siberian spruce (''Picea obovata''), which replaces it east of the Ural Mountains, and with which it hybridizes freely. The Norway spruce has a wide distribution for it being planted for its wood, and is the species used as the main Christmas tree in several countries around the world. It was the first gymnosperm to have its genome sequenced. The Latin binomial nomenclature, specific epithet ''abies'' means “like ''Abies'', Fir tree” Description Norway spruce is a large, fast-growing evergreen coniferous tree growing tall and with a trunk diameter of 1 to 1.5 m. It can grow fast when young, up to 1 m per year for the first 25 years under good conditions, but becomes slower once ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Picea Sitchensis
''Picea sitchensis'', the Sitka spruce, is a large, coniferous, evergreen tree growing to almost tall, with a trunk diameter at breast height that can exceed 5 m (16 ft). It is by far the largest species of spruce and the fifth-largest conifer in the world (behind giant sequoia, coast redwood, kauri, and western red cedar), and the third-tallest conifer species (after coast redwood and coast Douglas fir). The Sitka spruce is one of the few species documented to exceed in height. Its name is derived from the community of Sitka in southeast Alaska, where it is prevalent. Its range hugs the western coast of Canada and the US, continuing south into northernmost California. Description The bark is thin and scaly, flaking off in small, circular plates across. The inner bark is reddish-brown. The crown is broad conic in young trees, becoming cylindric in older trees; old trees may not have branches lower than . The shoots are very pale buff-brown, almost white, and glab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Picea Glauca
''Picea glauca'', the white spruce, is a species of spruce native to the northern temperate and boreal forests in North America. ''Picea glauca'' is native from central Alaska all through the east, across southern/central Canada to the Avalon Peninsula in Newfoundland, and south to Montana, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Upstate New York and Vermont, along with the mountainous and immediate coastal portions of New Hampshire and Maine, where temperatures are just barely cool and moist enough to support it. There is also an isolated population in the Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming. It is also known as Canadian spruce, skunk spruce, cat spruce, Black Hills spruce, western white spruce, Alberta white spruce, and Porsild spruce. Description The white spruce is a large evergreen conifer which normally grows to tall, but can grow up to tall with a trunk diameter of up to . The bark is thin and scaly, flaking off in small circular plates across. The crown is narrowconical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
