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Isaac Ben Mordecai
Isaac ben Mordecai, known as Maestro Gajo, was an Italian Jewish physician. He acted as physician to Pope Nicholas IV or Pope Boniface VIII, at the end of the thirteenth century. For him Nathan of Cento translated into Hebrew an Arabic work by 'Ammar ibn Ali al-Mauṣili, on the cure of diseases of the eye. Gajo was held in great esteem by the physicians Zerahiah ben Shealtiel Ḥen and Hillel ben Samuel of Verona. From Forlì, the latter wrote to Gajo two long letters (see "Ḥemdah Genuzah," pp. 18-22) on the dispute concerning Maimonides's doctrines, which Gajo followed with interest. References * Grätz, ''Geschichte'' 3d ed., vii. 160, 165; *Vogelstein and Rieger Rieger and de Reiger are surnames. Notable people with the surname include: *August Rieger *Bernhard Rieger, German Prelate of the Roman Catholic Church * Durhane Wong-Rieger, Canadian physician *Erich Rieger, German astrophysicist * František Lad ..., ''Geschichte der Juden in Rom'', i. 252-254 External linksS ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Nicholas IV
Pope Nicholas IV ( la, Nicolaus IV; 30 September 1227 – 4 April 1292), born Girolamo Masci, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 February 1288 to his death on 4 April 1292. He was the first Franciscan to be elected pope.McBrien, Richard P., ''Live of the Popes'', p.226, Harper Collins, 2000 Early life Jerome Masci (Girolamo Masci) was born on 30 September 1227 at Lisciano, near Ascoli Piceno. He was a pious, peace-loving man whose goals as a Franciscan friar were to protect the Church, promote the crusades, and root out heresy. According to Heinrich of Rebdorf, he was a Doctor of Theology. As a Franciscan friar, he had been elected the Order's superior (minister) for Dalmatia during the Franciscan general chapter held at Pisa in 1272. Pope Gregory X (1271-1276), was sending a legate to the Byzantine emperor, Michael VIII Palaiologos, in 1272, to invite the participation of Byzantine prelates in the Second Council of Lyons. The pope's ambition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Boniface VIII
Pope Boniface VIII ( la, Bonifatius PP. VIII; born Benedetto Caetani, c. 1230 – 11 October 1303) was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 24 December 1294 to his death in 1303. The Caetani, Caetani family was of baronial origin, with connections to the papacy. He succeeded Pope Celestine V, who had papal resignation, abdicated from the papal throne. Boniface spent his early career abroad in diplomatic roles. Boniface VIII put forward some of the strongest claims of any pope to temporal as well as spiritual power. He involved himself often with foreign affairs, including in France, Sicily, Italy and the First War of Scottish Independence. These views, and his chronic intervention in "temporal" affairs, led to many bitter quarrels with Albert I of Germany, Philip IV of France, and Dante Alighieri, who placed the pope in the Eighth Circle of Hell in his ''Divine Comedy'', among the simony, simoniacs. Boniface systematized canon law (Catholic Church), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nathan Of Cento
Nathan ben Eliezer ha-Me'ati was an Italian Jewish translator, the earliest known member of the Ha-Me'ati family that flourished at Rome in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. He was called the "Prince of Translators" and the "Italian Tibbonide". Life He lived in Rome from 1279 to 1283. His native place seems to have been Cento, hence his name "Me'ati," which is the Hebrew equivalent of "Cento" (= 100). After acquiring many languages during long wanderings, he settled at Rome, where he translated scientific and especially medical works from Arabic into Hebrew. This was to take the place, as he declared, of the medical literature of the Jews which had existed even at the time of Solomon but had been lost, and to silence the mockery of the Christians, who said that the Jews had no such literature. Works His translations are: * 'Ammar ben 'Ali al-Mausuli's "Al-Muntaḥib fi 'Ilaj al-'Ain," on the treatment of the eye *The ''Canon'' of Avicenna *The aphorisms of Hippocrates with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zerahiah Ben Shealtiel Ḥen
Zerahiah ben Shealtiel Ḥen, also called Zerahiah ben Shealtiel Gracian or Serachja ben Isaac Ben Shealtiel Halevi (fl. 1270-1290s) was a Spanish Jewish physician, philosopher, translator, and Hebraist. He flourished about the end of the thirteenth century. He was born either at Barcelona, or at Toledo. He is sometimes confused with Zerahiah ben Isaac ha-Levi Saladin, also a translator. Life Zerahiah went to Rome about 1277, and wrote all his works there before 1290. In writing to the physician Hillel of Verona, he makes the point that while commenting upon the difficult passages of the ''Moreh'', he followed the criticisms of Naḥmanides. It may be inferred from his commentary to the Book of Job that Arabic was his native language. Works He wrote a philosophical commentary to the Book of Proverbs, finished November 28, 1288; another to Job, in which he derives many words from the Arabic. Both commentaries were published by Schwarz: the former in "Ha-Shaḥar" (ii. 65-80, 105- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hillel Ben Samuel Of Verona
Hillel ben Samuel (c. 1220 – Forlì, c. 1295) was an Italian physician, philosopher, and Talmudist. He was the grandson of the Talmudic scholar Eliezer ben Samuel of Verona. Life He spent his youth at Barcelona, where he studied the Talmud and natural sciences, his teacher in the study of the former being Yonah Gerondi, distinguished for his piety and rabbinical scholarship. Hillel, witnessing Gerondi's sincere repentance for his behavior in the Maimonides controversy at Montpellier, himself began to study Maimonides' religio-philosophical works, of which he became one of the most enthusiastic admirers. He studied medicine at Montpellier, and practised successively at Rome, where he formed a friendship with the papal physician in ordinary, Maestro Isaac Gajo; at Capua (1260–1271), where, having attained fame as physician and philosopher, he lectured on philosophy, among his hearers being Abraham Abulafia; and at Ferrara, where he had relatives. In his old age he retired to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forlì
Forlì ( , ; rgn, Furlè ; la, Forum Livii) is a ''comune'' (municipality) and city in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy, and is the capital of the province of Forlì-Cesena. It is the central city of Romagna. The city is situated along the Via Emilia, to the east of the Montone river, and is an important agricultural centre. The city hosts some of Italy's culturally and artistically significant landmarks; it is also notable as the birthplace of painters Melozzo da Forlì and Marco Palmezzano, humanist historian Flavio Biondo, physicians Geronimo Mercuriali and Giovanni Battista Morgagni. The University Campus of Forlì (part of the University of Bologna) is specialized in Economics, Engineering, Political Sciences as well as the Advanced school of Modern Languages for Interpreters and Translators (SSLMIT). Climate The climate of the area is humid subtropical (''Cfa'' in the Köppen climate classification) with Mediterranean features, fairly mitigated by the relative closeness ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maimonides
Musa ibn Maimon (1138–1204), commonly known as Maimonides (); la, Moses Maimonides and also referred to by the acronym Rambam ( he, רמב״ם), was a Sephardic Jewish philosopher who became one of the most prolific and influential Torah scholars of the Middle Ages. In his time, he was also a preeminent astronomer and physician, serving as the personal physician of Saladin. Born in Córdoba, Almoravid Empire (present-day Spain), on Passover eve, 1138 (or 1135), he worked as a rabbi, physician and philosopher in Morocco and Egypt. He died in Egypt on 12 December 1204, when his body was taken to the lower Galilee and buried in Tiberias. During his lifetime, most Jews greeted Maimonides' writings on Jewish law and ethics with acclaim and gratitude, even as far away as Iraq and Yemen. Yet, while Maimonides rose to become the revered head of the Jewish community in Egypt, his writings also had vociferous critics, particularly in Spain. Nonetheless, he was posthumously ackno ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Graetz
Heinrich Graetz (; 31 October 1817 – 7 September 1891) was amongst the first historians to write a comprehensive history of the Jewish people from a Jewish perspective. Born Tzvi Hirsch Graetz to a butcher family in Xions (now Książ Wielkopolski), Grand Duchy of Posen, in Prussia (now in Poland), he attended Breslau University, but since Jews at that time were barred from receiving Ph.D.s there, he obtained his doctorate from the University of Jena.''Encyclopaedia Judaica'' (2007, 2nd ed.) entry on "Graetz, Heinrich," by Shmuel Ettinger and Marcus Pyka After 1845 he was principal of the school of the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vogelstein
Vogelstein is the surname of: * Bert Vogelstein (born 1949), an American Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at The Johns Hopkins University * Carl Christian Vogel von Vogelstein (1788–1868), German painter * Rabbi Heinemann Vogelstein (1841–1911), German liberal rabbi ** Rabbi (1870–1942), German-American historian, liberal rabbi ** Ludwig Vogelstein (1871–1934), German-American industrialist and philanthropist ** (1880–1957), banker and industrialist ** Julie Braun-Vogelstein Julie Braun-Vogelstein (1883–1971) was a German-born American art historian, author, editor, and journalist. Biography She was born in Stettin in Germany (now Szczecin, Poland). Julie Vogelstein was the daughter of rabbi Heinemann Vogelstein a ... (1883–1971), German-American art historian, author, editor, and journalist {{surname, Vogelstein German-language surnames Surnames of Jewish origin Jewish families Yiddish-language surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rieger
Rieger and de Reiger are surnames. Notable people with the surname include: *August Rieger *Bernhard Rieger, German Prelate of the Roman Catholic Church * Durhane Wong-Rieger, Canadian physician *Erich Rieger, German astrophysicist * František Ladislav Rieger, Czech politician and leader of nationalist movement *Fritz Rieger, German conductor *Gottfried Rieger (1764–1855), Austrian composer * James E. Rieger, American lawyer and US Army officer * Janusz Rieger, Polish linguist *Joerg Rieger (born 1963), American professor *Jürgen Rieger, German lawyer and Holocaust denier * Ladislav Svante Rieger, Czech mathematician *Max Rieger (born 1946), German alpine skier * Nicole Rieger, German pole-vaulter *Sabine Günther née Rieger, East German athlete * Silvia Rieger, German athlete See also * De Reiger, a smock mill in Nijetrijne, Friesland, Netherlands * De Dans van de Reiger, a 1966 Dutch film * Rieger Orgelbau, Austrian organ-building firm * Rieger–Kloss Rieger–Kloss is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th-century Italian Jews
The 13th century was the century which lasted from January 1, 1201 ( MCCI) through December 31, 1300 ( MCCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Mongol Empire was founded by Genghis Khan, which stretched from Eastern Asia to Eastern Europe. The conquests of Hulagu Khan and other Mongol invasions changed the course of the Muslim world, most notably the Siege of Baghdad (1258), the destruction of the House of Wisdom and the weakening of the Mamluks and Rums which, according to historians, caused the decline of the Islamic Golden Age. Other Muslim powers such as the Mali Empire and Delhi Sultanate conquered large parts of West Africa and the Indian subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ..., while Buddhism witnessed a decline through the conques ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
