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Iridomyrmex Purpureus
''Iridomyrmex'' is a genus of ants called rainbow ants (referring to their blue-green iridescent sheen) first described by Austrian entomologist Gustav Mayr in 1862. He placed the genus in the subfamily Dolichoderinae of the family Formicidae. It has 79 described species and five fossil species. Most of these ants are native to Australia; others are found in Asia and Oceania, and they have been introduced to Brazil, New Zealand, and the United Arab Emirates. Fossil species are known from China, France, and the United States. These ants are known to be an ecologically dominant and important group of ants, but they are sometimes regarded as pests because they disturb soil and enter human houses. Farmers in rural Australia place animal carcasses on meat ant ('' I. purpureus'') mounds as a method of disposing of them; meat ants consume the carcass and reduce it to bones in a matter of weeks. Meat ants also engage in ritualised fighting, which helps prevent casualties and solve te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meat Ant
The meat ant (''Iridomyrmex purpureus''), also known as the gravel ant or southern meat ant, is a species of ant endemic to Australia. A member of the genus ''Iridomyrmex'' in the subfamily Dolichoderinae, it was described by British entomologist Frederick Smith in 1858. The meat ant is associated with many common names due to its appearance, nest-building behaviour and abundance, of which its specific name, ''purpureus'', refers to its coloured appearance. It is among the best-known species of ant found throughout Australia; it occurs in almost all states and territories except for Tasmania. Its enormous distribution, aggression and ecological importance have made this ant a dominant species. The meat ant is monomorphic (occurs in a particular form), although there is evidence that certain populations can be polymorphic. It is characterised by its dark-bluish body and red head. It is a medium to large species, measuring . The workers and males are approximately the same ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cane Toad
The cane toad (''Rhinella marina''), also known as the giant neotropical toad or marine toad, is a large, terrestrial true toad native to South and mainland Central America, but which has been introduced to various islands throughout Oceania and the Caribbean, as well as Northern Australia. It is a member of the genus ''Rhinella'', which includes many true toad species found throughout Central and South America, but it was formerly assigned to the genus ''Bufo''. The cane toad is an old species. A fossil toad (specimen UCMP 41159) from the La Venta fauna of the late Miocene in Colombia is indistinguishable from modern cane toads from northern South America. It was discovered in a floodplain deposit, which suggests the ''R. marina'' habitat preferences have long been for open areas. The cane toad is a prolific breeder; females lay single-clump spawns with thousands of eggs. Its reproductive success is partly because of opportunistic feeding: it has a diet, unusual among anuran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ochetellus
''Ochetellus'' is a genus of ants first described by Steve Shattuck in 1992. He placed it in the subfamily Dolichoderinae of the family Formicidae. The ants in this genus are small and black in colour; workers measure in length, the males at around are smaller, and the queens are the largest, reaching . There are seven described species and three described subspecies that mostly live in Australia in a wide variety of habitats, but some species are found in Asia. One species, ''Ochetellus glaber'', has been introduced into New Zealand and the United States. The colonies are found in rotten wood, in the ground, under rocks or stones and in urban areas. The ants are both diurnal and nocturnal and forage on trees, in low vegetation and into human homes, where they are regarded as pests. These ants eat a variety of foods, including fruits, insects, sucrose, nectar and bird feces. They visit various flowers and attend to a variety of butterfly larvae. The thorny devil, an Austral ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turneria
''Turneria'' is a genus of ants that belongs to the subfamily Dolichoderinae Dolichoderinae is a subfamily of ants, which includes species such as the Argentine ant (''Linepithema humile''), the erratic ant, the odorous house ant, and the cone ant. The subfamily presents a great diversity of species throughout the world .... Known from Australia, they form small colonies of fewer than 500 workers, and nest in trees and twigs. Species *'' Turneria arbusta'' Shattuck, 1990 *'' Turneria bidentata'' Forel, 1895 *'' Turneria collina'' Shattuck, 1990 *'' Turneria dahlii'' Forel, 1901 *'' Turneria frenchi'' Forel, 1911 *'' Turneria pacifica'' Mann, 1919 *'' Turneria postomma'' Shattuck, 1990 *'' Turneria rosschinga'' Shattuck, 2011 References External links * Dolichoderinae Ant genera Hymenoptera of Australia {{Dolichoderinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philidris
''Philidris'' is a genus of ants in the subfamily Dolichoderinae. The genus is known from tropical forests from eastern India to northern Australia. It is similar to the genus ''Iridomyrmex'', from where the type species was transferred from by Shattuck (1992). Species *''Philidris brunnea'' (Donisthorpe, 1949) *''Philidris cordata'' (Smith, 1859) *''Philidris cruda'' (Smith, 1860) *''Philidris jiugongshanensis'' Wang & Wu, 2007 *''Philidris laevigata'' (Emery, 1895) *''Philidris myrmecodiae'' (Emery, 1887) *''Philidris nagasau'' (Mann, 1921) *''Philidris notiala'' Zhou & Zheng, 1998 *''Philidris pubescens'' (Donisthorpe, 1949) References External links * Phildris on AntWiki Dolichoderinae Ant genera Hymenoptera of Asia Hymenoptera of Australia {{Dolichoderinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papyrius (ant)
''Papyrius'' is a genus of ants in the subfamily Dolichoderinae. The genus is known only from Australia and New Guinea, where they nest in dead wood in forested areas. Species * ''Papyrius flavus'' (Mayr, 1865) * ''Papyrius nitidus ''Papyrius nitidus'' is a species of ant in the genus '' Papyrius''. Endemic to Australia and New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , historically ) is the world's second-largest island with an area of . Loc ...'' (Mayr, 1862) References External links * Dolichoderinae Ant genera Hymenoptera of Australia {{Dolichoderinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nebothriomyrmex
''Nebothriomyrmex'' is a genus of ants in the subfamily Dolichoderinae containing the single species ''Nebothriomyrmex majeri''. The genus is known from Western Australia Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to th .... References External links * Dolichoderinae Monotypic ant genera Hymenoptera of Australia {{Dolichoderinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anonychomyrma
''Anonychomyrma'' is a genus of ants in the subfamily Dolichoderinae. Distribution and habitat The genus is mainly distributed in New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Australia; a single species is known from Malaysia and Indonesia. They nest on the ground or in trees, with colonies consisting of 500 to tens of thousands individuals. Species *'' Anonychomyrma anguliceps'' (Forel, 1901) *'' Anonychomyrma angusta'' (Stitz, 1911) *'' Anonychomyrma arcadia'' (Forel, 1915) *'' Anonychomyrma biconvexa'' (Santschi, 1928) *'' Anonychomyrma dimorpha'' (Viehmeyer, 1912) *'' Anonychomyrma extensa'' (Emery, 1887) *'' Anonychomyrma fornicata'' (Emery, 1914) *'' Anonychomyrma froggatti'' (Forel, 1902) *'' Anonychomyrma gigantea'' (Donisthorpe, 1943) *''Anonychomyrma gilberti'' (Forel, 1902) *'' Anonychomyrma glabrata'' (Smith, 1857) *'' Anonychomyrma incisa'' (Stitz, 1932) *''Anonychomyrma itinerans ''Anonychomyrma itinerans'' is a species of ant in the genus ''Anonychomyrma''. Described by Lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doleromyrma
''Doleromyrma'' is a genus of ants in the subfamily Dolichoderinae. The genus is native to Australia, where the ants nest in soil, or under stones or logs. Species * '' Doleromyrma darwiniana'' (Forel, 1907) – native to Australia, and introduced to New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island count ... **''Doleromyrma darwiniana fida'' (Forel, 1907) **''Doleromyrma darwiniana leae'' (Forel, 1913) * '' Doleromyrma rottnestensis'' (Wheeler, 1934) References External links * Dolichoderinae Ant genera Hymenoptera of Australia {{Dolichoderinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogeny
A phylogenetic tree (also phylogeny or evolutionary tree Felsenstein J. (2004). ''Inferring Phylogenies'' Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA.) is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics. All life on Earth is part of a single phylogenetic tree, indicating common ancestry. In a ''rooted'' phylogenetic tree, each node with descendants represents the inferred most recent common ancestor of those descendants, and the edge lengths in some trees may be interpreted as time estimates. Each node is called a taxonomic unit. Internal nodes are generally called hypothetical taxonomic units, as they cannot be directly observed. Trees are useful in fields of biology such as bioinformatics, systematics, and phylogenetics. ''Unrooted'' trees illustrate only the relatedness of the leaf nodes and do not require the ancestral root to be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladogram
A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to descendants, nor does it show how much they have changed, so many differing evolutionary trees can be consistent with the same cladogram. A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade, a group of organisms with a last common ancestor. There are many shapes of cladograms but they all have lines that branch off from other lines. The lines can be traced back to where they branch off. These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor (not an actual entity) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it. This hypothetical ancestor might then provide clues about the order of evolution of various features, adaptation, and other evolutionary narratives about ance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oligocene
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain. The name Oligocene was coined in 1854 by the German paleontologist Heinrich Ernst Beyrich from his studies of marine beds in Belgium and Germany. The name comes from the Ancient Greek (''olígos'', "few") and (''kainós'', "new"), and refers to the sparsity of extant forms of molluscs. The Oligocene is preceded by the Eocene Epoch and is followed by the Miocene Epoch. The Oligocene is the third and final epoch of the Paleogene Period. The Oligocene is often considered an important time of transition, a link between the archaic world of the tropical Eocene and the more modern ecosystems of the Miocene. Major changes during the Oligocene included a global expansion o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
