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Independence Commemorative Decoration (Rhodesia)
The Independence Commemorative Decoration was a Rhodesian civil decoration awarded to persons who had rendered valuable service to Rhodesia. The award was instituted in 1970 by Presidential Warrant, the first awards being made the same year. Recipients were entitled to the post-nominal letters ''ICD''. The medal was a circular bronze medal worn on the breast. The obverse bore the shield from Rhodesia's coat of arms and the legend ''COMMEMORATION OF INDEPENDENCE RHODESIA'', while the reverse was blank. The medal was impressed in small capitals with the recipient's name on the rim, and was awarded with a case of issue, miniature medal for wear, and an illuminated certificate. The ribbon consisted of five equal stripes, green, white, gold, white, green, identical to the Independence Decoration. Over 150 awards of the Independence Commemorative Decoration were made between 1970 and 1978.''Rhodesia Medal Roll'', p22-24 Most recipients were political supporters or allies of the Rhodesia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Decoration
Civil awards and decorations are awarded to civilians for distinguished service or for eminence in a field of endeavour. Military personnel might also be eligible for services of a non-military nature. There are various forms of civil awards and decorations, including the following. *Orders of chivalry, usually in several classes, for distinguished service to the government, the community, society or humanity. One example that is non-military in nature would be the British Order of St Michael and St George. Other orders may contain both military and civil divisions, such as the Order of the British Empire. *State orders that are not orders of chivalry, for service to the government, the community, society or humanity. An example would be the Order of Canada, or certain Orders of the Russian Federation. *Awards and decorations for service to the government or for eminence in a field of endeavour. Examples are the American Congressional Gold Medal, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jack Malloch
John McVicar Malloch ICD, was a South African-born Rhodesian bush pilot, gun-runner and ''sanctions-buster'' who flew in World War II and in various legal and illegal roles around Africa and the Middle East until the early 1980s. in 1978, he was the final recipient of the Rhodesian civil Independence Commemorative Decoration for services rendered to the country. Early life Jack Malloch was born in Durban, Natal, South Africa on 8 October 1920. In 1925, his family moved to Umtali (now Mutare) in the eastern highlands of Southern Rhodesia. He was sent back to South Africa in 1933 to attend a boarding school in Somerset West in the Cape Province, but was withdrawn from the school in 1935 to begin working as a garage mechanic. In 1936 he earned a driver's licence and began driving for the railways. World War II In 1943 Malloch was accepted into the Royal Air Force; in December 1943 he received his pilot's wings and was sent to an operational squadron where he saw service as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubidge Stumbles
Albert Rubidge Washington Stumbles, GLM, ICD (20 January 1904 – 2 August 1978) was a Southern Rhodesian lawyer and politician. After serving as a minister under Garfield Todd and Edgar Whitehead, Stumbles became the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Southern Rhodesia (House of Assembly from 1970) in 1964, a post he held until 1972. As Speaker, Stumbles is best remembered for his acceptance of Southern Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence in 1965. Biography Stumbles was born in Fort Beaufort, Cape Colony, the son of Robert Washington Stumbles, a bank manager and a distant relative of George Washington. In 1913, he moved with his family from Bloemfontein to Southern Rhodesia, where they settled in Bulawayo. He was educated at the Milton High School in Bulawayo and St. Andrew's School, Bloemfontein. After a short spell in the Southern Rhodesian civil service as a clerk, Stumbles was admitted to practice law in Southern Rhodesia in 1926. He moved with his paren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Smith (Rhodesian Politician)
David Colville Smith (19 April 1922 – 9 July 1996) was a farmer and politician in Rhodesia and its successor states, Zimbabwe Rhodesia and Zimbabwe. He served in the cabinet of Rhodesia as Minister of Agriculture from 1968 to 1976, Minister of Finance from 1976 to 1979, and Minister of Commerce and Industry from 1978 to 1979. From 1976 to 1979, he also served Deputy Prime Minister of Rhodesia. He continued to serve as Minister of Finance in the government of Zimbabwe Rhodesia in 1979. In 1980, he was appointed Minister of Trade and Commerce of the newly independent Zimbabwe, one of two whites included in the cabinet of Prime Minister Robert Mugabe. Born in Kintyre, Scotland, Smith emigrated to Southern Rhodesia in 1946 to take up farming. Initially a farm assistant, he rose to become a farm manager and later co-founded a farming enterprise of his own in Mazowe. He was elected to the Southern Rhodesian Legislative Assembly in 1965, the year of Rhodesia's Unilateral Declarati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jack Pithey
Jack William Pithey (born 30 December 1903, date of death unknown) was a Rhodesian politician who served as the unrecognised state's Acting President between 1 November 1978 and 5 March 1979. He was also the President of the Senate of Rhodesia from 1970 to 1978 having previously been Member of Parliament for the Avondale constituency in north-west Salisbury (now Harare) between 1964 and 1970. History Jack Pithey was born in Potchefstroom in the Transvaal on 30 December 1903; he moved to Rhodesia on 5 September 1923. He was Secretary for Justice and Internal Affairs between 1958 and 1961 during the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, and later the Secretary for Justice in Rhodesia between 1962 and 1963. He was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1963 New Year Honours. Family He married Mary Wood on 1 September 1931; they had two sons and a daughter. Both his sons, Tony Tony may refer to: People and fictional characters * Tony (given name), inclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Hope Hall
Richard Brathwaite Hope Hall ICD (5 June 1924 – 17 November 2007) was a British-born merchant banker, businessman, and politician active in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) during the 1960s and 70s. A member of Prime Minister Ian Smith's UDI cabinet, he served as a member of parliament in Rhodesia's House of Assembly from 1965 to 1976. He began his political career as a member of the Dominion Party, and served as its chairman from 1960 to 1962. In 1962, he was a founding member of the Rhodesian Front, but switched to the Rhodesian Action Party in 1976. After unsuccessfully running for re-election in 1977, he moved back to the United Kingdom, where he lived until his death. Early life and education Hope Hall was born on 5 June 1924 in Bideford, Devon, England, United Kingdom. He was educated at Charterhouse School in Godalming, then he served in the Royal Navy during World War II as a Lieutenant in the Royal Naval Reserve where he was mentioned in Despatches. During the war, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roger Hawkins (politician)
Roger Tancred Robert Hawkins GLM ICD (25 April 1915 – 3 March 1980) was a Rhodesian politician and member of Ian Smith’s cabinet in the years following Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence.Obituary in ''The Times'', ''Roger Hawkins'', 8 March 1980, p. 14 He was one of the founder members of the Rhodesian Front. Life Roger Tancred Robert Hawkins was born in Letchworth, England on 25 April 1915. He was the son of Harry Bradford Tancred Hawkins and was educated at Bedford Modern School and King's College London. At the outbreak of World War II, Hawkins served with the Rhodesian Forces in 1939 and received his commission in Cairo in 1940. He joined the 1st Battalion, Northern Rhodesia Regiment in 1941 and served in East Africa, Ceylon and Burma. After the war, Hawkins pursued business interests and, before entering politics, was an acknowledged mining expert and owner in Selukwe where Ian Smith was also a prominent farmer. He was elected President of the Rh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe (), officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the south-west, Zambia to the north, and Mozambique to the east. The capital and largest city is Harare. The second largest city is Bulawayo. A country of roughly 15 million people, Zimbabwe has 16 official languages, with English, Shona language, Shona, and Northern Ndebele language, Ndebele the most common. Beginning in the 9th century, during its late Iron Age, the Bantu peoples, Bantu people (who would become the ethnic Shona people, Shona) built the city-state of Great Zimbabwe which became one of the major African trade centres by the 11th century, controlling the gold, ivory and copper trades with the Swahili coast, which were connected to Arab and Indian states. By the mid 15th century, the city-state had been abandoned. From there, the Kingdom of Zimbabwe was established, fol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zimbabwe Rhodesia
Zimbabwe Rhodesia (), alternatively known as Zimbabwe-Rhodesia, also informally known as Zimbabwe or Rhodesia, and sometimes as Rhobabwe, was a short-lived sovereign state that existed from 1 June to 12 December 1979. Zimbabwe Rhodesia was preceded by another state named the Republic of Rhodesia and was briefly under a British-supervised transitional government sometimes referred to as a reestablished Southern Rhodesia, which according to British constitutional theory had remained the lawful government in the area after Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) in 1965. About three months later, the re-established colony of Southern Rhodesia was granted internationally recognised independence within the Commonwealth as the Republic of Zimbabwe. Under pressure from the international community to satisfy the civil rights movement by black people in Rhodesia, an "Internal Settlement" was drawn up between the Smith administration of Rhodesia and moderate African nationalist p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Affretair
Affretair (National Cargo Airline of Zimbabwe) was a cargo airline based in Zimbabwe. History Affretair was formed as a Gabon-based associate company of Air Trans Africa, when a Douglas DC-8 aircraft was acquired in the early 1970s for overseas freight operations. This was part of the Rhodesian "sanctions-busting" operations, where Rhodesian high-quality beef was flown by Douglas DC-7F to Gabon by Air Trans Africa, and then carried by Affretair to Europe. In the 1980s Affretair operated two Douglas DC-8-50F aircraft on cargo flights to Europe and within Africa. It was taken over by Air Zimbabwe in 1983. In August 1997 it was reported that Affretair's Douglas DC-8 had been grounded the previous month as it no longer met required international standards and would no longer be allowed to land at some airports in Europe. The Zimbabwean government stepped in to save Affretair from collapse by facilitating a multimillion-dollar deal with a British aviation company, Aviation Star, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrew Skeen (Rhodesia)
Brigadier Andrew Skeen ( – 11 May 1984) was a British Army officer, and Rhodesian politician who served as the last High Commissioner from Rhodesia to the United Kingdom. Early life and career Born in India, Skeen was the son of General Sir Andrew Skeen. He was commissioned into the British Army in 1926, rising to the rank of Brigadier. He retired from the British Army in 1947 and moved to the self-governing colony of Southern Rhodesia and settled in Vumba in Umtali district. Skeen opposed the creation of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland in 1953, as he saw it as not in the best interests of the white community in Southern Rhodesia, and by 1962, Skeen had joined the Rhodesian Front party of Ian Smith. High Commissioner Skeen served as the High Commissioner for Rhodesia in London from 22 July to 12 November 1965. His total tenure lasted 115 days. On 11 November 1965, when Rhodesia announced its Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI), Skeen was summo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independence Decoration (Rhodesia)
The Independence Decoration was a Rhodesian civil decoration awarded to persons who played a notable and significant part in the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in 1965. Institution The award was instituted in 1970 by Presidential Warrant, the first awards being made the same year. Medal The medal was a sterling silver circular medal worn on the breast. The obverse bore the arms of Rhodesia and the legend RHODESIA INDEPENDENCE ELEVENTH NOVEMBER 1965, while the reverse was blank. The medal was impressed in small capitals with the recipient's name on the rim, and was awarded with a case of issue, miniature medal for wear, and an illuminated certificate. The ribbon consisted of five equal stripes, green, white, gold, white, green. When the ribbon alone was worn, it bore a green rosette to distinguish it from the Independence Commemorative Decoration. Recipients 29 awards of the Independence Decoration were made between 1970 and 1979.''Rhodesia Medal Roll'', p. 21 Twenty-e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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