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Imperial Society For The Encouragement Of The Arts
The Imperial Society for the Encouragement of the Arts (Russian: Императорское общество поощрения художеств (ОПХ)) was an organization devoted to promoting the arts that existed in Saint Petersburg from 1820 to 1929. It was the oldest society of its kind in Russia. Until 1882 it was called the "Society for the Encouragement of Artists". After 1917, it became the "All-Russian Society for the Encouragement of the Arts". History The Society was founded by a group of influential patrons (including Ivan Alexeyevich Gagarin, Pyotr Andreyevich Kikin and Alexander Dmitriev-Mamonov) with the aim of assisting development in the fine arts, the diffusion of knowledge related to the arts, and the education of painters and sculptors.History of the Society @ the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obshchestvo Pooshchreniya Khudozhestv S
Obshchina ( rus, община, p=ɐpˈɕːinə, literally "commune") or mir (russian: мир, literally "society", among other meanings), or selskoye obshchestvo (russian: сельское общество, literally "rural community", official term in the 19th and 20th century; sil's'ke tovarystvo, uk, сільське товариство, literally "rural community"), were peasant village communities as opposed to individual farmsteads, or khutors, in Imperial Russia. The term derives from the word ''obshchiy'' (russian: общий, literally "common"). The mir was a community consisting of former serfs, or state peasants and their descendants, settled as a rule in a single village, although sometimes a village included more than one mir and, conversely, several villages were sometimes combined in a single mir. The title of the land was vested in the mir and not in the individual peasant. Members of the mir had the right to the allotment, on some uniform basis, of a holding t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Kramskoi
Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoi (russian: Ива́н Никола́евич Крамско́й; June 8 (O.S. May 27), 1837, Ostrogozhsk – April 6 (O.S. March 24), 1887, Saint Petersburg) was a Russian painter and art critic. He was an intellectual leader of the art movement known as the Wanderers between 1860–1880. Life Kramskoi came from an impoverished petit-bourgeois family. From 1857 to 1863 he studied at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts; he reacted against academic art and was an initiator of the "Revolt of the Fourteen" which ended with the expulsion from the Academy of a group of its graduates, who organized the ''Artel of Artists'' (""). Influenced by the ideas of the Russian revolutionary democrats, Kramskoi asserted the high public duty of the artist, principles of realism, and the moral substance and nationality of art. He became one of the main founders and ideologists of the Company of Itinerant Art Exhibitions (or Peredvizhniki). In 1863–1868 he taught at the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavel Sergeyevich Stroganov
Count Pavel Sergeyevich Stroganov (russian: Па́вел Серге́евич Стро́ганов; 13 April 1823 - 17 December 1911) was an art collector, philanthropist, and cup-bearer at the Imperial Court. Early life Stroganov was born on 13 April 1823 in Saint Petersburg. He was the second son among the four sons and three daughters of Count Sergei Grigoryevich Stroganov and Countess Natalia Pavlovna Stroganova (1796-1872), who were cousins whose marriage had united two separate lines of the Stroganov family (his father was descended from Nikolai Grigoryevich Stroganov, the second son of Grigory Dmitriyevich Stroganov and his mother was descended from Sergei Grigoryevich Stroganov, the third son of Nikolai Grigoryevich Stroganov). His paternal grandparents were Baron Grigory Stroganov and Princess Anna Trubetskaya. His maternal grandparents were Count Pavel Alexandrovich Stroganov and Princess Sophie Golitsyna (a daughter of Prince Vladimir Borisovich Golitsyn and his wife ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Grigoryevich Stroganov
Count Sergei Grigoryevich Stroganov (russian: Граф Сергей Григорьевич Строганов; 8 November 1794 – 22 March 1882) was a Russian nobleman, statesman, art historian, archaeologist, collector, and philanthropist. He was a member of the highly successful and prominent Stroganov family He also founded the Stroganov Moscow State Academy of Arts and Industry. Life He was born in Saint Petersburg, the capital of the Russian Empire, in 1794 to Baron Grigory Stroganov (1770–1857) and Princess Anna Trubetskaya (1765–1824). As a teenager and young adult, he fought for Russia in the Napoleonic Wars and distinguished himself at the Battle of Borodino and at the Battle of Leipzig. In 1815, Stroganov married Natalia Pavlovna Stroganova (1796–1872), daughter of Sophie Golitsyn, with whom he had four sons and three daughters. Subsequently, Stroganov participated in the Russian-Turkish War of 1828–1829 and in the Crimean War. Count Stroganov played a large ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasily Botkin
Vasily Petrovich Botkin (russian: link=no, Васи́лий Петро́вич Бо́ткин; – ) was a Russian essayist, literary, art and music critic, translator and publicist. Early life Vasily was born in Moscow, the son of Alexandra Antonovna (Baranova) and Petr Kononovich Botkin, a wealthy tea merchant. His brothers were Sergey Botkin, a well-known physician, and Mikhail Botkin, a painter and art collector. Vasily was a moderate liberal in the 1830s and 40s, associating with members of the circle of Nikolai Stankevich, and with the Westernizers, including Mikhail Bakunin, Vissarion Belinsky and Alexander Herzen. Vasily was a man of expensive tastes, a connoisseur of art and music, and a Polyglot (person), polyglot. He travelled widely in Europe, meeting well known figures such as Karl Marx, Louis Blanc and Victor Hugo. Career Vasily was the first Russian publicist to acquaint Russian readers with the works of Friedrich Engels (he wrote a summary of Engels's pamphlet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Applied Arts
The applied arts are all the arts that apply design and decoration to everyday and essentially practical objects in order to make them aesthetically pleasing."Applied art" in ''The Oxford Dictionary of Art''. Online edition. Oxford University Press, 2004. www.oxfordreference.com. Retrieved 23 November 2013. The term is used in distinction to the fine arts, which are those that produce objects with no practical use, whose only purpose is to be beautiful or stimulate the intellect in some way. In practice, the two often overlap. Applied arts largely overlaps with decorative arts, and the modern making of applied art is usually called design. Example of applied arts are: * Industrial design – mass-produced objects. * Sculpture – also counted as a fine art. * Architecture – also counted as a fine art. * Crafts – also counted as a fine art. * Ceramic art * Automotive design * Fashion design * Calligraphy * Interior design * Graphic design * Cartographic (map) design ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithograph
Lithography () is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by the German author and actor Alois Senefelder and was initially used mostly for musical scores and maps.Meggs, Philip B. A History of Graphic Design. (1998) John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p 146 Carter, Rob, Ben Day, Philip Meggs. Typographic Design: Form and Communication, Third Edition. (2002) John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p 11 Lithography can be used to print text or images onto paper or other suitable material. A lithograph is something printed by lithography, but this term is only used for fine art prints and some other, mostly older, types of printed matter, not for those made by modern commercial lithography. Originally, the image to be printed was drawn with a greasy substance, such as oil, fat, or wax onto the surface of a smooth and flat limestone plat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etching
Etching is traditionally the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio (incised) in the metal. In modern manufacturing, other chemicals may be used on other types of material. As a method of printmaking, it is, along with engraving, the most important technique for old master prints, and remains in wide use today. In a number of modern variants such as microfabrication etching and photochemical milling it is a crucial technique in much modern technology, including circuit boards. In traditional pure etching, a metal plate (usually of copper, zinc or steel) is covered with a waxy ground which is resistant to acid. The artist then scratches off the ground with a pointed etching needle where the artist wants a line to appear in the finished piece, exposing the bare metal. The échoppe, a tool with a slanted oval section, is also used for "swelling" lines. The plate is then dipped in a bath of aci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kikin Petr 1812
Kikin may refer to: * Kikin Hall, the residence of Alexander Kikin * Kikin, Iran, a village in Kurdistan Province, Iran * Kikin Hall The Kikin Hall (Кикины палаты) is one of the oldest buildings in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The diminutive residence was commissioned by Alexander Kikin in 1714. The name of the architect is unknown, but similarities to the Peterhof Gra ..., one of the oldest buildings in Saint Petersburg, Russia * Kikin (surname) {{disambiguation, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavel Chistyakov
Pavel Petrovich Chistyakov (russian: Павел Петрович Чистяков; 5 July 1832, Prudy, Vesyegonsky Uyezd, Tver Governorate — 11 November 1919, Saint Petersburg) was a Russian Imperial painter and art teacher; known for historical and genre scenes as well as portraits. Biography His father was a freed serf who had worked as an estate manager. Despite the financial burdens, he saw to it that his son had a proper education; first at a parish school in Krasny Kholm, then the secondary school in Bezhetsk.Brief biography @ Russian Paintings. In 1849, he entered the , where he studied with |
Konstantin Flavitsky
Konstantin Dmitriyevich Flavitsky (russian: Константин Дмитриевич Флавицкий; – ) was a Russian Painting, painter. Biography Flavitsky received his art education at the Imperial Academy of Arts, and was a student of Professor Fyodor Bruni. Received silver medals from the Academy for drawings and sketches from life. In 1854, he was awarded a small gold medal for his painting ''The Court of Solomon''. He graduated from the academic course (1855), receiving the title of the artist. He received a large gold medal from the Academy of Fine Arts for his work ''Jacob’s Children Sell His Brother Joseph'', which allowed him to travel to Italy to study between 1856 and 1862, as a pensioner of the Academy. He returned to Russia in 1862. The following year, he was recognized as an honorary free member of the Academy for the large painting ''Christian Martyrs in the Colosseum'', made in Rome. At the exhibition in 1864, the painting ''Princess Tarakanova (p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonid Solomatkin
Leonid Ivanovich Solomatkin (Russian: Леонид Иванович Соломаткин; 1837, Sudzha, Kursk Oblast, Sudzha – 18 June 1883, Saint Petersburg) was a Russian Genre art, genre painter in the Realism (art), Realistic style. Biography He was born to a poor family and orphaned at an early age. At first, he worked as a shepherd, then as an icon seller. For several years he worked as a chumak, travelling from village to village, making sketches of the interesting people he saw along the way.Brief biography @ RusArtNet. With a bundle of those sketches in hand, he went to Moscow and presented them to Nikolai Ramazanov, a sculptor, teacher and art critic who was known for his willingness to support young artists. Ramazanov was sufficiently impressed to take him into his home. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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