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Ikarus 452
The Ikarus 452 was an experimental jet aircraft built in Yugoslavia in 1953. It was a stubby mid-wing cantilever monoplane of pod-and-boom configuration, with twin jets mounted one atop the other at the rear of the fuselage nacelle, with separate intakes for the lower engine (in the wing roots) and the upper engine (on the sides of the rear fuselage). The twin tails and horizontal stabiliser were carried at the ends of booms that extended rearwards from the wings, with a short fin extending from the top of the rear fuselage to also meet the stabiliser. The flying surfaces were sharply swept, and construction throughout was of an experimental alloy. Flight testing was carried out from mid 1953, with experience from the programme providing a basis for the production of the Soko Galeb. Specifications See also * Ikarus 451M The Ikarus 451 is a family of research aircraft designs built in Yugoslavia in the 1950s, all sharing the same basic airframe, but differing in powerp ...
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WikiProject Aircraft
A WikiProject, or Wikiproject, is a Wikimedia movement affinity group for contributors with shared goals. WikiProjects are prevalent within the largest wiki, Wikipedia, and exist to varying degrees within sister projects such as Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikidata, and Wikisource. They also exist in different languages, and translation of articles is a form of their collaboration. During the COVID-19 pandemic, CBS News noted the role of Wikipedia's WikiProject Medicine in maintaining the accuracy of articles related to the disease. Another WikiProject that has drawn attention is WikiProject Women Scientists, which was profiled by '' Smithsonian'' for its efforts to improve coverage of women scientists which the profile noted had "helped increase the number of female scientists on Wikipedia from around 1,600 to over 5,000". On Wikipedia Some Wikipedia WikiProjects are substantial enough to engage in cooperative activities with outside organizations relevant to the field at issue. For e ...
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WikiProject Aircraft/page Content
A WikiProject, or Wikiproject, is a Wikimedia movement affinity group for contributors with shared goals. WikiProjects are prevalent within the largest wiki, Wikipedia, and exist to varying degrees within sister projects such as Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikidata, and Wikisource. They also exist in different languages, and translation of articles is a form of their collaboration. During the COVID-19 pandemic, CBS News noted the role of Wikipedia's WikiProject Medicine in maintaining the accuracy of articles related to the disease. Another WikiProject that has drawn attention is WikiProject Women Scientists, which was profiled by '' Smithsonian'' for its efforts to improve coverage of women scientists which the profile noted had "helped increase the number of female scientists on Wikipedia from around 1,600 to over 5,000". On Wikipedia Some Wikipedia WikiProjects are substantial enough to engage in cooperative activities with outside organizations relevant to the field at issue. For e ...
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Ikarbus
Ikarbus a.d. (''Ikarbus - Fabrika autobusa i specijalnih vozila a.d.'') is a Serbian bus manufacturer based in Zemun. It was originally established as an aircraft manufacturer in 1923, under the name Ikarus. In 1954, it commenced bus production and since 1960 it completely shifted towards it. In 1992, it changed its name to Ikarbus. History On 13 October 1923, the company was established under name "Ikarus – the first Serbian airplane, car and engine industry Kovačević and Co", with headquarters in Novi Sad. The founders were Dimitrije Konjović, brothers Dušan and Milivoj Kovačević, Đoka Radulović and Josif Mikl. On 20 November 1923, "Ikarus" started business officially after the registration before the Novi Sad District Court. In the beginning, the company manufactured a number of foreign designs under licence, such as the French Potez 25, Czechoslovakian Avia BH-33 and English Hawker Fury; Bristol Blenheim as well as the locally designed Ikarus ŠM, Ikarus IO, S ...
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Soko Galeb
The Soko G-2 Galeb ( en, Seagull) is a Yugoslav single engine, two-seater jet trainer and light ground-attack aircraft. The G-2 was developed during the 1950s by the Aeronautical Technical Institute at Žarkovo as a replacement for the Lockheed T-33 in service with the Yugoslav Air Force. Production started in 1965 at the Soko aircraft factory in Mostar, and ended in 1985 with 248 aircraft delivered. The G-2 had the distinction of being the first mass-produced jet aircraft in socialist Yugoslavia."Twenty-Sixth SBAC Show... Military Research Aircraft."
''Flight International'', 19 September 1968. p. 450.
It also served as a basis for the single-seat ground-attack

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Turbomeca Palas
The Turbomeca Palas is a diminutive centrifugal flow turbojet engine used to power light aircraft. An enlargement of the Turbomeca Piméné, the Palas was designed in 1950 by the French manufacturer Société Turbomeca,Gunston 1989, p. 169. and was also produced under licence by Blackburn and General Aircraft in the United Kingdom and Teledyne Continental Motors in the United States as the Continental Model 320. Applications *Caproni Trento F.5 *Curtiss C-46 Commando (two under the fuselage, first flight in October 1952) *Curtiss C-46F Commando (two under the wings) * CVV-6 Canguro Palas *Douglas DC-3 (as a booster engine) *Fouga CM-8 R9.8 Cyclope * Fouga CM-8 R8.3 Midget * Fouga CM.130 *Ikarus 451 * Ikarus S451M * Ikarus 452M * Mantelli AM-12 *Miles Sparrowjet *Payen Pa 49 *Short SB.4 Sherpa *SIPA S.200 Minijet * SIPA S.300 * Somers-Kendall SK-1 *Sud-Ouest Bretagne Specifications See also References ;Notes ;Bibliography * Gunston, Bill. ''World Encyclopedia of Aero E ...
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Ikarus 451
The Ikarus 451 is a family of research aircraft designs built in Yugoslavia in the 1950s, all sharing the same basic airframe, but differing in powerplants and cockpit arrangements. One member of the family Ikarus 451M became the first domestically-built jet aircraft to fly in Yugoslavia, on 25 October 1952. Design and development To research prone pilot cockpit arrangements and controls, the Government Aircraft Factories developed the Ikarus 232 Pionir, a small twin-engined low-wing monoplane, powered by 2x Walter Mikron III piston engines. An enlarged version of the Pionir was developed as the Type 451, powered by 2x Walter Minor 6-III piston engines. The first aircraft built under this designation was a propeller-driven aircraft that also accommodated the pilot in prone position. It was an otherwise conventional low-wing monoplane with retractable tailwheel undercarriage, the main units of which retracted backwards into the engine nacelles mounted below the wings. This f ...
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1950s Yugoslav Experimental Aircraft
Year 195 ( CXCV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Scrapula and Clemens (or, less frequently, year 948 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 195 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Emperor Septimius Severus has the Roman Senate deify the previous emperor Commodus, in an attempt to gain favor with the family of Marcus Aurelius. * King Vologases V and other eastern princes support the claims of Pescennius Niger. The Roman province of Mesopotamia rises in revolt with Parthian support. Severus marches to Mesopotamia to battle the Parthians. * The Roman province of Syria is divided and the role of Antioch is diminished. The Romans annexed the Syrian cities of Edessa and Nisibis. Severus re-establish his head ...
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Ikarus Aircraft
Icarus is a character in Greek mythology. Icarus or Ikarus may also refer to: People * Roger Squires (born 1932), crossword compiler who has used the pseudonym Icarus * Icarus (wrestler) (born 1982), wrestler with the Chikara organization Places * Icarus (island), in the Aegean Sea * Ikaros (Failaka Island), in the Persian Gulf Aviation Aircraft * Icarus I, Icarus II and Icarus V, series of rigid-wing hang gliders designed by Taras Kiceniuk, Jr. * Ikarus C42, a microlight aircraft * Ikarus IK-2, the most notable indigenous Yugoslav aircraft of the 1930s and World War II era * Icarus, a prototype space rescue vehicle tested by Aleksandr Serebrov Aviation businesses and organizations * Ikarus Drachen Tomas Pellicci, a German hang glider manufacturer * Icaro Air, an Ecuadorian airline * Icarus School, a military aviation academy * Icarus, a Greek airline that preceded Olympic Airlines * Ikarus, a Yugoslav aircraft manufacturer later renamed Ikarbus Other uses in aviation * Coup ...
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Mid-wing Aircraft
A monoplane is a fixed-wing aircraft configuration with a single mainplane, in contrast to a biplane or other types of multiplanes, which have multiple planes. A monoplane has inherently the highest efficiency and lowest drag of any wing configuration and is the simplest to build. However, during the early years of flight, these advantages were offset by its greater weight and lower manoeuvrability, making it relatively rare until the 1930s. Since then, the monoplane has been the most common form for a fixed-wing aircraft. Characteristics Support and weight The inherent efficiency of the monoplane is best achieved in the cantilever wing, which carries all structural forces internally. However, to fly at practical speeds the wing must be made thin, which requires a heavy structure to make it strong and stiff enough. External bracing can be used to improve structural efficiency, reducing weight and cost. For a wing of a given size, the weight reduction allows it to fly slower a ...
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