Hyundai Libero
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Hyundai Libero
The Hyundai Starex is a van built by Hyundai. First-generation models were known in Europe as the Hyundai H-1 and as the Hyundai H200 in the Netherlands. For the second generation, Australian and UK market models are sold as the Hyundai iLoad (cargo version), in Australia as Hyundai iMax and the UK as Hyundai i800 (people mover versions). European models are differentiated as the Hyundai H-1 Cargo (cargo version) and Hyundai H-1 Travel (people mover version). In the Netherlands, it is called Hyundai H300, in Malaysia, only as Hyundai Starex Royale with Minivan, while the people mover version of the H300 is sold only for fleets. First generation (A1; 1997) The Starex succeeded the Hyundai Grace (also known as the H100) in most countries. Like the Hyundai Grace, the first generation A1-series Starex was available in a wide range of configurations, including minivan (MPV), minibus, van, pick-up, taxi and ambulance. For the very first 1997 models, it used the derived 2.5-liter ' ...
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Hyundai H-1
Hyundai H-1 is a nameplate of a van and pickup truck used by Hyundai Motor Company in European export markets for three related models: * Hyundai Starex, (called i800 in Europe and H-200 in the Netherlands) a minibus/van * Hyundai Libero The Hyundai Starex is a van built by Hyundai. First-generation models were known in Europe as the Hyundai H-1 and as the Hyundai H200 in the Netherlands. For the second generation, Australian and UK market models are sold as the Hyundai iLoad (ca ..., a pickup truck {{Set index article, cars All-wheel-drive vehicles H-1 Hyundai vehicles Minibuses Pickup trucks Rear-wheel-drive vehicles Vans ...
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Mitsubishi Delica
The is a range of vans and pickup trucks designed and built by the Japanese automaker Mitsubishi Motors since 1968. It was originally based on a cabover van and pickup truck introduced the previous year, also called the Delica, its name a contraction of the English language phrase ''Delivery car''. This pickup truck, and a commercial van derived from it has received many names in export markets, being sold as the L300 (later L400) in Europe, Jamaica (discontinued after the third generation) and New Zealand, Express and Starwagon in Australia, and plain Mitsubishi Van and Wagon in the United States. The passenger car versions were known as Delica Star Wagon from 1979 until the 1994 introduction of the Delica Space Gear, which became simply Space Gear in Europe at least. The most recent version (not available as a commercial vehicle) is called the Delica D:5. With the exception of the first, versions of all generations are still being sold in various international markets. In J ...
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Hyundai A Engine
The Hyundai A engine also known by its engine code D4CB is a 2.5L diesel 4-cylinder automobile engine produced by Hyundai Motor Group from 2002 up to the present. This is one of the first diesel engines designed and developed solely by Hyundai without any license from any other car manufacturer. The A line of engines feature four cylinders compacted graphite iron block and aluminum cylinder head unit, with chain driven dual overhead camshafts operating four valves per cylinder. Fuel is supplied to the unit using Bosch 2nd-generation common rail direct injection (CRDi) through piezo-electronic injectors operating at for the A I series while it was increased to for the A II series with the latter having been equipped with a Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT) with some models having a Wastegate (WGT) instead. As the older A models were rated below their intended Euro rating (A I series rated for Euro 3 is taxed for Euro 2, while earlier A II series rated for Euro 4 is taxed fo ...
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Diesel Engine
The diesel engine, named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is a so-called compression-ignition engine (CI engine). This contrasts with engines using spark plug-ignition of the air-fuel mixture, such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine) or a gas engine (using a gaseous fuel like natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas). Diesel engines work by compressing only air, or air plus residual combustion gases from the exhaust (known as exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)). Air is inducted into the chamber during the intake stroke, and compressed during the compression stroke. This increases the air temperature inside the cylinder to such a high degree that atomised diesel fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites. With the fuel being injected into the air just before combustion, the dispersion of the fuel is une ...
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Autogas
Autogas or LPG is liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) used as a fuel in internal combustion engines in vehicles as well as in stationary applications such as generators. It is a mixture of propane and butane. Autogas is widely used as a "green" fuel, as its use reduces exhaust emissions by around 15% compared to petrol. One litre of petrol produces 2.3 kg of when burnt, whereas the equivalent amount of autogas (1.33 litres due to the lower density of autogas) produces only 2 kg of when burnt. CO emissions are 30% lower, compared to petrol and by 50%. It has an octane rating (MON/RON) that is between 90 and 110 and an energy content (higher heating value—HHV) that is between 25.5  megajoules per litre (for pure propane) and 28.7 megajoules per litre (for pure butane) depending upon the actual fuel composition. Autogas is the third most popular automotive fuel in the world, with approximately 16 million of 600 million passenger cars powered using the fu ...
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V6 Engine
A V6 engine is a six-cylinder piston engine where the cylinders share a common crankshaft and are arranged in a V configuration. The first V6 engines were designed and produced independently by Marmon Motor Car Company, Deutz Gasmotoren Fabrik and Delahaye. Engines built after World War II include the Lancia V6 engine in 1950 for the Lancia Aurelia, and the Buick V6 engine in 1962 for the Buick Special. The V6 layout has become the most common layout for six-cylinder automotive engines. Design Due to their short length, V6 engines are often used as the larger engine option for vehicles which are otherwise produced with inline-four engines, especially in transverse engine vehicles. A downside for luxury cars is that V6 engines produce more vibrations than straight-six engines. Some sports cars use flat-six engines instead of V6 engines, due to their lower centre of gravity (which improves the handling). The displacement of modern V6 engines is typically between , though ...
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Hyundai Sigma Engine
The Hyundai Sigma engine is a series of V6 piston engines from Hyundai Motor Company, based on the Mitsubishi 6G7 engine. The Sigma engine family began life with the simple V6 name. Displacement ranges from . 2.5L (G6AV) The DOHC G6AV (also called the 2.5 D) is the small version. Bore is and stroke is shared with the at . Output is at 6,000 rpm and at 4,500 rpm. Applications *Hyundai Dynasty (1997–2005) * Hyundai Grandeur (LX) (1995–1998) * Hyundai Marcia (1995–1998) 3.0L (G6AT/G6CT) The DOHC G6AT and G6CT (also called the 3.0 D) both displace . They share the 2.5's stroke but use a larger bore. Output for the older G6AT is at 6,000 rpm and at 4,000–4,500 rpm, while the G6CT produces at 5,500–6,000 rpm and at 3,500–4,000 rpm. The older SOHC G6AT 3.0 S produces just at 5,000 rpm and at 2,500–3,000 rpm. Applications * Hyundai Dynasty (1996–2005) * Hyundai Equus (LZ) (1999–2005) * Hyundai Galloper (1994 ...
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Straight-four Engine
A straight-four engine (also called an inline-four) is a four-cylinder piston engine where cylinders are arranged in a line along a common crankshaft. The vast majority of automotive four-cylinder engines use a straight-four layout (with the exceptions of the flat-four engines produced by Subaru and Porsche) and the layout is also very common in motorcycles and other machinery. Therefore the term "four-cylinder engine" is usually synonymous with straight-four engines. When a straight-four engine is installed at an inclined angle (instead of with the cylinders oriented vertically), it is sometimes called a slant-four. Between 2005 and 2008, the proportion of new vehicles sold in the United States with four-cylinder engines rose from 30% to 47%. By the 2020 model year, the share for light-duty vehicles had risen to 59%. Design A four-stroke straight-four engine always has a cylinder on its power stroke, unlike engines with fewer cylinders where there is no power stroke occu ...
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Hyundai Sirius Engine
The Hyundai Motor Company, Hyundai Sirius engine was the company's first larger Straight-four engine, inline-four engine, with displacements from 1.8 L (1795 cc) to 2.4 L (2351 cc). It is a license-built Mitsubishi Sirius engine, Mitsubishi construction. This engine is no longer used by Hyundai. 1.5L (G4DJ) The Hyundai G4DJ engine was manufactured from 1989 to 1995 under license from Mitsubishi and was essentially a copy of the 8-valve version of the popular Mitsubishi Orion engine, 4G15 powerplant, the engine's advertised power is at 5,500 rpm with of torque at 3,000 rpm. ;Applications * Hyundai Elantra#J1, Hyundai Elantra (J1) (1990–1995) * Hyundai Scoupe (1990–1992) * Hyundai Excel#X2, Hyundai Excel/Pony (X2) (1989–1993) 1.5L (G4CL) The Hyundai G4CL engine features DOHC, the engine's advertised power is at 6,000 rpm with of torque at 4,500 rpm. ;Applications * Hyundai Elantra#J1, Hyundai Elantra (J1) (1993–1995) 1.6L (G4CR) The Hyundai G4CR ...
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Petrol Engine
A petrol engine (gasoline engine in American English) is an internal combustion engine designed to run on petrol (gasoline). Petrol engines can often be adapted to also run on fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas and ethanol blends (such as ''E10'' and ''E85''). Most petrol engines use spark ignition, unlike diesel engines which typically use compression ignition. Another key difference to diesel engines is that petrol engines typically have a lower compression ratio. Design Thermodynamic cycle Most petrol engines use either the four-stroke Otto cycle or the two-stroke cycle. Petrol engines have also been produced using the Miller cycle and Atkinson cycle. Layout Most petrol-powered piston engines are straight engines or V engines. However, flat engines, W engines and other layouts are sometimes used. Wankel engines are classified by the number of rotors used. Compression ratio Cooling Petrol engines are either air-cooled or water-cooled. Ignition Petrol e ...
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Refine M5
The JAC Refine M5 (瑞風, Ruifeng M5) is a light commercial, 4-door van built by the JAC Motors in China since 2002. The Refine M5 marked the starting point of the Refine sub-brand under JAC, with the van originally being called the JAC Refine MPV, Refine I, and Refine M1. The original first generation model is a rebadge model based on the first generation Hyundai Starex, with the post-facelift model starting to differentiate from the Hyundai van styling wise. The second generation was launched in April 2011 originally as the Refine II Hechang. In late 2012, the name was changed to Refine M5 to sit under the Refine MPV series. First generation (2002–2015) The first generation Refine M5 MPV started out as a rebadged first generation Hyundai Starex due to the joint venture between Hyundai and JAC Motors with JAC building rebadged Hyundai Starexs under license in March 2002. The original name at launch was simply JAC Refine, later, the model was renamed to Refine M5 as a c ...
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Hyundai Porter
The Hyundai Porter (Hangul:현대 포터), also known as the Hyundai H-100, is a cabover truck produced by the South Korean manufacturer Hyundai Motor Company, Hyundai since 1977. History First generation (1977–1981) The first generation, launched in January 1977, was called the Hyundai HD1000 and was available in both truck and minibus (3 and 12-seater van, ambulance) versions. The truck was called the Porter. The HD1000 was discontinued in 1981. Second generation (1986–1996) In November 1986, Hyundai revived the label with the introduction of the second generation Porter, which was now a rebadged licensed second generation Mitsubishi Delica (L300). While the third generation Delica was also built by Hyundai, it was known as the Hyundai Grace, Grace and was marketed only as a van, in parallel with the Porter truck range. It was built with the following body styles: 2-door truck, 4-door truck, 3-door van and 4-door van. Upgrade The upgraded second generation was ...
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