Howardena Pindell
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Howardena Pindell
Howardena Pindell (born April 14, 1943) is an American artist, curator, and educator. She is known as a painter and mixed media artist, her work explores texture, color, structures, and the process of making art; it is often political, addressing the intersecting issues of racism, feminism, violence, slavery, and exploitation. She is known for the wide variety of techniques and materials used in her artwork; she has created abstract paintings, collages, "video drawings," and "process art." Early life and education Howardena Pindell was born on April 14, 1943, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and was raised in the neighborhood of Germantown."Howardena Pindell
National Museum of Women in the Arts, Retrieved 24 October 2018.
Her parents were Mildred (née Lewis) and Howard Douglas Pindell, she was an

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Philadelphia
Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the sixth-largest city in the U.S., the second-largest city in both the Northeast megalopolis and Mid-Atlantic regions after New York City. Since 1854, the city has been coextensive with Philadelphia County, the most populous county in Pennsylvania and the urban core of the Delaware Valley, the nation's seventh-largest and one of world's largest metropolitan regions, with 6.245 million residents . The city's population at the 2020 census was 1,603,797, and over 56 million people live within of Philadelphia. Philadelphia was founded in 1682 by William Penn, an English Quaker. The city served as capital of the Pennsylvania Colony during the British colonial era and went on to play a historic and vital role as the central meeting place for the nation's founding fathers whose plans and actions in Philadelphia ultimately inspired the American Revolution and the nation's inde ...
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Yale University
Yale University is a private research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Established in 1701 as the Collegiate School, it is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and among the most prestigious in the world. It is a member of the Ivy League. Chartered by the Connecticut Colony, the Collegiate School was established in 1701 by clergy to educate Congregational ministers before moving to New Haven in 1716. Originally restricted to theology and sacred languages, the curriculum began to incorporate humanities and sciences by the time of the American Revolution. In the 19th century, the college expanded into graduate and professional instruction, awarding the first PhD in the United States in 1861 and organizing as a university in 1887. Yale's faculty and student populations grew after 1890 with rapid expansion of the physical campus and scientific research. Yale is organized into fourteen constituent schools: the original undergraduate col ...
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Charlotte Brontë
Charlotte Brontë (, commonly ; 21 April 1816 – 31 March 1855) was an English novelist and poet, the eldest of the three Brontë sisters who survived into adulthood and whose novels became classics of English literature. She enlisted in school at Roe Head in January 1831, aged 14 years. She left the year after to teach her sisters, Emily and Anne, at home, returning in 1835 as a governess. In 1839, she undertook the role of governess for the Sidgwick family, but left after a few months to return to Haworth, where the sisters opened a school but failed to attract pupils. Instead, they turned to writing and they each first published in 1846 under the pseudonyms of Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell. Although her first novel, '' The Professor'', was rejected by publishers, her second novel, ''Jane Eyre'', was published in 1847. The sisters admitted to their Bell pseudonyms in 1848, and by the following year were celebrated in London literary circles. Charlotte Brontë was the ...
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Jane Eyre
''Jane Eyre'' ( ; originally published as ''Jane Eyre: An Autobiography'') is a novel by the English writer Charlotte Brontë. It was published under her pen name "Currer Bell" on 19 October 1847 by Smith, Elder & Co. of London. The first American edition was published the following year by Harper & Brothers of New York. ''Jane Eyre'' is a ''Bildungsroman'' which follows the experiences of its eponymous heroine, including her growth to adulthood and her love for Mr Rochester, the brooding master of Thornfield Hall. The novel revolutionised prose fiction by being the first to focus on its protagonist's moral and spiritual development through an intimate first-person narrative, where actions and events are coloured by a psychological intensity. Charlotte Brontë has been called the "first historian of the private consciousness", and the literary ancestor of writers like Marcel Proust and James Joyce. The book contains elements of social criticism with a strong sense of Ch ...
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Louise Kramer
Louise Kramer (December 5, 1923 – April 7, 2020) was an American artist who was known for working in a wide range of media, from printmaking to drawing, sculpture, and site-specific installation. She was one of the founding members of the New York all-women cooperative, A.I.R. Gallery, in 1972.Joan M. Marter (ed.The Grove Encyclopedia of American Art, Volume I Oxford University Press (2010), page 151. . Kramer has had solo shows at CUNY Graduate Center, May Museum, A.I.R. Gallery, B.J. Spoke Gallery, Central Hall Gallery, and Nassau County Museum of Fine Art. Her work has been included in numerous group shows including the Whitney Museum, the Brooklyn Museum, S.F. MoMA, and the Jewish Museum. Her work is held in public collections including Smithsonian American Art Museum, Nassau Community College, Nassau County Museum of Fine Arts, Oberlin College Gallery (Oberlin, OH), CUNY Graduate Center (New York, NY) and University of Iowa Museum of Art. Kramer has been reviewe ...
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Maude Boltz
Maude Boltz (1939-2017) was an American artist and co-founder of the A.I.R. Gallery. Biography Boltz was born in 1939 in Pottsville, Pennsylvania. She attended the Philadelphia College of Arts and Yale University. In 1972 Boltz co-founded the A.I.R. Gallery, a female artists cooperative gallery in New York City. In 1978 Boltz's work was included in a show at MoMA PS1 entitled ''Overview: An Exhibition in Two Parts by the A.I.R. Gallery''. She died in 2017. Her image is included in the iconic 1972 poster Some Living American Women Artists by Mary Beth Edelson. Boltz's work is in the collection of the Smithsonian American Art Museum and the Whitney Museum of American Art The Whitney Museum of American Art, known informally as "The Whitney", is an art museum in the Meatpacking District and West Village neighborhoods of Manhattan in New York City. It was founded in 1930 by Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney (1875–194 .... References External links images of Boltz's workon ...
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Harmony Hammond
Harmony Hammond (born February 8, 1944 in Hometown, Illinois) is an American artist, activist, curator, and writer. She was a prominent figure in the founding of the feminist art movement in 1970's New York. Early life and education Harmony Hammond was born on February 8, 1944 in Hometown, Illinois. At 17, Hammond attended Miliken University in Decatur, Illinois. Later, she moved to Minneapolis and enrolled at the University of Minnesota. Hammond graduated with a B.A. of Arts in painting in 1967. Career Hammond and her husband moved to New York in 1969, just months after the Stonewall Riots. When Hammond found out she was pregnant with her daughter, she and her husband decided to part ways. In 1973, Hammond came out as a lesbian. Harmony Hammond co-founded the A.I.R. Gallery in 1972; it was the first women's cooperative art gallery in New York. She also co-founded Heresies: A Feminist Publication of Art and Politics' in 1976, co-edited issues #1, 3 and 9, and published article ...
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Judith Bernstein
Judith Bernstein (born October 14, 1942) is a New York artist best known for her phallic drawings and paintings. Bernstein uses her art as a vehicle for her outspoken feminist and anti-war activism, provocatively drawing psychological links between the two. Her best-known work features her iconic motif of an anthropomorphized screw, which has become the basis for a number of allegories and visual puns. During the beginning of the Feminist Art Movement, Bernstein was a founding member of the all-women's cooperative A.I.R. Gallery in New York. Bernstein spent many years teaching in the School of Art+Design at SUNY Purchase College, where she iProfessor Emerita Her classes there focused on "outrageous, outscale" drawing, as well as drawing the figure. After retiring from SUNY Purchase, she experienced a rediscovery late in her career, as highlighted in her New York Magazine’s 2015 profile titled “Judith Bernstein, an art star at last at 72.” She has addressed the topic of her ...
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Dotty Attie
Dotty Attie (born 1938, Pennsauken, New Jersey) is an acclaimed feminist painter, and the co-founder of the first all-female cooperative art gallery in America, A.I.R. Gallery. Her work has been widely exhibited and is in many major museum collections, including the Whitney, the Museum of Modern Art, and the National Gallery in London. She also has the rare distinction of having an all-female punk rock band named after her. Attie currently resides in New York, New York. Education and early work Attie discovered her interest in art at an early age, as she found that she was interested in drawing. She was heavily influenced by her father, who brought her to art classes in Philadelphia and provided her with art books, most notably ones with illustrations of works by Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres."The First Act: An Archaeological Adventure from J. and Armand Tour the World," ''Wadsworth Atheneum'', January 1, 1980. Although her favorite living artist happens to be Gerhard Richter. ...
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Barbara Zucker
Barbara M. Zucker (born 1940) is an American artist known for her sculpture. she was Professor Emerita, University of Vermont, and based in Burlington, Vermont. Born in Philadelphia, Zucker received a Bachelor of Science degree at the University of Michigan before receiving a Master of Arts from Hunter College. She has taught at La Guardia Community College; Fordham University; Philadelphia College of Art; the University of Vermont as a professor on the studio art faculty from 1979, being chair of the Department of Art from 1979 to 1985; and Yale University. She has served as an artist-in-residence at Florida State University and Princeton University. Zucker began a series of works based on the shape of chairs in the 1960s; the following decade saw her move into installation art. She has since come to explore fan shapes, and more recently began to create works with motors. She is a National Endowment for the Arts Fellow for 1975, and was awarded a fellowship from ''Reader' ...
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Agnes Denes
Agnes Denes (Dénes Ágnes; born 1931 in Budapest) is a Hungarian-born American conceptual artist based in New York. She is known for works in a wide range of media—from poetry and philosophical writings to extremely detailed drawings, sculptures, and iconic land art works, such as '' Wheatfield — A Confrontation'' (1982), a two-acre field of wheat in downtown Manhattan, commissioned by the Public Art Fund, and ''Tree Mountain—A Living Time Capsule'' (1992–96) in Ylojärvi, Finland. Her work ''Rice/Tree/Burial with Time Capsule'' (1968–79) is recognized as one of the earliest examples of ecological art. She lives and works in New York City. Early life and career Born in Budapest, Hungary in 1931, her family survived World War II, the Nazi occupation, and moved to Sweden on their way to the United States. Still a teenager, she created her first environmental/philosophical work, ''Bird Project,'' in Sweden, comparing migrating bird colonies to people — the migrants ...
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Nancy Spero
Nancy Spero (August 24, 1926 – October 18, 2009) was an American visual artist. Born in Cleveland, Ohio, Spero lived for much of her life in New York City. She married and collaborated with artist Leon Golub. As both artist and activist, Nancy Spero had a career that spanned fifty years. She is known for her continuous engagement with contemporary political, social, and cultural concerns. Spero chronicled wars and apocalyptic violence as well as articulating visions of ecstatic rebirth and the celebratory cycles of life. Her complex network of collective and individual voices was a catalyst for the creation of her figurative lexicon representing women from prehistory to the present in such epic-scale paintings and collage on paper as ''Torture of Women'' (1976), ''Notes in Time on Women'' (1979) and ''The First Language'' (1981). In 2010, ''Notes in Time'' was posthumously reanimated as a digital scroll in the online magazine ''Triple Canopy''. Spero has had a number of retrosp ...
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