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Hollandsch Chineesche School
Hollandsch-Chineesche School (HCS) (Dutch Chinese School) were schools established by the Dutch colonial government in Indonesia for children of Chinese descent. These schools were first established in Jakarta in 1908, mainly to compete with the Chinese language schools founded by Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan in 1901 and which attracted a lot of interest. As a comparison, in 1915, Chinese-language schools had 16,499 students, while Dutch-language schools had only 8,060 students. The school uses Dutch as the language of instruction. See also * Hogere Burger School (HBS) * Hollandsch-Inlandsche School (HIS) * Hollandsch Inlandsche Kweekschool Hollandsch Inlandsche Kweekschool (Dutch for ''Dutch native development school''), often abbreviated as HIK, were a type of Christian Dutch language auxiliary teacher training schools for Indonesian students in the Dutch East Indies in the early t ... (HIK) * Hollandsch Javaansche School (HJS) * Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs (MULO) Refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies ( nl, Nederlands(ch)-Indië; ), was a Dutch colony consisting of what is now Indonesia. It was formed from the nationalised trading posts of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Dutch government in 1800. During the 19th century, the Dutch possessions and hegemony expanded, reaching the greatest territorial extent in the early 20th century. The Dutch East Indies was one of the most valuable colonies under European rule, and contributed to Dutch global prominence in spice and cash crop trade in the 19th to early 20th centuries. The colonial social order was based on rigid racial and social structures with a Dutch elite living separate from but linked to their native subjects. The term ''Indonesia'' came into use for the geographical location after 1880. In the early 20th century, local intellectuals began developing the concept of Indonesia as a nation state, and set the stage ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Indonesians
Chinese Indonesians ( id, Orang Tionghoa Indonesia) and colloquially Chindo or just Tionghoa are Indonesians whose ancestors arrived from China at some stage in the last eight centuries. Chinese people and their Indonesian descendants have lived in the Indonesian archipelago since at least the 13th century. Many came initially as sojourners (temporary residents), intending to return home in their old age. Some, however, stayed in the region as economic migrants. Their population grew rapidly during the colonial period when workers were contracted from their home provinces in Southern China. Discrimination against Chinese Indonesians has occurred since the start of Dutch colonialism in the region, although government policies implemented since 1998 have attempted to redress this. Resentment of ethnic Chinese economic aptitude grew in the 1950s as Native Indonesian merchants felt they could not remain competitive. In some cases, government action propagated the stereotype that e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jakarta
Jakarta (; , bew, Jakarte), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta ( id, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta) is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Lying on the northwest coast of Java, the world's most populous island, Jakarta is the largest city in Southeast Asia and serves as the diplomatic capital of ASEAN. The city is the economic, cultural, and political centre of Indonesia. It possesses a province-level status and has a population of 10,609,681 as of mid 2021.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2022. Although Jakarta extends over only , and thus has the smallest area of any Indonesian province, its metropolitan area covers , which includes the satellite cities Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, South Tangerang, and Bekasi, and has an estimated population of 35 million , making it the largest urban area in Indonesia and the second-largest in the world (after Tokyo). Jakarta ranks first among the Indonesian provinces in human development index. Jakarta's busin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Language
Chinese (, especially when referring to written Chinese) is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in Greater China. About 1.3 billion people (or approximately 16% of the world's population) speak a variety of Chinese as their first language. Chinese languages form the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages family. The spoken varieties of Chinese are usually considered by native speakers to be variants of a single language. However, their lack of mutual intelligibility means they are sometimes considered separate languages in a family. Investigation of the historical relationships among the varieties of Chinese is ongoing. Currently, most classifications posit 7 to 13 main regional groups based on phonetic developments from Middle Chinese, of which the most spoken by far is Mandarin (with about 800 million speakers, or 66%), followed by Min (75 million, e.g. Southern Min), Wu (74 million, e.g. Shangh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan
Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan (THHK, ) was an Indonesian Chinese organization founded on March 17, 1900 in Batavia, Dutch East Indies. Its founders included former classmates Lie Kim Hok and Phoa Keng Hek ''Sia'', both of whom had been educated at Sierk Coolsma's missionary school in the Dutch East Indies. At first its mission was to renew and spread Confucian Confucianism, also known as Ruism or Ru classicism, is a system of thought and behavior originating in ancient China. Variously described as tradition, a philosophy, a Religious Confucianism, religion, a humanistic or rationalistic religion, ... ideas and the general level of knowledge among the Chinese-Indonesian population of the Indies.Overseas Chinese Nationalism, Lea E. Williams, MIT, 1960. References {{SEAsia-hist-stub Indonesian people of Chinese descent 1900 establishments in the Dutch East Indies 20th century in Jakarta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch Language
Dutch ( ) is a West Germanic language spoken by about 25 million people as a first language and 5 million as a second language. It is the third most widely spoken Germanic language, after its close relatives German and English. ''Afrikaans'' is a separate but somewhat mutually intelligible daughter languageAfrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch; see , , , , , . Afrikaans was historically called Cape Dutch; see , , , , , . Afrikaans is rooted in 17th-century dialects of Dutch; see , , , . Afrikaans is variously described as a creole, a partially creolised language, or a deviant variety of Dutch; see . spoken, to some degree, by at least 16 million people, mainly in South Africa and Namibia, evolving from the Cape Dutch dialects of Southern Africa. The dialects used in Belgium (including Flemish) and in Suriname, meanwhile, are all guided by the Dutch Language Union. In Europe, most of the population of the Netherlands (where it is the only official language spoken country ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hollandsch-Inlandsche School
Hollandsch-Inlandsche School (HIS) (Dutch school for natives) was a school during the Dutch colonial era in Indonesia. The school, was first established in 1914, following with the enactment of the Dutch Ethical Policy. The school was at the Low Education level (''Lager Onderwijs'') or at the level of basic education today. The school was intended for the population of indigenous Indonesian descent. Generally reserved for children from the noble class, prominent figures, or civil servants. The length of the school is seven years. See also * Hogere Burger School (HBS) * Hollandsch Chineesche School (HCS) * Hollandsch Inlandsche Kweekschool Hollandsch Inlandsche Kweekschool (Dutch for ''Dutch native development school''), often abbreviated as HIK, were a type of Christian Dutch language auxiliary teacher training schools for Indonesian students in the Dutch East Indies in the early t ... (HIK) * Hollandsch Javaansche School (HJS) * Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs (MULO) R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hollandsch Inlandsche Kweekschool
Hollandsch Inlandsche Kweekschool (Dutch for ''Dutch native development school''), often abbreviated as HIK, were a type of Christian Dutch language auxiliary teacher training schools for Indonesian students in the Dutch East Indies in the early twentieth century. There were other types of teacher training schools in the Indies, including which trained teachers at a higher level, and Taman Siswa and Muhammadiyah schools which were outside of the colonial system and affiliated with the Indonesian nationalist movement. Because the HIK schools were more accessible than other forms of European education for native Indonesians, a number of figures who later rose to prominence in the late colonial and early independence era were educated in HIK schools. History Older types of teacher training schools for native students had been established by missionaries in the Indies dating back to the nineteenth century; the first may have been opened in Ambon in 1834. They expanded to various parts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs
Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs (Dutch, "more advanced primary education") was during part of the twentieth century a level of education in the Netherlands (and the Dutch East Indies), comparable with the junior high school level in the US education system. Its successors were the mavo and vbo, now both replaced by vmbo. This level of education was used up to 2021 in Suriname, when it was replaced with "voortgezet onderwijs". In Suriname, MULO was a four year program. It was split into MULO-A which was focused on business and MULO-B which was focused on science. After graduating, students could move onto three-year VWO leading to university or a two-year HAVO leading to higher vocational training. See also * Education in the Netherlands Education in the Netherlands is characterized by division: education is oriented toward the needs and background of the pupil. Education is divided over schools for different age groups, some of which are divided in streams for different educatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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