History Of The Walloon Movement
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History Of The Walloon Movement
The Walloon Movement traces its ancestry to 1856 when literary and folkloric movements based around the began forming. Despite the formation of the Society of Walloon Literature, it was not until around 1880 that a "Walloon and French-speaking defense movement" appeared, following the linguistic laws of the 1870s. The movement asserted the existence of Wallonia and a Walloon identity while maintaining the defense of the French language. Origins During French control of the Low Countries, linguistic problems arose with the first language laws. After the invasion of the Austrian Netherlands, French revolutionaries began the "francisation" of the country. Under the Old Regime French coexisted with many languages, including Latin and English, but the decree of 2nd Thermidor Year II made French the official language of France and its territories. Revolutionary France differentiated between Flemish and Walloon provinces: "It seems the revolutionaries themselves consider the fact Fre ...
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Wallonia
Wallonia (; french: Wallonie ), or ; nl, Wallonië ; wa, Waloneye or officially the Walloon Region (french: link=no, Région wallonne),; nl, link=no, Waals gewest; wa, link=no, Redjon walone is one of the three regions of Belgium—along with Flanders and Brussels. Covering the southern portion of the country, Wallonia is primarily French-speaking. It accounts for 55% of Belgium's territory, but only a third of its population. The Walloon Region and the French Community of Belgium, which is the political entity responsible for matters related mainly to culture and education, are independent concepts, because the French Community of Belgium encompasses both Wallonia and the bilingual Brussels-Capital Region. There is a German-speaking minority in eastern Wallonia, resulting from the annexation of three cantons previously part of the German Empire at the conclusion of World War I. This community represents less than 1% of the Belgian population. It forms the German-speak ...
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Belgian Revolution
The Belgian Revolution (, ) was the conflict which led to the secession of the southern provinces (mainly the former Southern Netherlands) from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and the establishment of an independent Kingdom of Belgium. The people of the south were mainly Flemings and Walloons. Both peoples were traditionally Roman Catholic as contrasted with Protestant-dominated (Dutch Reformed) people of the north. Many outspoken liberals regarded King William I's rule as despotic. There were high levels of unemployment and industrial unrest among the working classes. On 25 August 1830, riots erupted in Brussels and shops were looted. Theatregoers who had just watched the nationalistic opera ''La muette de Portici'' joined the mob. Uprisings followed elsewhere in the country. Factories were occupied and machinery destroyed. Order was restored briefly after William committed troops to the Southern Provinces but rioting continued and leadership was taken up by radicals, w ...
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Julien Delaite
Julien may refer to: People * Julien (given name) * Julien (surname) Music * ''Julien'' (opera), a 1913 poème lyrique by Gustave Charpentier * ''Julien'' (album), by Dalida, 1973 * "Julien" (song), by Carly Rae Jepsen, 2019 Places United States * Julien's Auctions, an auction house in Los Angeles, California * Julien's Restorator (ca.1793-1823), a restaurant in Boston, Massachusetts * Julien Hall (Boston), a building built in 1825 in Boston, Massachusetts * Brasserie Julien, an American restaurant in New York City Elsewhere * Julien Day School, a co-educational primary, secondary and senior secondary school in Kolkata, West Bengal, India * Julien Inc., a Canadian stainless steel fabrication company * Camp Julien, the main base for the Canadian contingent of the International Security Assistance Force in Kabul, Afghanistan * Fort Julien, a fort in Egypt originally built by the Ottoman Empire and occupied by the French * Pont Julien, a Roman stone arch bridge over th ...
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Liège International (1905)
''Exposition Universelle et Internationale de Liège'' was a world's fair held in Liège from 27 April to 6 November 1905 just 8 years after a Belgian exposition held in Brussels. Intended to show Liège's industrial importance it also marked 75 years of Belgian independence and 40 years of Leopold II's reign. The exposition received 7 million visitors, covered 52 acres and made 75,117 Belgian Francs. Participants and exhibits Twenty-nine countries were official participants, from Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Montenegro, Norway, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom; from Africa: Egypt and Congo Free State; from America: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Cuba, and the United States; and from Asia China, Japan, Persia and Turkey. Germany and Spain were unofficial participants There was an exhibition of medieval and Renaissance art, ''L'art ancien au Pays de Liège'', as part of th ...
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Walloon National League
Walloon may refer to: * Walloons, a French-speaking population of Belgium * Walloon language * Walloon Region or Wallonia in Belgium ** Walloon Government * Walloon Lake * Walloon, Queensland See also * ''The Walloons'', a 1782 play by Richard Cumberland * Walloon sword * Wallon (other) Wallon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Henri-Alexandre Wallon (1812–1904), French historian and statesman *Henri Wallon (psychologist) (1879–1962), French psychologist and grandson of Henri-Alexandre Wallon Se ... {{disambig, geo Language and nationality disambiguation pages ...
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Bar Association
A bar association is a professional association of lawyers as generally organized in countries following the Anglo-American types of jurisprudence. The word bar is derived from the old English/European custom of using a physical railing to separate the area in which court business is done from the viewing area for the general public. Some bar associations are responsible for the regulation of the legal profession in their jurisdiction; others are professional organizations dedicated to serving their members; in many cases, they are both. In many Commonwealth jurisdictions, the bar association comprises lawyers who are qualified as barristers or advocates in particular, versus solicitors (see ''bar council''). Membership in bar associations may be mandatory or optional for practicing attorneys, depending on jurisdiction. Etymology The use of the term ''bar'' to mean "the whole body of lawyers, the legal profession" comes ultimately from English custom. In the early 16th century ...
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Coremans-De Vriendt Law
The Coremans-De Vriendt Law, also dubbed the Law of Equality ( nl, Gelijkheidswet), was a Belgian law passed on 18 April 1898 which enforced formal legal equality of the Dutch and French languages in the country. It is seen as a landmark in the history of the Flemish Movement and of linguistic equality in Belgium. The law was named after two Flemish deputies, Juliaan De Vriendt and Edward Coremans, who proposed the law. The law decreed equal validity for legal texts written in both French and Dutch, as well as decreeing bilingual signage in Flanders. As a result, parliamentary debates could be held in both languages and henceforth all laws were voted, passed and published in legally equivalent French and Dutch versions. The law followed a period of greater official acceptance of Dutch, starting in around 1886 when coins became bilingual. The law's passing, along with the introduction of universal male suffrage (but with plural voting Plural voting is the practice whereby one pe ...
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La Meuse (newspaper)
''La Meuse'' is a French language regional newspaper published in Liège, Belgium, since 1856. History and profile ''La Meuse'' was launched in 1856. The paper has its headquarters in Liège and is owned by the Rossel group which also owns ''Le Soir'' and '' La Lanterne'', among others. ''La Meuse'' is published by Rossel et Cie S.A. in tabloid format A tabloid is a newspaper with a compact page size smaller than broadsheet. There is no standard size for this newspaper format. Etymology The word ''tabloid'' comes from the name given by the London-based pharmaceutical company Burroughs We .... As of 2014 its editor-in-chief was Olympe Gilbart. In the nineteenth century ''La Meuse'' had a progressive liberal political stance. The paper provides business-oriented news. The paper together with ''La Lanterne'' had a circulation of 102,539 copies in 1990 and 97,869 copies in 1991. See also * List of newspapers in Belgium References External links * {{DEFAULTSORT ...
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Mons
Mons (; German and nl, Bergen, ; Walloon and pcd, Mont) is a city and municipality of Wallonia, and the capital of the province of Hainaut, Belgium. Mons was made into a fortified city by Count Baldwin IV of Hainaut in the 12th century. The population grew quickly, trade flourished, and several commercial buildings were erected near the ''Grand’Place''. In 1814, King William I of the Netherlands increased the fortifications, following the fall of the First French Empire. The Industrial Revolution and coal mining made Mons a centre of heavy industry. In 1830, Belgium gained its independence and the decision was made to dismantle the fortifications, allowing the creation of large boulevards and other urban projects. On 2324 August 1914, Mons was the location of the Battle of Mons. The British were forced to retreat and the town remained occupied by the Germans until its liberation by the Canadian Corps during the final days of the war. There are several memorial placard ...
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Liège
Liège ( , , ; wa, Lîdje ; nl, Luik ; german: Lüttich ) is a major city and municipality of Wallonia and the capital of the Belgian province of Liège. The city is situated in the valley of the Meuse, in the east of Belgium, not far from borders with the Netherlands (Maastricht is about to the north) and with Germany (Aachen is about north-east). In Liège, the Meuse meets the river Ourthe. The city is part of the '' sillon industriel'', the former industrial backbone of Wallonia. It still is the principal economic and cultural centre of the region. The municipality consists of the following districts: Angleur, , Chênée, , Grivegnée, Jupille-sur-Meuse, Liège, Rocourt, and Wandre. In November 2012, Liège had 198,280 inhabitants. The metropolitan area, including the outer commuter zone, covers an area of 1,879 km2 (725 sq mi) and had a total population of 749,110 on 1 January 2008.
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Namur (city)
Namur (; ; nl, Namen ; wa, Nameur) is a city and municipality in Wallonia, Belgium. It is both the capital of the province of Namur and of Wallonia, hosting the Parliament of Wallonia, the Government of Wallonia and its administration. Namur stands at the confluence of the rivers Sambre and Meuse and straddles three different regions – Hesbaye to the north, Condroz to the south-east, and Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse to the south-west. The city of Charleroi is located to the west. The language spoken is French. The municipality consists of the following districts: Beez, Belgrade, Boninne, Bouge, Champion, Cognelée, Daussoulx, Dave, Erpent, Flawinne, Gelbressée, Jambes, Lives-sur-Meuse, Loyers, Malonne, Marche-les-Dames, Naninne, Saint-Servais, Saint-Marc, Suarlée, Temploux, Vedrin, Wépion, and Wierde. History Early history The town began as an important trading settlement in Celtic times, straddling east–west and north–south trade routes across the ...
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Walloon Congress
Walloon may refer to: * Walloons, a French-speaking population of Belgium * Walloon language * Walloon Region or Wallonia in Belgium ** Walloon Government * Walloon Lake * Walloon, Queensland See also * ''The Walloons'', a 1782 play by Richard Cumberland * Walloon sword * Wallon (other) Wallon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Henri-Alexandre Wallon (1812–1904), French historian and statesman *Henri Wallon (psychologist) (1879–1962), French psychologist and grandson of Henri-Alexandre Wallon Se ... {{disambig, geo Language and nationality disambiguation pages ...
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