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Helsinki Commuter Rail
Helsinki commuter rail ( fi, Helsingin seudun lähijunaliikenne, sv, Huvudstadsregionens närtrafik) is a commuter rail system serving Greater Helsinki and the surrounding county of Uusimaa. The system is a joint venture between the regional transport authority HSL and national railway operator VR. The system operates on four railway lines and comprises 13 services, all of which terminate at Helsinki Central Station. Within the HSL region, tickets and timetables are fully integrated with other modes of public transport. Four services extend into the operational area of VR commuter rail – tickets issued by VR are needed for journeys further north from Zone D. Both parties discontinued onboard ticket sales in 2017. Commuter rail is a backbone of public transport in Helsinki and is by far the lengthiest rapid transit system in Finland. Carrying a total of around 70 million passengers (2018) a year and operating about 670 departures on each weekday (2019). History Late 180 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JKOY Class Sm5
The Sm5 electric multiple unit (EMU) is a low-floor train used on the Helsinki commuter rail network. Unlike other train types on the network, the Sm5 units are owned by Pääkaupunkiseudun Junakalusto Oy, a subsidiary of the cities of Helsinki, Espoo, Vantaa and Kauniainen. The units are leased to the Helsinki Regional Transport Authority (HSL), and VR operates them. History Junakalusto Oy ordered 32 Stadler FLIRT EMUs from the Swiss manufacturer Stadler Rail in 2006. The first two units were delivered in November 2008 and 2009. The units were put through extensive testing on the Finnish rail network before the first unit entered commercial service in November 2009. As of July 2012, seventeen units have been delivered, all of them being in service. Nine more trainsets were ordered in October 2011 and 34 further units in 2014, raising the total to 75. The Sm5 units are designed for the Finnish winter conditions. They are fitted with 50–100% thicker thermal insulation co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vantaa
Vantaa (; sv, Vanda, ) is a city and Municipalities of Finland, municipality in Finland. It is part of the inner core of the Greater Helsinki, Finnish Capital Region along with Helsinki, Espoo, and Kauniainen. With a population of (), Vantaa is the fourth most populated city in Finland after Helsinki, Espoo and Tampere. Its administrative center is the Tikkurila Districts of Vantaa, district. Vantaa is bordered by Helsinki, the Finnish capital, to the south; Espoo to the southwest; Nurmijärvi to the northwest; Kerava and Tuusula to the north; and Sipoo to the east. The city encompasses , of which is water. Vantaa's significant attractions include the Vantaa River (''Vantaanjoki''), which flows through the city and flows into the Gulf of Finland. The largest airport in Finland, and the main airport and airline hub of Greater Helsinki, the Helsinki Airport, is located in Vantaa. Companies with headquarters in Vantaa include Finnair, Finavia, R-kioski, Tikkurila Oyj, Veikkaus, V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kauklahti Railway Station
Kauklahti railway station ( fi, Kauklahden rautatieasema, sv, Köklax järnvägstation) is a station on the Helsinki commuter rail network located in Espoo, Finland. The station is served by Helsinki commuter rail lines Y, X, U, L and E. The station has three platform tracks. Westbound trains towards Kirkkonummi use track one, while eastbound trains to Helsinki use track two. Some of the E-line trains however use track three. There used to be a request stop called Pelto whistle stop on the eastbound line towards Espoo Espoo (, ; sv, Esbo) is a city and municipality in the region of Uusimaa in the Republic of Finland. It is located on the northern shore of the Gulf of Finland, bordering the cities of Helsinki, Vantaa, Kirkkonummi, Vihti and Nurmijärvi ... and Helsinki, but this stop was closed in 1995 due to lack of use. There also used to be a little halt, Mankki, on the westbound line towards Kirkkonummi. This halt was closed in 2016 due to low passenger amounts. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev (Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porkkala Naval Base
Porkkala Naval Base was a Soviet naval base operational from 1944–1956 in the municipalities of Kirkkonummi, Ingå and Siuntio on the Porkkala peninsula, 30 kilometers (19 mi) ''west'' of Helsinki, the Finnish capital. The area was leased to the Soviet Union according to the 1944 signed Moscow Armistice between Finland, the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom. The area was returned to Finland in 1956, and currently hosts a Finnish naval base Upinniemi. History At the end of the Second World War the Soviet Union secured the rights of lease to a naval base at Porkkala, in accordance with the Moscow armistice agreement that ended the Continuation War, between Finland and the Soviets on September 19, 1944. Porkkala thus replaced the peninsula of Hanko, which had been leased to the Soviets as a naval base in 1940–41. A large area centered on the peninsula, including land from the municipalities of Kirkkonummi, Siuntio and Ingå and almost the entire area of Deg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Depression
The Great Depression (19291939) was an economic shock that impacted most countries across the world. It was a period of economic depression that became evident after a major fall in stock prices in the United States. The economic contagion began around September and led to the Wall Street stock market crash of October 24 (Black Thursday). It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century. Between 1929 and 1932, worldwide gross domestic product (GDP) fell by an estimated 15%. By comparison, worldwide GDP fell by less than 1% from 2008 to 2009 during the Great Recession. Some economies started to recover by the mid-1930s. However, in many countries, the negative effects of the Great Depression lasted until the beginning of World War II. Devastating effects were seen in both rich and poor countries with falling personal income, prices, tax revenues, and profits. International trade fell by more than 50%, unemployment in the U.S. rose to 23% and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independence Of Finland
Finland declared its independence on 6 December 1917. The formal Declaration of Independence was only part of the long process leading to the independence of Finland. History Proclamation of Empress Elizabeth (1742) The subject of an independent Finland was first mentioned in the 18th century, when present-day Finland was still ruled by Sweden. On 18 March 1742, during the Russian occupation in the Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743), Empress Elizabeth of Russia issued a proclamation in the Finnish language to the Finnish people asking them to create a Finland which would be independent from both Sweden and Russia. This led to preparations to create a Kingdom of Finland in 1742. Elizabeth's nephew Duke Peter of Holstein-Gottorp (who later became heir to the throne of Russia and Tsar as Peter III) was proclaimed King of Finland. However, the political situation outgrew the idea of a Finnish kingdom and the concept quickly evaporated. Anjala conspiracy (1788) The Anjala conspir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VR Class Pr1
VR Class Pr1 (original classification N1, nickname ''Paikku'', from Finnish “paikallinen”, local) was a tank steam locomotive for local passenger services of Valtionrautatiet, Finnish railways. Ordering and delivery In the 1920s, VR was concerned about the low power and speed of their existing class Vk1-3 class locomotives that were used in local services, especially on the Helsinki commuter rail services. A decision was reached to order a new and powerful, by standards of that time, local traffic locomotive from Hanomag with the intention of licence manufacture of more units by Finnish locomotive works. At the same time, a shunting locomotive based on a similar design, VR Class Vr3, Vr3, was also ordered. The classes share many parts, including as frames, boilers and spaces for coal, but wheel arrangement, domes and top speed are very different because of their completely different roles. The locomotive was of tank design with small coal bunker in the rear, which limited ope ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steam Locomotive
A steam locomotive is a locomotive that provides the force to move itself and other vehicles by means of the expansion of steam. It is fuelled by burning combustible material (usually coal, oil or, rarely, wood) to heat water in the locomotive's boiler to the point where it becomes gaseous and its volume increases 1,700 times. Functionally, it is a steam engine on wheels. In most locomotives, the steam is admitted alternately to each end of its cylinders, in which pistons are mechanically connected to the locomotive's main wheels. Fuel and water supplies are usually carried with the locomotive, either on the locomotive itself or in a tender coupled to it. Variations in this general design include electrically-powered boilers, turbines in place of pistons, and using steam generated externally. Steam locomotives were first developed in the United Kingdom during the early 19th century and used for railway transport until the middle of the 20th century. Richard Trevithick ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karis Railway Station
The Karis railway station ( sv, Karis järnvägsstation, fi, Karjaan rautatieasema) is a railway station in the town of Raseborg in the Uusimaa region, Finland. The station is located along the track between Helsinki and Turku, about 87 km west from Helsinki Central railway station and serves as a connection point between three different tracks: the main track between Helsinki and Turku, a branch track to the city of Hanko, and a former privately owned track between Karis and Hyvinkää, currently largely disused. Nearly all long-distance trains between Helsinki and Turku stop at the Karis railway station. The station is also the northern terminus of Karis-Hanko regional trains (railbuses) and used to be the westernmost terminus of Helsinki commuter rail (Y-line) in 2002–2016, although the station was served by one Y-line commuter train service to Helsinki at 5.44 in the morning (HL 8570) and an L-line service from Helsinki arriving at 0.39 ik the morning (HL 8525) until the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kirkkonummi Railway Station
Kirkkonummi railway station ( fi, Kirkkonummen rautatieasema, sv, Kyrkslätts järnvägsstation) is a railway station in the municipality of Kirkkonummi, Finland, between Siuntio railway station and Tolsa railway station. Kirkkonummi railway station serves as the terminus for the U and most L trains of the Helsinki commuter rail system and is also served by Y, X and L trains to Siuntio. Most of the long-distance trains between Helsinki and Turku used to stop at Kirkkonummi station until 2016. Nowadays only some few long-distance services make a stop at Kirkkonummi. The station has also three VR bus departures to Karis via Ingå on weekdays. Connections * Y trains (Helsinki-Siuntio, skip-stop) * U trains (Helsinki-Kirkkonummi) * L trains (Helsinki-Kirkkonummi (-Siuntio, one daily return), night-time and early morning) * X trains (Helsinki-Siuntio) * A few of the long-distance services between Helsinki and Turku Departure tracks There are three platform tracks at the Kirkkonu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rantarata
Rantarata (the Coastal Railway, Swedish: Kustbanan), is a railway running between the Helsinki Central railway station and the Turku railway station in Finland. Its first segment, linking Turku to Karis, was commissioned in 1895, and work began the following year. The Turku–Karis track was opened for temporary traffic on 1 April 1899 and for permanent use on 1 November 1899. The second part of the Rantarata, linking Karis to Helsinki, was approved in 1897 and opened for traffic in 1902–1903. The track was done to serve primarily in commuter traffic and was therefore laid out with many curves and as few tunnels and expensive earthworks as possible. This resulted in a series of corrections and straightening of curves, a work with began in the 1910s and continued all the way to the 1990s. As a part of the original plan, all of the stations along the Rantarata featured wooden station houses designed by the architect Bruno Granholm. Over the years many of these wood station bui ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
