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Hedbergia
''Hedbergia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants, initially classified in Scrophulariaceae, and now within the broomrape family Orobanchaceae. It contains a unique species, ''Hedbergia abyssinica''. It is an afromontane genus, widespread in grasslands and scrubs of the mountains of tropical Africa, and known from Ethiopia, Zaire, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Nigeria, and Cameroons. The genus name is a taxonomic patronym honoring the Swedish botanist Karl Olov Hedberg. Description ''Hedbergia abyssinica'' is a high, very hispid perennial plant, with subsessile thick leaves, and densely crowded, white to pink or magenta flowers. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Hedbergia'' belongs to the core Rhinantheae. ''Hedbergia'' is closely related to ''Odontites'', '' Bellardia'', and ''Tozzia''. In turn, these genera share phylogenetic affinities with ''Euphrasia'', and then with ''Bartsia ''Bartsia'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hedbergia
''Hedbergia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants, initially classified in Scrophulariaceae, and now within the broomrape family Orobanchaceae. It contains a unique species, ''Hedbergia abyssinica''. It is an afromontane genus, widespread in grasslands and scrubs of the mountains of tropical Africa, and known from Ethiopia, Zaire, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Nigeria, and Cameroons. The genus name is a taxonomic patronym honoring the Swedish botanist Karl Olov Hedberg. Description ''Hedbergia abyssinica'' is a high, very hispid perennial plant, with subsessile thick leaves, and densely crowded, white to pink or magenta flowers. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Hedbergia'' belongs to the core Rhinantheae. ''Hedbergia'' is closely related to ''Odontites'', '' Bellardia'', and ''Tozzia''. In turn, these genera share phylogenetic affinities with ''Euphrasia'', and then with ''Bartsia ''Bartsia'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bartsia
''Bartsia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Bartsia grows in damp places, such as marshes and wet meadows, in several parts of the west of England and Wales and in southwest Scotland. Etymology ''Bartsia'' was named after Johann Bartsch (Latinized as Johannes Bartsius, 1709-1738), a botanist of Königsberg. The plant was named for him by his associate Carl Linnaeus, and the genus has been sometimes spelt as ''Bartschia''. ''Starbia'', an anagram of ''Bartsia'', is another genus of Orobanchaceae, synonym of ''Alectra (plant), Alectra''. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Bartsia'' belongs to the core Rhinantheae. ''Bartsia'' sensu stricto (e.g. ''Bartsia alpina, B. alpina'') is the sister genus to ''Odontites'', ''Bellardia trixago, Bellardia'', ''Tozzia'', ''Hedbergia'', and ''Euphrasia''. Classification In 1990, the genus was revised to contain 49 species; 45 of them are endemi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhinantheae
Rhinantheae is a tribe with less than 20 genera of herbaceous plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using DNA markers. Three assemblages can be distinguished in this tribe: * ''Rhinanthus'' is the sister genus to ''Lathraea'', and then to ''Rhynchocorys''. These taxa are closely related to the core Rhinanteae. * In the core Rhinantheae, ''Odontites'' sensu lato, including ''Bornmuellerantha'' and ''Bartsiella'', is the sister genus to ''Bellardia'', including ''Parentucellia'' and ''Bartsia canescens'' + ''B. mutica''. These taxa are closely related to ''Hedbergia'' (including ''Bartsia decurva'' + ''B. longiflora'') and ''Tozzia''. In turn, these genera share phylogenetic affinities with ''Euphrasia'', and then with ''Bartsia'' sensu stricto (''Bartsia alpina''). * ''Melampyrum'' occupies an isolated, deep-branching position. The median crown age of Rhinantheae was estimated to be ca. 30 Myr. Systematics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Olov Hedberg
Prof. Karl Olov Hedberg (19 October 1923 – 24 September 2007) of Västerås was a botanist, taxonomist, author, professor of systematic botany at Uppsala University from 1970 to 1989, and an Editor of the Flora of Ethiopia. Career Professor Hedberg was a pioneer in scientific knowledge on the afroalpine vegetation. Our present knowledge of this biosystem owes much to the research he and his wife Inga did on the Rwenzori and other high mountains in East Africa. His breakthrough views were based on their systematic fieldwork in the late 1940s. 'Features of Afroalpine Plant Ecology' remains a landmark in equatorial alpine ecological research up till today, and is still available in a facsimile re-edition of 1995. Schutyser S. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orobanchaceae Genera
Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family of mostly parasitic plants of the order Lamiales, with about 90 genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera (e.g., ''Pedicularis'', ''Rhinanthus'', ''Striga'') were formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae ''sensu lato''. With its new circumscription, Orobanchaceae forms a distinct, monophyletic family. From a phylogenetic perspective, it is defined as the largest crown clade containing '' Orobanche major'' and relatives, but neither ''Paulownia tomentosa'' nor ''Phryma leptostachya'' nor '' Mazus japonicus''. The Orobanchaceae are annual herbs or perennial herbs or shrubs, and most (all except ''Lindenbergia'', ''Rehmannia'' and ''Triaenophora'') are parasitic on the roots of other plants—either holoparasitic or hemiparasitic (fully or partly parasitic). The holoparasitic species lack chlorophyll and therefore cannot perform photosynthesis. Description Orobanchaceae is the largest of the 20–28 dicot f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orobanchaceae
Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family of mostly parasitic plants of the order Lamiales, with about 90 genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera (e.g., ''Pedicularis'', ''Rhinanthus'', ''Striga'') were formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae ''sensu lato''. With its new circumscription, Orobanchaceae forms a distinct, monophyletic family. From a phylogenetic perspective, it is defined as the largest crown clade containing '' Orobanche major'' and relatives, but neither ''Paulownia tomentosa'' nor ''Phryma leptostachya'' nor '' Mazus japonicus''. The Orobanchaceae are annual herbs or perennial herbs or shrubs, and most (all except ''Lindenbergia'', ''Rehmannia'' and ''Triaenophora'') are parasitic on the roots of other plants—either holoparasitic or hemiparasitic (fully or partly parasitic). The holoparasitic species lack chlorophyll and therefore cannot perform photosynthesis. Description Orobanchaceae is the largest of the 20–28 dicot fami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euphrasia
''Euphrasia'', or eyebright, is a genus of about 450 species of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae (formerly included in the Scrophulariaceae), with a cosmopolitan distribution. They are semi-parasitic on grasses and other plants. The common name refers to the plant's use in treating eye infections. Many species are found in alpine or sub-alpine meadows where snow is common. Flowers usually are borne terminally, are zygomorphic, and have a lower petal shaped like a lip. The most common flower colours are purple, blue-white, and violet. Some species have yellow markings on the lower petal to act as a guide to pollinating insects. Alternative names, mainly in herbalism, are ''Augentrostkraut, Euphrasiae herba, Herba Euphrasiae'' and ''Herbe d'Euphraise''. Use in herbalism and medicine The plant was known to classical herbalists, but then was not referred to until mentioned again in 1305. Nicholas Culpeper assigned it to the Zodiac sign Leo, claiming that it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tozzia
''Tozzia'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants within the broomrape family Orobanchaceae. It contains a unique species, ''Tozzia alpina''. While the plant in its young, vegetative stage is holoparasite, it becomes hemiparasite in its flowering stage. The originality of this species is therefore to combine half and full parasitism. The range of ''Tozzia alpina'' extends from the Pyrenees and the Alps to the Balkans and the Carpathians. Description Vegetative features ''Tozzia alpina'' is a herbaceous, perennial plant, reaching heights of . The quadrangular stem is hairless in the lower part, hairy on the edges in the middle and upper part. The simple, bright green leaves are broad, ovate, serrate, with a length of 1 to 3.5 centimeters, a rounded or slightly heart-shaped basis, and a sharp upper end. Reproductive features The flowering period is from June to August. The hermaphroditic zygomorph flowers are organized into a raceme inflorescence. The bracts have a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bellardia Trixago
''Bellardia trixago'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae (it has been formerly classified in the family Scrophulariaceae). The only member of the monotypic genus ''Bellardia'', it is known as trixago bartsia or Mediterranean lineseed. This plant is native to the Mediterranean Basin, but it is known in other places with similar climates, such as California and parts of Chile, where it is an introduced species and noxious weed. Etymology The genus name ''Bellardia'' is a taxonomic patronym in honor of Carlo Antonio Lodovico Bellardi (1741-1826), an Italian botanist from Piedmont. The species name ''trixago'' has two possible etymologies. * It derives from the ancient Greek word (), meaning "hair", and the Latin suffix ''ago'' used to indicate a property, and refers to the glandular-hairy characteristic of the plant. * It derives from the ancient Greek word , , or (, , or ), meaning "triple", and refers to the trilobate lower lip of the flower. It is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Odontites
''Odontites'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the genera of Rhinantheae has been explored using molecular characters. ''Odontites'' belongs to the core Rhinantheae. It is the sister genus to ''Bellardia'', and then to ''Tozzia'' and ''Hedbergia''. These taxa are closely related to the genus ''Euphrasia''. In turn, these five genera share phylogenetic affinities with ''Bartsia''. Conservation One of the ''Odontites'' species, ''O. granatensis'', endemic to the Sierra Nevada in Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ..., was so threatened that in 1993 only 1,500 plants survived in two locations. Due to conservation efforts the plant has made a comeback, numbering over 100,000 in 2006. References Oroban ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hispid
Trichomes (); ) are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants, algae, lichens, and certain protists. They are of diverse structure and function. Examples are hairs, glandular hairs, scales, and papillae. A covering of any kind of hair on a plant is an indumentum, and the surface bearing them is said to be pubescent. Algal trichomes Certain, usually filamentous, algae have the terminal cell produced into an elongate hair-like structure called a trichome. The same term is applied to such structures in some cyanobacteria, such as '' Spirulina'' and ''Oscillatoria''. The trichomes of cyanobacteria may be unsheathed, as in ''Oscillatoria'', or sheathed, as in ''Calothrix''. These structures play an important role in preventing soil erosion, particularly in cold desert climates. The filamentous sheaths form a persistent sticky network that helps maintain soil structure. Plant trichomes Plant trichomes have many different features that vary between both species of plant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Internal Transcribed Spacer
Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) is the spacer DNA situated between the small-subunit ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and large-subunit rRNA genes in the chromosome or the corresponding transcribed region in the polycistronic rRNA precursor transcript. ITS across life domains In bacteria and archaea, there is a single ITS, located between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes. Conversely, there are two ITSs in eukaryotes: ITS1 is located between 18S and 5.8S rRNA genes, while ITS2 is between 5.8S and 28S (in opisthokonts, or 25S in plants) rRNA genes. ITS1 corresponds to the ITS in bacteria and archaea, while ITS2 originated as an insertion that interrupted the ancestral 23S rRNA gene. Organization In bacteria and archaea, the ITS occurs in one to several copies, as do the flanking 16S and 23S genes. When there are multiple copies, these do not occur adjacent to one another. Rather, they occur in discrete locations in the circular chromosome. It is not uncommon in bacteria to carry tRN ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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