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HKL Class M100
The HKL Class M100 is the first and oldest class of metro trains in use on the Helsinki Metro. One train consists of two individually numbered cars. A total of 42 units (84 cars in total) were manufactured between 1977 and 1984. Up to six pairs can be combined into a 12-car train formation, however due to the relatively short length of the platforms (especially on the new ''Länsimetro'' extension), at most only two pairs (giving a 4-car formation per train; and prior to the ''Länsimetro'' opening in 2017 three pairs resulting in 6-car formations could also be seen during rush hour) can be combined for passenger service. Longer combinations are used in maintenance operations. Any Helsinki metro train types can be combined mechanically, such as for towing. The M100 series is the first train in the world to use VVVF propulsion inverters, developed and manufactured by Strömberg. The first three units (cars 101–106; nicknamed ''"nokkajuna"'', "beak trains") were constructed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valmet
Valmet Oyj is a Finnish company and a developer and supplier of technologies, automation systems and services for the pulp (paper), pulp, paper and energy industry, energy industries. Valmet has over 200 years of history as an industrial operator. Formerly owned by the State of Finland, Valmet was reborn in December 2013 with the demerger of the pulp, paper and power businesses from Metso Corporation. Valmet's services include maintenance outsourcing, mill and power plant improvements, and spare parts. The company provides technology for pulp, tissue, board and paper mills and bioenergy plants. Valmet has operations in more than 40 countries and it employs about 17,000 people. Its headquarters are located in Espoo, and it is listed on the Helsinki Stock Exchange, Nasdaq Helsinki. In 2021, Valmet's net sales totaled €3.9 billion. History Historical products During its history, Valmet has made ships, trains, aeroplanes, tractors, clocks and weapons, as described in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Variable-frequency Drive
A variable-frequency drive (VFD) is a type of motor drive used in electro-mechanical drive systems to control AC motor speed and torque by varying motor input frequency and, depending on topology, to control associated voltage or current variation., quote is per definition on p. 4 of NEMA Standards Publication ICS 7.2-2021. VFDs may also be known as 'AFDs' (adjustable-frequency drives), 'ASDs' (adjustable-speed drives), 'VSDs' (variable-speed drives), 'AC drives', 'micro drives', 'inverter drives' or, simply, 'drives'. VFDs are used in applications ranging from small appliances to large compressors. An increasing number of end users are showing greater interest in electric drive systems due to more stringent emission standards and demand for increased reliability and better availability. Systems using VFDs can be more efficient than those using throttling control of fluid flow, such as in systems with pumps and damper control for fans. However, the global market penetration fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Onnettomuustutkintakeskus
The Safety Investigation Authority of Finland (SIAF or SIA, fi, Onnettomuustutkintakeskus, lit. ''Accident Investigation Center'', shortened to ; sv, Olycksutredningscentralen) is the accident investigation authority of Finland. It investigates all major accidents, and all aviation, maritime, and rail accidents and incidents. SIAF is located within the Ministry of Justice, and is headquartered in Helsinki, Finland. The SIAF was previously known in English as the ''Accident Investigation Board of Finland''. Organization The SIAF consists of five investigation branches: aviation, maritime, rail, other accidents, and exceptional events. The SIA has appointed a chief investigator to each. References External links * Safety Investigation AuthoritySafety Investigation Authority Safety Investigation Authority Safety Investigation Act (525/2011) Ministry of Justice (Finland) Aviation in Finland Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Itäkeskus Metro Station
Itäkeskus metro station (, - "Eastern Center") is a ground-level station on the Helsinki Metro. The station was built on the grounds of the shopping center Itis, and serves the quarter of Itäkeskus in the neighborhood of Vartiokylä in East Helsinki. There are 240 bicycle and 420 car parking spaces at the station. Itäkeskus is served by both M1 and M2 and acts as an exchange station between the two, as it is the easternmost station to be shared by both lines. Itäkeskus is one of the original stations on the system, and was opened on 1 June 1982. It was designed by Jaakko Ylinen and Jarmo Maunula. Itäkeskus is located 2.1 kilometers east of Siilitie metro station, 1.9 kilometers south of Myllypuro metro station, and 1.0 kilometers south-west of Puotila metro station. Itäkeskus station is unique in the sense that it is the only station on the Helsinki metro that has 3 platforms. It is also one of the two stations on the network at which trains' doors open on the "wrong" side ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ilmala Depot
Ilmala depot (Finnish language, Finnish: ''Ilmalan varikko'') is a railway depot owned and operated by the VR Group in Pohjois-Pasila, Helsinki. It is located to the west of the Posti Group, Posti distribution centre, south of Hakamäentie, east of Veturitie and north of the Postipuisto development area. The entire depot area is roughly in size, and it contains of rails. Roughly 800 people work in the area. The depot maintains the majority of VR's long-distance rolling stock and all of VR commuter rail, its commuter rail rolling stock. History The depot was built on marshy soil at the turn of the 60s and 70s. The area had previously been used as a shooting range, then as a VR landfill, which later moved to Pasila dumping ground in 1949. During that decade, VR began to draw up plans for a passenger train depot in the area. The landfill was closed in 1963, and work on the depot began in 1967. The first track to built in the area was the connection to the Rantarata, Helsinki-Turk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helsinki City Museum
Helsinki City Museum ( fi, Helsingin kaupunginmuseo, sv, Helsingfors stadsmuseum) is a museum in Helsinki that documents and displays the history of Helsinki, the capital of Finland. Its mission is to record and uphold Helsinki's spiritual, material and architectural heritage. The museum features personal memories and everyday life of the city's residents. It also acts as the regional museum for central Uusimaa with a mission to promote and steer museum activities in the region. Helsinki City Museum is located next to the Senate Square in the oldest blocks of the city. It also operates four other museums around Helsinki: Villa Hakasalmi, Burgher's House, Worker Housing Museum and Tram Museum. Entrance to all museums is free of charge. The museum's collections contain about one million photos, for instance popular photos of early 20th century Helsinki by Signe Brander Signe Viola Brander (15 April 1869 – 17 May 1942) was a Finnish photographer. She is best known for documen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vantaa
Vantaa (; sv, Vanda, ) is a city and Municipalities of Finland, municipality in Finland. It is part of the inner core of the Greater Helsinki, Finnish Capital Region along with Helsinki, Espoo, and Kauniainen. With a population of (), Vantaa is the fourth most populated city in Finland after Helsinki, Espoo and Tampere. Its administrative center is the Tikkurila Districts of Vantaa, district. Vantaa is bordered by Helsinki, the Finnish capital, to the south; Espoo to the southwest; Nurmijärvi to the northwest; Kerava and Tuusula to the north; and Sipoo to the east. The city encompasses , of which is water. Vantaa's significant attractions include the Vantaa River (''Vantaanjoki''), which flows through the city and flows into the Gulf of Finland. The largest airport in Finland, and the main airport and airline hub of Greater Helsinki, the Helsinki Airport, is located in Vantaa. Companies with headquarters in Vantaa include Finnair, Finavia, R-kioski, Tikkurila Oyj, Veikkaus, V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prototype
A prototype is an early sample, model, or release of a product built to test a concept or process. It is a term used in a variety of contexts, including semantics, design, electronics, and Software prototyping, software programming. A prototype is generally used to evaluate a new design to enhance precision by system analysts and users. Prototyping serves to provide specifications for a real, working system rather than a theoretical one. In some design workflow models, creating a prototype (a process sometimes called materialization) is the step between the Formal specification, formalization and the evaluation of an idea. A prototype can also mean a typical example of something such as in the use of the derivation 'prototypical'. This is a useful term in identifying objects, behaviours and concepts which are considered the accepted norm and is analogous with terms such as stereotypes and archetypes. The word ''wikt:prototype, prototype'' derives from the Greek language, Greek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Power Inverter
A power inverter, inverter or invertor is a power electronic device or circuitry that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). The resulting AC frequency obtained depends on the particular device employed. Inverters do the opposite of rectifiers which were originally large electromechanical devices converting AC to DC. The input voltage, output voltage and frequency, and overall power handling depend on the design of the specific device or circuitry. The inverter does not produce any power; the power is provided by the DC source. A power inverter can be entirely electronic or may be a combination of mechanical effects (such as a rotary apparatus) and electronic circuitry. Static inverters do not use moving parts in the conversion process. Power inverters are primarily used in electrical power applications where high currents and voltages are present; circuits that perform the same function for electronic signals, which usually have very low currents and vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Länsimetro
Länsimetro (English: Western Metro, Swedish: Västmetron) is an extension to the Helsinki Metro system in Finland. The grand opening for the long-awaited extension was held on 18 November 2017. Länsimetro extends the system's two lines, M1 and M2, from Central Helsinki to the neighbouring city of Espoo. The new stretch continues the lines from the existing Ruoholahti station via the island of Lauttasaari, the Aalto University Otaniemi campus and Tapiola, the terminus of line M2. Line M1 continues further west to Matinkylä. Unlike previous extensions to the Helsinki Metro system, Länsimetro runs entirely underground. The second phase opened on December 3, 2022 and continue the line further west to Kivenlahti, which is located near the municipal border of Kirkkonummi. Final approval for a route was granted on 4 April 2007, and construction began in November 2009. In February 2014, rock blasting was complete, and the fitting out of the tunnels and construction of the stati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metro Train
Rapid transit or mass rapid transit (MRT), also known as heavy rail or metro, is a type of high-capacity public transport generally found in urban areas. A rapid transit system that primarily or traditionally runs below the surface may be called a subway, tube, or underground. Unlike buses or trams, rapid transit systems are railways (usually electric) that operate on an exclusive right-of-way, which cannot be accessed by pedestrians or other vehicles, and which is often grade-separated in tunnels or on elevated railways. Modern services on rapid transit systems are provided on designated lines between stations typically using electric multiple units on rail tracks, although some systems use guided rubber tires, magnetic levitation (''maglev''), or monorail. The stations typically have high platforms, without steps inside the trains, requiring custom-made trains in order to minimize gaps between train and platform. They are typically integrated with other public transport a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silicon Controlled Rectifier
A silicon controlled rectifier or semiconductor controlled rectifier is a four-layer solid-state current-controlling device. The name "silicon controlled rectifier" is General Electric's trade name for a type of thyristor. The principle of four-layer p–n–p–n switching was developed by Moll, Tanenbaum, Goldey, and Holonyak of Bell Laboratories in 1956. The practical demonstration of silicon controlled switching and detailed theoretical behavior of a device in agreement with the experimental results was presented by Dr Ian M. Mackintosh of Bell Laboratories in January 1958. The SCR was developed by a team of power engineers led by Gordon Hall and commercialized by Frank W. "Bill" Gutzwiller in 1957. Some sources define silicon-controlled rectifiers and thyristors as synonymous while other sources define silicon-controlled rectifiers as a proper subset of the set of thyristors; the latter being devices with at least four layers of alternating n- and p-type material. Accor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
