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Huang Chonggu
Huang Chonggu (, 885–924) was a Chinese civil servant and poet known for her academic skill, as well as for impersonating a man. Her backstory and poems have served as inspiration for a variety of historical and modern adaptations. Biography Huang was born the daughter of a civil servant, but became an orphan at an early age, and was brought up by a maid. At a young age, she began to dress in the clothing of a man. Around 915, she was arrested on suspicion of arson, and wrote a poem in her defense. Because of this, she was acquitted by the Prime Minister of the state of Shu, Zhou Xiang, who was impressed by the intelligence and talent exhibited in her defense. Afterward, Zhou Xiang gave her a scholarship to study at a nearby university, and employed her after she had completed her education in the local administration. While there, she was described as a talented poet, a skilled chess player, and a capable official and administrator. Zhou Xiang was so impressed with h ...
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Huang (surname)
Huang (; ) is a Chinese surname that originally means and refers to jade people were wearing and decorating in ancient times. While ''Huáng'' is the pinyin romanization of the word, it may also be romanized as Hwang (Korean surname), Hwang, Wong (surname), Wong, Waan, Wan, Waon, Hwong, Vong, Hung, Hong, Bong, Eng, Ng (name), Ng, Uy (surname), Uy, Wee, Oi, Oei, Oey, Ooi, Ong, or Ung due to pronunciations of the word in different dialects and languages. It is the 96th name on the ''Hundred Family Surnames'' poem.K. S. Tom. [1989] (1989). Echoes from Old China: Life, Legends and Lore of the Middle Kingdom. University of Hawaii Press. . This surname is known as Hwang (Korean name), Hwang in Korean language, Korean. In Vietnamese language, Vietnamese, the name is known as Hoàng or Huỳnh. Huang is the 7th most common surname in China. Huynh is the 5th most common surname in Vietnam. The population of Huangs in China and Taiwan was estimated at more than 35 million in 2020; it was a ...
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Qionglai City
Qionglai () is a county-level city of Sichuan Province, Southwest China, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Chengdu. It is located around from downtown Chengdu. The city is located on the western edge of the Sichuan Basin and in the foothills of the Qionglai Mountains that bound the basin from the west, and is bordered by the prefecture-level city of Ya'an to the west. Transport *China National Highway 318 *Rivers and Water There are many rivers around in Qionglai City, so it has abundant water power. South River, Zhuojiang River, Xiejiang River and Pujiang River flow through this city, and they are 217.15 kilometers long in total. The quantity of runoff of surface water may reach 991 million cubic meters, including 532.8 million cubic meters which can be made use of by humans. Underground water can reach 106 million cubic meters. Surface and underground water create many opportunities to support agriculture and manufacture. Climate See also *Q ...
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Tang Dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an Zhou dynasty (690–705), interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Historians generally regard the Tang as a high point in Chinese civilization, and a Golden age (metaphor), golden age of cosmopolitan culture. Tang territory, acquired through the military campaigns of its early rulers, rivaled that of the Han dynasty. The House of Li, Lǐ family () founded the dynasty, seizing power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire and inaugurating a period of progress and stability in the first half of the dynasty's rule. The dynasty was formally interrupted during 690–705 when Empress Wu Zetian seized the throne, proclaiming the Zhou dynasty (690–705), Wu Zhou dynasty and becoming the only legitimate Chinese empress regnant. The devast ...
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Poet
A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator ( thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems (oral or written), or they may also perform their art to an audience. The work of a poet is essentially one of communication, expressing ideas either in a literal sense (such as communicating about a specific event or place) or metaphorically. Poets have existed since prehistory, in nearly all languages, and have produced works that vary greatly in different cultures and periods. Throughout each civilization and language, poets have used various styles that have changed over time, resulting in countless poets as diverse as the literature that (since the advent of writing systems) they have produced. History In Ancient Rome, professional poets were generally sponsored by patrons, wealthy supporters including nobility and military officials. For inst ...
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Tang Poetry
Tang poetry () refers to poetry written in or around the time of or in the characteristic style of China's Tang dynasty, (June 18, 618 – June 4, 907, including the 690–705 reign of Wu Zetian) and/or follows a certain style, often considered as the Golden Age of Chinese poetry. The ''Quan Tangshi'' includes over 48,900 poems written by over 2,200 authors. During the Tang dynasty, poetry continued to be an important part of social life at all levels of society. Scholars were required to master poetry for the civil service exams, but the art was theoretically available to everyone. This led to a large record of poetry and poets, a partial record of which survives today. The two most famous poets of the period were Li Bai and Du Fu. Through the ''Three Hundred Tang Poems'', Tang poetry has remain familiar to educated Chinese in modern times. Periodization The periodization scheme employed in this article is the one detailed by the Ming dynasty scholar Gao Bing (1350–1423) in th ...
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Tang Dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an Zhou dynasty (690–705), interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Historians generally regard the Tang as a high point in Chinese civilization, and a Golden age (metaphor), golden age of cosmopolitan culture. Tang territory, acquired through the military campaigns of its early rulers, rivaled that of the Han dynasty. The House of Li, Lǐ family () founded the dynasty, seizing power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire and inaugurating a period of progress and stability in the first half of the dynasty's rule. The dynasty was formally interrupted during 690–705 when Empress Wu Zetian seized the throne, proclaiming the Zhou dynasty (690–705), Wu Zhou dynasty and becoming the only legitimate Chinese empress regnant. The devast ...
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Zhou Xiang
Zhou Xiang () was a chief strategist for Wang Jian, the founding emperor (Emperor Gaozu) of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Former Shu, during Wang Jian's years of warfare to firmly establish himself as a warlord late in preceding Tang Dynasty. After the founding of Former Shu, Zhou served as a chancellor. During Tang Dynasty It is not known when Zhou Xiang was born, but he was said to be from Xu Prefecture (許州, in modern Xuchang, Henan). The first historical reference to him was in 887, when he was referred to as a former storage officer for Long Prefecture (龍州, in modern Mianyang, Sichuan).''Zizhi Tongjian'', vol. 256. Apparently, after leaving that post, he became a guest of the general Wang Jian, who was then the prefect of Li Prefecture (利州, in modern Guangyuan, Sichuan).''Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms'' (十國春秋)vol. 40 In 887, then-reigning Emperor Xizong of Tang commissioned a new military governor (''Jiedush ...
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Qijue
''Qiyan jueju'' (七言絕句; abbr. ''qijue'' 七絕), known in Japan as is a type of jueju poetry form consisting of four phrases each seven Chinese characters (or kanji) in length. ''Shichigon-zekku'' are the most common form of classical Chinese poems ('' kanshi''), and the standard form of ''shigin'' (Japanese chanted poetry). Composition In composing ''Qiyan Jueju'', the character of the phrases (''Jueju'') is important. The rules are as follows: *First phrase : Depiction of the scene *Second phrase : Add further illustration and detail to the ''Qiju'' *Third phrase : By changing the scene of action, reveal the true essence of the poem *Fourth phrase : In assimilating the ''Zhuanju'' draw together and complete the poem Examples * Example of ''qiyan jueju'': * Example of ''shichigon-zekku'': See also *Chinese poetry *Jueju *Kishōtenketsu *Shigin *Japanese poetry Japanese poetry is poetry typical of Japan, or written, spoken, or chanted in the Japanese language, ...
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Xu Wei
Xu Wei (, 1521–1593), other department Qingteng Shanren (), was a Chinese painter, playwright, poet, and tea master during the Ming dynasty. A noted painter, poet, writer and dramatist famed for his artistic expressiveness.Cihai: Page 802. Revolutionary for its time, his painting style influenced and inspired countless subsequent painters, such as Bada Shanren, the Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou, and the modern masters Wu Changshuo and Qi Baishi.Barnhart: Page 232. Qi once exclaimed in a poem that "How I wish to be born 300 years earlier so I could grind ink and prepare paper for Green Vine ( A Xu Wei pen name)" (). Xu Wei can be considered as the founder of modern painting in China. His influence continues to exert itself. Despite his posthumous recognition, Xu was manifestly mentally ill and unsuccessful in life, ending his life in poverty after the murder of his third wife and several attempts at suicide. Life Xu's courtesy names were Wenqing (文清) and then later Wenchan ...
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10th-century Chinese People
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1. In conventions of sign where zero is considered neither positive nor negative, 1 is the first and smallest positive integer. It is also sometimes considered the first of the infinite sequence of natural numbers, followed by  2, although by other definitions 1 is the second natural number, following  0. The fundamental mathematical property of 1 is to be a multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. Most if not all properties of 1 can be deduced from this. In advanced mathematics, a multiplicative identity is often denoted 1, even if it is not a number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number; this was not universally accepted until the mid-20th century. Additionally, 1 is the s ...
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9th-century Chinese People
The 9th century was a period from 801 ( DCCCI) through 900 ( CM) in accordance with the Julian calendar. The Carolingian Renaissance and the Viking raids occurred within this period. In the Middle East, the House of Wisdom was founded in Abbasid Baghdad, attracting many scholars to the city. The field of algebra was founded by the Muslim polymath al-Khwarizmi. The most famous Islamic Scholar Ahmad ibn Hanbal was tortured and imprisoned by Abbasid official Ahmad ibn Abi Du'ad during the reign of Abbasid caliph al-Mu'tasim and caliph al-Wathiq. In Southeast Asia, the height of the Mataram Kingdom happened in this century, while Burma would see the establishment of the major kingdom of Pagan. Tang China started the century with the effective rule under Emperor Xianzong and ended the century with the Huang Chao rebellions. While the Maya experienced widespread political collapse in the central Maya region, resulting in internecine warfare, the abandonment of cities, and a northward ...
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