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Hrazdan (river)
The Hrazdan ( hy, Հրազդան գետ, ) is a major river and the second largest in Armenia. It originates at the northwest extremity of Lake Sevan and flows south through the Kotayk Province and Armenia's capital, Yerevan; the lake in turn is fed by several streams. In the Ararat plain it joins the Aras river along the border with Turkey. Its waters join the Kura river, before flowing into the Caspian Sea. A series of hydro-electric plants have been constructed on the river. Its waters are in demand to irrigate crops. Names The river was called Ildaruni in Urartian. Its name in Turkic languages is Zangu, Zanga, Zangi, or Zengy. Geography The Sevan Lakes (with 30 rivers contributing to its storage), the largest located in the central part of the country and the Hrazdan River which originates from it, together form the "Sevan-Hrazdan Management Area", which is one of the five sub-basins of the 14 sub-basins of Kura and Araks basins of Armenia. The river originates from the lak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yerevan
Yerevan ( , , hy, Երևան , sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and industrial center of the country, as its primate city. It has been the Historical capitals of Armenia, capital since 1918, the Historical capitals of Armenia, fourteenth in the history of Armenia and the seventh located in or around the Ararat Plain. The city also serves as the seat of the Araratian Pontifical Diocese, which is the largest diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church and one of the oldest dioceses in the world. The history of Yerevan dates back to the 8th century BCE, with the founding of the fortress of Erebuni Fortress, Erebuni in 782 BCE by King Argishti I of Urartu, Argishti I of Urartu at the western extreme of the Ararat Plain. Erebuni was "designed as a great administrative an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabkir (district)
Arabkir ( hy, Արաբկիր վարչական շրջան), is one of the 12 districts of Yerevan, the capital of Armenia. Located to the north of the city centre, Arabkir is bordered by the Davtashen District from the northwest, Ajapnyak District from the west, Kentron District from the south, and Kanaker-Zeytun District from the east. Hrazdan River forms the natural border of the district from the north and the west. At the north, Arabkir has common borders with the community of Kanakeravan of Kotayk Province. Overview With an area of 12 km2 (5.38% of Yerevan city area), Arabkir is the 8th-largest district of Yerevan in terms of area. It is unofficially divided into smaller neighborhoods such as Nor Arabkir, Mergelyan, Aygedzor, Kanaker Hydropower Plant and Raykom. Arabkir's main thoroughfare is the Komitas Avenue, while the streets of Kievyan, N. Zarian, Hrachya Kochar, Mamikonian, Al. Griboyedov, A. Khachaturian, V. Vagharshyan, V. Papazian, and N. Adontz are among ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hrazdan Gorge From Argel Village
Hrazdan ( hy, Հրազդան), is a town and urban municipal community in Armenia serving as the administrative centre of Kotayk Province, located northeast of the capital Yerevan. As of the 2011 census, the population of the town is 41,875. It has lost a significant number of inhabitants since the 1989 census reported 59,000 people. During the Soviet period, Hrazdan was one of the highly industrialized centres of the Armenian SSR. The prelacy of the Diocese of Kotayk of the Armenian Apostolic Church is headquartered in Hrazdan. Etymology The town is named after the Hrazdan River which flows through the town from north to south. The name ''Hrazdan'' itself is derived from the Middle-Persian name ''Frazdān'' which is related to the Zoroastrian mythology. ''Frazdān'' is the name of the lake mentioned in the Avesta while referring to Goshtasb's war with two of its enemies. Armenians were predominantly Zoroastrian before embracing Christianity, and Zoroastrian names were main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crayfish
Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans belonging to the clade Astacidea, which also contains lobsters. In some locations, they are also known as crawfish, craydids, crawdaddies, crawdads, freshwater lobsters, mountain lobsters, rock lobsters, mudbugs, baybugs or yabbies. Taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea. They breathe through feather-like gills. Some species are found in brooks and streams, where fresh water is running, while others thrive in swamps, ditches, and paddy fields. Most crayfish cannot tolerate polluted water, although some species, such as ''Procambarus clarkii'', are hardier. Crayfish feed on animals and plants, either living or decomposing, and detritus. The term "crayfish" is applied to saltwater species in some countries. Terminology The name "crayfish" comes from the Old French word ' (Modern French '). The word has been modified to "crayfish" by association with "fish" (folk etymology). The largely American ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sevan Trout
The Sevan trout (''Salmo ischchan'') is an endemic fish species of Lake Sevan in Armenia, known as ishkhan (իշխան, ) in Armenian. It is a salmonid fish related to the brown trout. The fish is endangered, because various competitors were introduced into the lake during the Soviet period, including common whitefish (''Coregonus lavaretus'') from Lake Ladoga, goldfish (''Carassius auratus'') and narrow-clawed crayfish (''Astacus leptodactylus''); and because of lake level change. On the other hand, the Sevan trout itself has been successfully introduced to Issyk Kul lake in Kyrgyzstan. A resolution by Armenia's Council of Ministers in 1976 stopped the commercial fishing of Sevan trout and organized Sevan National Park. The fish are nowadays also reared in hatcheries. The Sevan trout has fourGabrielyan, B.K. (2001An annotated checklist of freshwater fishes of Armenia ''Naga'' vol. 24, 23–29. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copepods
Copepods (; meaning "oar-feet") are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (inhabiting sea waters), some are benthic (living on the ocean floor), a number of species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, and puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses (phytotelmata) of plants such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as biodiversity indicators. As with other crustaceans, copepods have a larval form. For copepods, the egg hatches into a nauplius form, with a head and a tail but no true thorax or abdomen. The larva molts several times until it resembles the adult and then, after more molts, achieves adult development. The nauplius form is so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladocerans
The Diplostraca or Cladocera, commonly known as water fleas, are a superorder of small crustaceans that feed on microscopic chunks of organic matter (excluding some predatory forms). Over 1000 species have been recognised so far, with many more undescribed. The oldest fossils of diplostracans date to the Jurassic, though their modern morphology suggests that they originated substantially earlier, during the Paleozoic. Some have also adapted to a life in the ocean, the only members of Branchiopoda to do so, even if several anostracans live in hypersaline lakes. Most are long, with a down-turned head with a single median compound eye, and a carapace covering the apparently unsegmented thorax and abdomen. Most species show cyclical parthenogenesis, where asexual reproduction is occasionally supplemented by sexual reproduction, which produces resting eggs that allow the species to survive harsh conditions and disperse to distant habitats. Description They are mostly long, with th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rotifers
The rotifers (, from the Latin , "wheel", and , "bearing"), commonly called wheel animals or wheel animalcules, make up a phylum (Rotifera ) of microscopic and near-microscopic pseudocoelomate animals. They were first described by Rev. John Harris in 1696, and other forms were described by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek in 1703. Most rotifers are around long (although their size can range from to over ), and are common in freshwater environments throughout the world with a few saltwater species. Some rotifers are free swimming and truly planktonic, others move by inchworming along a substrate, and some are sessile, living inside tubes or gelatinous holdfasts that are attached to a substrate. About 25 species are colonial (e.g., '' Sinantherina semibullata''), either sessile or planktonic. Rotifers are an important part of the freshwater zooplankton, being a major foodsource and with many species also contributing to the decomposition of soil organic matter. Most species of the ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chironominae
Chironominae is a subfamily of midges in the non-biting midge family (Chironomidae). Genera *Tribe Chironomini **''Axarus'' Roback 1980 **'' Baeotendipes'' Kieffer, 1913 **'' Beckidia'' Sæther 1979 **'' Carbochironomus'' Reiss & Kirschbaum 1990 **''Chernovskiia'' Sæther 1977 **''Chironomus'' Meigen, 1803 **''Cladopelma'' Kieffer, 1921 **''Cryptochironomus'' Kieffer, 1918 **''Cryptotendipes'' Lenz, 1941 **''Demeijerea'' Kruseman, 1933 **''Demicryptochironomus'' Lenz, 1941 **''Dicrotendipes'' Kieffer, 1913 **''Einfeldia'' Kieffer, 1924 **''Endochironomus'' Kieffer, 1918 **''Glyptotendipes'' Kieffer, 1913 **''Graceus'' Goetghebuer, 1928 **'' Harnischia'' Kieffer, 1921 **'' Kiefferulus'' Goetghebuer, 1922 **''Kloosia'' Kruseman 1933 **'' Lipiniella'' Shilova 1961 **''Lauterborniella'' Thienemann & Bause, 1913 **'' Microchironomus'' Kieffer, 1918 **'' Microtendipes'' Kieffer, 1915 **'' Nilothauma'' Kieffer, 1921 **'' Omisus'' Townes, 1945 **'' Pagastiella'' Brundin, 1949 **'' Para ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthocladiinae
Orthocladiinae is a subfamily of midges in the non-biting midge family (biology), family (Chironomidae). For lack of a better common name, they are simply referred to as orthoclads. Genera *''Aagaardia'' Ole A. Sæther, Sæther, 1985 *''Abiskomyia'' Frederick Wallace Edwards, Edwards, 1937 *''Acamptocladius'' Brundin, 1956 *''Acricotopus'' Jean-Jacques Kieffer, Kieffer, 1921 *''Antillocladius'' Ole A. Sæther, Sæther, 1981 *''Apometriocnemus'' Ole A. Sæther, Sæther, 1984 *''Austrobrillia'' Freeman, 1961 *''Baeoctenus'' Ole A. Sæther, Sæther, 1976 *''Boreosmittia'' Tuiskunen, 1986 *''Brillia'' Jean-Jacques Kieffer, Kieffer, 1913 *''Bryophaenocladius'' Thienemann, 1934 *''Camptocladius'' van der Wulp, 1874 *''Cardiocladius'' Jean-Jacques Kieffer, Kieffer, 1912 *''Chaetocladius'' Jean-Jacques Kieffer, Kieffer, 1911 *''Chasmatonotus'' *''Clunio'' Haliday, 1855 *''Compterosmittia'' *''Corynoneura'' Winnertz, 1846 *''Corynoneurella'' Brundin, 1949 *''Cricotopus'' van der Wulp, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prodiamesinae
Prodiamesinae is a subfamily of midges in the non-biting midge family (Chironomidae). Extant genera & species *Genus '' Compteromesa'' Saether, 1981 :*'' C. oconeensis'' Saether, 1981 *Genus '' Monodiamesa'' Kieffer, 1922 :*'' M. bathyphila'' (Kieffer, 1918) :*'' M. depectinata'' Saether, 1973 :*'' M. ekmani'' (Brundin, 1949) :*'' M. prolilobata'' Saether, 1973 :*'' M. tuberculata'' Saether, 1973 *Genus '' Odontomesa'' Pagast, 1947 :*'' O. ferringtoni'' Saether, 1985 :*'' O. fulva'' (Kieffer, 1919) :*'' O. lutosopra'' (Garrett, 1925) *Genus '' Prodiamesa'' Kieffer, 1906 :*'' P. cubita'' Garrett, 1925 :*'' P. olivacea'' ( Meigen, 1818) :*'' P. rufovittata'' Goetghebuer, 1932 Extinct genera * †'' Cretadiamesa'' Veltz et al, 2007 ** ''C. arieli'' (Lebanese amber, Barremian) * †'' Libanodiamesa'' Veltz et al, 2007 ** ''L. deploegi'' Veltz et al, 2007 (Lebanese amber, Barremian) ** ''L. simpsoni'' Baranov et al. 2018 (Wealden amber, Wessex Formation The Wessex Formation is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diamesinae
Diamesinae is a subfamily of midges in the non-biting midge family (Chironomidae). Tribes and genera *Tribe Boreoheptagyiini Brundin, 1966 **Genus ''Boreoheptagyia'' Brundin, 1966 **Genus '' Kaluginia'' ''Fossil'' *Tribe Diamesini Pagast, 1947 **Genus ''Arctodiamesa'' Makarchenko, 1983 **Genus ''Diamesa'' Meigen in Gistl, 1835 **Genus ''Lappodiamesa'' Serra-Tosio, 1968 **Genus ''Pagastia'' Oliver, 1959 **Genus ''Potthastia'' Kieffer, 1922 **Genus ''Pseudodiamesa'' Goetghebuer, 1939 **Genus ''Sympotthastia'' Pagast, 1947 **Genus '' Syndiamesa'' Kieffer, 1918 *Tribe Protanypini Brundin, 1956 **Genus ''Protanypus'' Kieffer, 1906 *†tribe Cretodiamesini Kalugina 1976 **Genus †'' Cretodiamesa'' Kalugina 1976 Taimyr amber, Russia, Santonian *†tribe Eugenodiamesini Lukashevich and Przhiboro 2015 **Genus †'' Eugenodiamesa'' Lukashevich and Przhiboro 2015 Tsagaantsav Formation The Tsagaantsav Formation, Tsagantsab Formation or Tsagan-Tsab Formation (Russian: Tsagaantsav Svita) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
