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Housing Market Renewal Initiative
The Housing Market Renewal Initiative (HMRI) or Housing Market Renewal (HMR) Pathfinders programme was a controversial Cole, Ian and Flint, John ''Addressing housing affordability, clearance and relocation issues in the Housing Market Renewal Pathfinders''; Joseph Rowntree Foundation 2007, scheme of demolition, refurbishment and new-building which ran in the UK between 2002 and 2011 and aimed "to renew failing housing markets in nine designated areas of the North and Midlands of England." Housing Market Renewal Pathfinders The programme was launched in 2002 by deputy prime minister John Prescott, with the coalition government led by David Cameron ending funding in March 2011. Supporters of the scheme claimed that it would " renew failing housing markets and reconnect them to regional markets", "improve neighbourhoods and" "encourage people to live and work in these areas." Opponents claimed that "Britain's heritage is being 'rapidly lost' by botched renovation and unnecessary dem ...
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John Prescott
John Leslie Prescott, Baron Prescott (born 31 May 1938) is a British politician who served as Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007 and as First Secretary of State from 2001 to 2007. A member of the Labour Party, he was Member of Parliament (MP) for Kingston upon Hull East for 40 years, from 1970 to 2010. He was seen as the political link to the working class in a Labour Party increasingly led by modernising, middle-class professionals such as Tony Blair and Peter Mandelson and developed a reputation as a key conciliator in the often stormy relationship between Blair and Gordon Brown. Born in Prestatyn, Wales, in his youth Prescott failed the eleven-plus entrance exam for grammar school and worked as a ship's steward and trade union activist. He went on to graduate from Ruskin College and the University of Hull. In the 1994 Labour Party leadership election, he stood for both the leadership and deputy leadership, winning election to the latter office ...
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Cumbria
Cumbria ( ) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in North West England, bordering Scotland. The county and Cumbria County Council, its local government, came into existence in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. Cumbria's county town is Carlisle, in the north of the county. Other major settlements include Barrow-in-Furness, Kendal, Whitehaven and Workington. The administrative county of Cumbria consists of six districts ( Allerdale, Barrow-in-Furness, Carlisle, Copeland, Eden and South Lakeland) and, in 2019, had a population of 500,012. Cumbria is one of the most sparsely populated counties in England, with 73.4 people per km2 (190/sq mi). On 1 April 2023, the administrative county of Cumbria will be abolished and replaced with two new unitary authorities: Westmorland and Furness (Barrow-in-Furness, Eden, South Lakeland) and Cumberland ( Allerdale, Carlisle, Copeland). Cumbria is the third largest ceremonial county in England by area. It i ...
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Anfield (suburb)
Anfield is a suburb of Liverpool, England, in the Liverpool City Council ward of Anfield. Historically in Lancashire, it is part of the Liverpool Walton Parliamentary constituency. The population of the Liverpool Ward at the time of the 2011 census was 14,510. The area has been home to the football club Liverpool F.C. ever since the club's founding in 1892. The club's home stadium, Anfield, has been located there since its founding in 1884. As of September 2019, it is ranked the 10th most deprived ward in the United Kingdom. Development In 1836, Walton lost its independence and was made part of Liverpool Borough Council. The Ordnance Survey map from 1851 shows a house here called Anfield House (then described as ''Annfield House''), around which the suburb developed. From 1863, the City Council developed the Priory Road Cemetery, to which later was added a crematorium. Transport Anfield has no passenger rail service, despite the Canada Dock Branch line running through it. The ...
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Everton, Liverpool
Everton is a district in Liverpool, in Merseyside, England, in the Liverpool City Council ward of Everton. It is part of the Liverpool Walton Parliamentary constituency. Historically in Lancashire, at the 2001 Census the population was recorded as 7,398, increasing to 14,782 at the 2011 Census. Toponymy The name Everton is derived from the Saxon word ''eofor'', meaning ''wild boar that lives in forests''. Description Everton is an inner-city area located just north of Liverpool city centre, with Vauxhall to the west, Kirkdale to the north, and Anfield to the north-east. The Liverpool entrance to the Kingsway Tunnel is located near the boundaries of this area. Everton consists generally of more modern terraced homes, and is statistically one of the most deprived areas of the city. History Everton is an ancient settlement and, like Liverpool, was one of the six unnamed berewicks of West Derby. Until the late 18th century Everton was a small rural parish of Walton-on-the-Hill ...
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Tuebrook
Tuebrook is a North-East area of Liverpool, England. At the 2001 census the population was 14,490. Toponymy The origin of the name may be Tew Brook, a tributary of the Alt. The brook itself is now almost entirely piped or culverted, with the last exposed section at the back of a disused cinema. Description Tuebrook includes Newsham Park, the Victorian, Grade I listed building St John's Church, Tuebrook Market and Tuebrook Police Station, which is now closed to the public although still in use by Merseyside Police. It is part of the Parliamentary Constituency of Liverpool West Derby. A unique characteristic of the main shopping street is that all shops are on one side of the street only. This is largely due to extensive demolition during upgrading of the main road. Tuebrook has two secondary schools nearby: West Derby School located on Mill Bank and St Francis of Assisi in Newsham Park. Government The area consistently elects Liberal Party Councillors to Liverpool City Cou ...
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Kensington, Liverpool
Kensington is an inner city area of Liverpool, England, immediately to the east of the city centre, bordered by Everton to the north, Fairfield to the east and Edge Hill to the south. The majority of Kensington is in the Kensington and Fairfield ward, while the westernmost part, Kensington Fields, is in the Central ward. At the 2001 Census, Kensington had a population of 12,740. Description The area is occupied largely by Victorian terraced houses. A number of local shops, including newsagents and convenience stores as well as some supermarkets exist along Kensington, Prescot Road and Edge Lane, the area's three main roads. Many shop fronts have been refurbished by the Government's New Deal for Communities programme. The area boasts a number of traditional Liverpool pubs. Kensington is also home to the historic Deane Road Jewish Cemetery, which was awarded £494,000 in 2010 by the Heritage Lottery Fund to aid restoration. Due to its close proximity to the Knowledge Qua ...
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Dingle
Dingle (Irish language, Irish: ''An Daingean'' or ''Daingean Uí Chúis'', meaning "fort of Ó Cúis") is a town in County Kerry, Republic of Ireland, Ireland. The only town on the Dingle Peninsula, it sits on the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic coast, about southwest of Tralee and northwest of Killarney. Principal industries in the town are tourism, fishing and agriculture: Dingle Mart (livestock market) serves the surrounding countryside. In 2016 Dingle had a population of 2,050 with 13.7% of the population speaking Irish on a daily basis outside the education system. Dingle is situated in a ''Gaeltacht'' region. An adult Bottlenose dolphin named Fungie had been courting human contact in Dingle Bay since 1983 but disappeared in 2020. History A large number of Ogham stones were set up in an enclosure in the 4th and 5th centuries AD at Ballintaggart Ogham Stones, Ballintaggart. The town developed as a port following the Norman invasion of Ireland. By the thirteenth century, more g ...
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Granby Four Streets
The Granby Four Streets is an area in Toxteth, Liverpool, England, comprising four streets at the tip of a triangle near the Grade II* listed Princes Park. The streets, designed by Welsh architect Richard Owens and built by Welsh workers during the late 19th century are Beaconsfield Street, Cairns Street, Jermyn Street and Ducie Street. A fifth street, Granby Street, connects the four streets together and mostly contains commercial units. The Granby Streets area is among the oldest multicultural neighbourhoods in the country, due to immigration following Britain's post-war period. During the 1960s, the area was designated a "twilight area", resulting in many residents moving out and properties being taken over by landlords with little interest in maintaining the houses. Housing charity Shelter worked in the area during the 1970s, investing money into refurbishing houses in what was one of the earliest examples of community neighbourhood regeneration. Following the 1981 Toxtet ...
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Welsh Streets, Liverpool
The Welsh Streets are a group of late 19th century Victorian terraced streets in Toxteth, Liverpool, England. The houses were designed by Richard Owens and built by Welsh workers to house migrants from Wales seeking work; the streets were named after Welsh villages and landmarks. The Beatles drummer Ringo Starr was born in Madryn Street, before moving at age 4. Although some houses were lost in World War II bombing and rebuilt, albeit in a different architectural style, many of the terraced properties in the original street configuration remain in the present day. Following a period of decline in the late 20th century, plans were announced in the early 2000s as part of the Housing Market Renewal Initiative programme to demolish the estate and build new, but fewer, houses in their place. Despite the area being cleared of residents and houses prepared for demolition at a cost to Liverpool City Council of nearly £22 million, funding was withdrawn in 2011 following the change ...
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Save Britain's Heritage
Save Britain's Heritage (styled as ''SAVE Britain's Heritage'') is a British charity, created in 1975 by a group of journalists, historians, architects, and planners to campaign publicly for endangered historic buildings. It is also active on the broader issues of preservation policy. ''SAVE Britain's Heritage'' is a registered charity governed by a board of trustees. Through press releases, leaflets, reports, books, and exhibitions, ''SAVE Britain's Heritage'' champions the cause of decaying country houses, redundant churches and chapels, disused mills and warehouses, cottages and town halls, railway stations, hospitals, military buildings, and asylums. ''SAVE Britain's Heritage'' was the first organization to campaign for the introduction of the Thirty-Year Rule, which now makes outstanding post-war buildings in England and Wales eligible for listing. Goals ''SAVE Britain's Heritage'' fights to protect British historic buildings from demolition or careless alteration. SAVE rec ...
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Centre For Urban And Regional Studies
Center or centre may refer to: Mathematics * Center (geometry), the middle of an object * Center (algebra), used in various contexts ** Center (group theory) ** Center (ring theory) * Graph center, the set of all vertices of minimum eccentricity Places United States * Centre, Alabama * Center, Colorado * Center, Georgia * Center, Indiana * Center, Jay County, Indiana * Center, Warrick County, Indiana * Center, Kentucky * Center, Missouri * Center, Nebraska * Center, North Dakota * Centre County, Pennsylvania * Center, Portland, Oregon * Center, Texas * Center, Washington * Center, Outagamie County, Wisconsin * Center, Rock County, Wisconsin **Center (community), Wisconsin *Center Township (other) *Centre Township (other) *Centre Avenue (other) *Center Hill (other) Other countries * Centre region, Hainaut, Belgium * Centre Region, Burkina Faso * Centre Region (Cameroon) * Centre-Val de Loire, formerly Centre, France * Centre (department ...
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Wealth Effect
The wealth effect is the change in spending that accompanies a change in perceived wealth. Usually the wealth effect is positive: spending changes in the same direction as perceived wealth. Effect on individuals Changes in a consumer's wealth cause changes in the amounts and distribution of his or her consumption. People typically spend more overall when one of two things is true: when people ''actually are'' richer, objectively, or when people ''perceive themselves'' to be richer—for example, the assessed value of their home increases, or a stock they own goes up in price. Demand for some goods (called inferior goods) decreases with increasing wealth. For example, consider consumption of cheap fast food versus steak. As someone becomes wealthier, their demand for cheap fast food is likely to decrease, and their demand for more expensive steak may increase. Consumption may be tied to relative wealth. Particularly when supply is highly inelastic, or when the seller is a monopo ...
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