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Hornnes (village)
Hornnes is a village area in Evje og Hornnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located within the urban area of Evje, along the river Otra and the Norwegian National Road 9. The village was once separate from Evje, but over the years they have grown together. The Hornnes Church is located on the south end of the village near the lake Breidflå (part of the river Otra). History The village of Hornnes was the administrative centre of the old municipalities of Hornnes og Iveland (1838-1886) and of Hornnes (1886-1960). The village grew up on the west shore of the river Otra, at the confluence with the river Dåselva. The village of Evje grew up on the opposite side of the river, about to the northeast and it was the administrative centre of a separate municipality: Evje. Today, they are part of the same municipality and the villages have grown together. Name The village of Hornnes is named after an old ''Hornnes'' farm (Old Norse: ''Hornnes''), since the first Horn ...
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Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of Norway. Bouvet Island, located in the Subantarctic, is a dependency of Norway; it also lays claims to the Antarctic territories of Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land. The capital and largest city in Norway is Oslo. Norway has a total area of and had a population of 5,425,270 in January 2022. The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden at a length of . It is bordered by Finland and Russia to the northeast and the Skagerrak strait to the south, on the other side of which are Denmark and the United Kingdom. Norway has an extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea. The maritime influence dominates Norway's climate, with mild lowland temperatures on the se ...
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Norwegian National Road 9
Norwegian National Road 9 ( no, Riksvei 9, ) is often called the ''Setesdal Road'' ( no, Setesdalsveien) and it is the main thoroughfare through the Setesdalen valley. It runs from the city of Kristiansand in the southern coast of Norway, through the Torridal and Setesdal valleys in Agder county to Haukeligrend in Vestfold og Telemark county in the north where it meets the European route E134 highway. The highway goes through the villages of Mosby, Homstean, Skarpengland, Hægeland, Hornesund, Hornnes, Evje, Byglandsfjord, Bygland, Ose, Rysstad, Valle, Flatland, Rygnestad, Bykle, Hovden, Bjåen, and Haukeli. The highway is long, with in Agder county, and in Vestfold og Telemark county. The highway connects to the European route E18 and European route E39 highways in the city of Kristiansand. At the other end of the highway, it connects to the European route E134 highway in Haukeli. History Historically, parts of the road had an alternate way of traveling before this ...
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Headland
A headland, also known as a head, is a coastal landform, a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water. It is a type of promontory. A headland of considerable size often is called a cape.Whittow, John (1984). ''Dictionary of Physical Geography''. London: Penguin, 1984, pp. 80, 246. . Headlands are characterised by high, breaking waves, rocky shores, intense erosion, and steep sea cliff. Headlands and bays are often found on the same coastline. A bay is flanked by land on three sides, whereas a headland is flanked by water on three sides. Headlands and bays form on discordant coastlines, where bands of rock of alternating resistance run perpendicular to the coast. Bays form when weak (less resistant) rocks (such as sands and clays) are eroded, leaving bands of stronger (more resistant) rocks (such as chalk, limestone, and granite) forming a headland, or peninsula. Through the deposition of sediment within the bay and the erosion of the ...
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Horn (anatomy)
A horn is a permanent pointed projection on the head of various animals that consists of a covering of keratin and other proteins surrounding a core of live bone. Horns are distinct from antlers, which are not permanent. In mammals, true horns are found mainly among the ruminant artiodactyls, in the families Antilocapridae (pronghorn) and Bovidae (cattle, goats, antelope etc.). Cattle horns arise from subcutaneous connective tissue (under the scalp) and later fuse to the underlying frontal bone. One pair of horns is usual; however, two or more pairs occur in a few wild species and in some domesticated breeds of sheep. Polycerate (multi-horned) sheep breeds include the Hebridean, Icelandic, Jacob, Manx Loaghtan, and the Navajo-Churro. Horns usually have a curved or spiral shape, often with ridges or fluting. In many species, only males have horns. Horns start to grow soon after birth and continue to grow throughout the life of the animal (except in pronghorns, which shed the ...
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Old Norse
Old Norse, Old Nordic, or Old Scandinavian, is a stage of development of North Germanic languages, North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and their Viking expansion, overseas settlements and chronologically coincides with the Viking Age, the Christianization of Scandinavia and the consolidation of Scandinavian kingdoms from about the 7th to the 15th centuries. The Proto-Norse language developed into Old Norse by the 8th century, and Old Norse began to develop into the modern North Germanic languages in the mid-to-late 14th century, ending the language phase known as Old Norse. These dates, however, are not absolute, since written Old Norse is found well into the 15th century. Old Norse was divided into three dialects: Old West Norse, ''Old West Norse'' or ''Old West Nordic'' (often referred to as ''Old Norse''), Old East Norse, ''Old East Norse'' or ''Old East Nordic'', and ''Ol ...
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Evje
Evje is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1877 until 1960. It was located in what is now the eastern part of the present-day municipality of Evje og Hornnes in the Setesdal valley of Agder county. The administrative centre was the village of Evje where the Evje Church is located. The lake Høvringsvatnet is located about northeast of the village. History The municipality of Evje was created on 1 January 1877 when the old municipality of Evje og Vegusdal was divided into Evje (population: 870) and Vegusdal (population: 935). During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1960, Evje (population: 1,646) was merged with the neighboring municipality of Hornnes (population: 1,280) to form the new municipality of Evje og Hornnes. Name The municipality (originally the parish) of Evje is named after an old ''Evje'' farm ( non, Efja), since the first churc ...
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Confluence
In geography, a confluence (also: ''conflux'') occurs where two or more flowing bodies of water join to form a single channel. A confluence can occur in several configurations: at the point where a tributary joins a larger river (main stem); or where two streams meet to become the source of a river of a new name (such as the confluence of the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers at Pittsburgh, forming the Ohio); or where two separated channels of a river (forming a river island) rejoin at the downstream end. Scientific study of confluences Confluences are studied in a variety of sciences. Hydrology studies the characteristic flow patterns of confluences and how they give rise to patterns of erosion, bars, and scour pools. The water flows and their consequences are often studied with mathematical models. Confluences are relevant to the distribution of living organisms (i.e., ecology) as well; "the general pattern ownstream of confluencesof increasing stream flow and decreasing s ...
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Hornnes
Hornnes is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. Hornnes was located in what is now the present-day municipality of Evje og Hornnes in the traditional district of Setesdal in Agder county. The municipality of Hornnes existed from 1886 until 1960. The administrative centre was the village of Hornnes where the Hornnes Church is located. History The municipality of Hornnes was created on 1 January 1886 when the old municipality of Hornnes og Iveland was divided into two separate municipalities: Hornnes (population: 1,113) and Iveland (population: 1,103). During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1960, Hornnes was merged with the neighboring municipality of Evje to form a new municipality called Evje og Hornnes (literally "Evje and Hornnes"). Prior to the merger Hornnes had a population of 1,280. Name The municipality (originally the parish) of Hornnes is named after an old ' ...
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Hornnes Og Iveland
Hornnes og Iveland is a former municipality in the old Nedenæs county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1886. It included all of the present-day municipality of Iveland and the western half of the present-day municipality of Evje og Hornnes in the Setesdal region of Agder county. The administrative centre was the village of Hornnes where the Hornnes Church is located. The other church in the municipality was the Iveland Church in the village of Birketveit. History The parish of ''Hordnæs og Iveland'' was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). According to the 1835 census, the municipality had a population of 1,848. On 1 January 1886, Hornnes og Iveland was divided to create two separate municipalities: Hornnes (population: 1,113) and Iveland (population: 1,103). The municipality of Iveland still exists today, while Hornnes currently a part of the municipality of Evje og Hornnes. ...
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Administrative Centre
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located. In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland and many African countries), a (, plural form , literally 'chief place' or 'main place'), is a town or city that is important from an administrative perspective. Algeria The capital of an Algerian province is called a chef-lieu. The capital of a district, the next largest division, is also called a chef-lieu, whilst the capital of the lowest division, the municipalities, is called agglomération de chef-lieu (chef-lieu agglomeration) and is abbreviated as A.C.L. Belgium The chef-lieu in Belgium is the administrative centre of each of the ten provinces of Belgium. Three of these cities also give their name to their province ( Antwerp, Liège and Namur). France The chef-lieu of a département is known as the ''pr ...
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Hornnes Church
Hornnes Church ( no, Hornnes kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Evje og Hornnes Municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the village of Hornnes. It is one of the churches for the Evje og Hornnes parish which is part of the Otredal prosti ( deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a octagonal design in 1828 by Leg Askildsen Hallingskaar, a builder from Laudal who was using plans drawn up by the architect Lars Larsen Forsæth (based on the same plans for Klæbu Church). The church seats about 300 people. The church has changed little since the time of construction. The interior is symmetrical with the pulpit in the central axis in front of the altar, following the model of the Christiansborg Castle Church in Copenhagen. History The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1328, but the old stave church may have been built between the years 1150 and 1200. That church wa ...
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Otra
The Otra is the largest river in the Sørlandet region of Norway. It begins in Setesdalsheiene mountains at the lake Breidvatnet in Bykle municipality in Agder county, just south of the border with Vinje municipality in Vestfold og Telemark county. The river then flows south through Bykle, Valle, Bygland, Evje og Hornnes, Iveland, Vennesla, and Kristiansand municipalities. The river empties into the Skagerrak in the center of the city of Kristiansand on the southern coast of Norway. The Otra is long, making it Norway's eighth-longest river. There are many large lakes along the river including: Åraksfjorden, Byglandsfjorden, Hartevatnet, and Kilefjorden. There are 12 hydroelectric power plants built along the river, which produce much of the electricity for the southern part of Norway. The salmon do well in the Otra river because the water is not too acidic. The calcareous rocks in the catchment area at the northern end of the Setesdal valley give the water a certain buffer cap ...
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