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Highcliff
Highcliff is a luxury apartment on a south slope of Happy Valley on the Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong. The 75- storey building's construction (70 floors of which are liveable space) began in 2000 and was completed in 2003 under a design by DLN Architects & Engineers. It was the Silver Winner of the 2003 Emporis Skyscraper Award, coming in second to 30 St Mary Axe in London. The tower is the tallest "all"-residential building in Hong Kong island. Highcliff is thin for such a tall building; it has a slenderness ratio of 1:20 thus being one of the thinnest buildings in the world. Therefore, a passive wind damper was fitted to the top, the first of its kind for a residential building. This was installed because typhoon A typhoon is a mature tropical cyclone that develops between 180° and 100°E in the Northern Hemisphere. This region is referred to as the Northwestern Pacific Basin, and is the most active tropical cyclone basin on Earth, accounting for a ...s appr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Summit (Hong Kong)
The Summit () is a residential skyscraper located in upper Mid-Levels, Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delta i .... It is one of the tallest residential buildings in the city, standing at tall, with 65 storeys. Construction of the building began in 1999 and it opened in 2001. Highcliff, another tall skyscraper, stands right next to this building. Due to the visual effect of its proximity to Highcliff, another very thin and tall building, the two together are often referred to as "The Chopsticks". These two buildings highlight the characters of pencil-thin towers that are highly concentrated in Hong Kong. See also * List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong References External links Residential buildings completed in 2001 Residential skyscrapers in Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Tallest Buildings In Hong Kong
Hong Kong has over 9,000 high-rise buildings, of which over 4,000 are skyscrapers standing taller than with 517 buildings above . The tallest building in Hong Kong is the 108-storey International Commerce Centre, which stands and is the 12th tallest building in the world. The total built-up height (combined heights) of these skyscrapers is approximately , making Hong Kong the world's tallest urban agglomeration. Furthermore, reflective of the city's high population densities, Hong Kong has more inhabitants living at the 15th floor or higher, and more buildings of at least and height, than any other city in the world. Most of Hong Kong's buildings are concentrated on the northern shore of Hong Kong Island, Kowloon, and the new towns (satellite towns) of the New Territories, such as Tsuen Wan and Sha Tin. Additional high-rises are located along Hong Kong Island's southern shoreline and areas near the stations of the Mass Transit Railway (MTR). The skyline of Hong Kong ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pencil-thin Tower
A pencil tower (also known as a skinny skyscraper, pencil-thin tower, super-slender tower, or super-slim tower) is a high-rise building or skyscraper with a very high slenderness ratio that is very tall and thin. There is no universal definition of how slender these buildings are to be categorised, but some definitions of 10:1 or 12:1 ratios and higher have been used. Hong Kong started developing pencil towers in the 1970s. Residential buildings of twenty or more storeys with one unit per floor were built over small lots. It has become one of the most common types of buildings in the city, making Hong Kong the world's highest concentration of pencil towers. Hong Kong's most notable towers are the 72-storey Highcliff tower, which has a slenderness ratio of 20:1, and its neighbour, The Summit, a 65-storey residential building. In the 2010s, pencil towers became a new phenomenon of building design in New York City. The newer pencil towers on Manhattan's " Billionaires' Row" (a thi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Happy Valley, Hong Kong
Happy Valley () is an upper-income residential area in Hong Kong, located on Hong Kong Island. The area is bordered by Caroline Hill to the east, Jardine's Lookout to the south, Morrison Hill to the west, and Causeway Bay to the north. Administratively, it is part of Wan Chai District. Happy Valley is considered as an area surrounded by Caroline Hill Road to the east, Tai Hang Road and Stubbs Road to the south, Canal Road Flyover and westbound section of Wong Nai Chung Road to the west, and Leighton Road to the north. The area is home to the Happy Valley Racecourse, Hong Kong Racing Museum, Hong Kong Jockey Club Happy Valley Clubhouse, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong Adventist Hospital – Stubbs Road, home to a number of sports clubs including Valley RFC rugby club, Craigengower Cricket Club, Hong Kong FC football club, and a number of cemeteries including the Hong Kong Cemetery. History The area now known as Happy Valley was formerly known as Wong Nai Chung ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emporis Skyscraper Award
The Emporis Skyscraper Award was an award for architectural excellence regarding the design of buildings and their functionality. The award was presented annually by Emporis, a real estate data mining company with headquarters in Hamburg, Germany. The award is given to the building representing the "Best new skyscraper for design and functionality". To qualify, nominated buildings must have been completed during the year of the award, and must be at least 100 meters in height. Nominees and winners were chosen by Emporis editors, and the award would have been announced the following January and is usually presented at the following spring or summer. Prior to 2000, the award was known as the Skyscrapers.com Award. Winners of the Emporis Skyscraper Award See also *Emporis *List of architecture prizes This list of architecture awards is an index to articles about notable awards for architecture. It includes global awards, international regional awards, international and nati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slenderness Ratio
In architecture, the slenderness ratio, or simply slenderness, is an aspect ratio, the quotient between the height and the width of a building. In structural engineering, slenderness is used to calculate the propensity of a column to buckle. It is defined as l/k where l is the effective length of the column and k is the least radius of gyration, the latter defined by k^2=I/A where A is the area of the cross-section of the column and I is the second moment of area of the cross-section. The effective length is calculated from the actual length of the member considering the rotational and relative translational boundary conditions at the ends. Slenderness captures the influence on buckling of all the geometric aspects of the column, namely its length, area, and second moment of area. The influence of the material is represented separately by the material's modulus of elasticity E. Structural engineers generally consider a skyscraper as slender if the height:width ratio exceeds 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slenderness Ratio
In architecture, the slenderness ratio, or simply slenderness, is an aspect ratio, the quotient between the height and the width of a building. In structural engineering, slenderness is used to calculate the propensity of a column to buckle. It is defined as l/k where l is the effective length of the column and k is the least radius of gyration, the latter defined by k^2=I/A where A is the area of the cross-section of the column and I is the second moment of area of the cross-section. The effective length is calculated from the actual length of the member considering the rotational and relative translational boundary conditions at the ends. Slenderness captures the influence on buckling of all the geometric aspects of the column, namely its length, area, and second moment of area. The influence of the material is represented separately by the material's modulus of elasticity E. Structural engineers generally consider a skyscraper as slender if the height:width ratio exceeds 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magnusson Klemencic Associates
Magnusson Klemencic Associates is an American structural and civil engineering consulting firm with its headquarters in Seattle, Washington. The company has completed projects worth more than $99 billion in 48 states and 54 countries. Significant MKA projects through its history include the World Trade Center, the Columbia Center, Aqua, the Doha Convention Center Tower, the Olympic Sculpture Park, and Salesforce Tower. History Magnusson Klemencic Associates was founded in 1920 as the W.H. Witt Company in Seattle. In 1929, Witt died in a railroad crossing accident and the company passed to partners Harold Worthington and George Runciman (who was referred to as "a leading structural engineer in Seattle"). During this time the firm designed several notable Seattle buildings, including the Joseph Vance Building and the 1223 Spring Apartment Building. After the end of World War II the building industry in the United States picked up and the firm grew in size. In 1955 the firm was rena ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Residential Buildings Completed In 2003
A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas. Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residential, or mobile homes. Zoning for residential use may permit some services or work opportunities or may totally exclude business and industry. It may permit high density land use or only permit low density uses. Residential zoning usually includes a smaller FAR (floor area ratio) than business, commercial or industrial/manufacturing zoning. The area may be large or small. Overview In certain residential areas, especially rural, large tracts of land may have no services whatever, such that residents seeking services must use a motor vehicle or other transportation, so the need for transportation has resulted in land development following existing or planned transport infrastructure such as rail and road. Development patterns may be regu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Private Housing Estates In Hong Kong
Private housing estate is a term used in Hong Kong for private mass housing – a housing estate developed by a private developer, as opposed to a public housing estate built by the Hong Kong Housing Authority or the Hong Kong Housing Society. It usually is characterised with a cluster of high-rise buildings, with its own market or shopping mall. Mei Foo Sun Chuen, built by Mobil, is the earliest (1965) and largest by number of blocks (99). Early real estate development in Hong Kong followed the urban street pattern: single blocks are packed along streets and most of them are managed independently, with quality varying from block to block. Private housing estates on the other hand provide integrated management throughout whole estate, attracting more affluent residents. Mei Foo Sun Chuen, Taikoo Shing, Whampoa Garden and City One Shatin are early notable examples. More projects followed and the idea became widely accepted as the middle class of Hong Kong emerged. Trends ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landmarks In Hong Kong
A landmark is a recognizable natural or artificial feature used for navigation, a feature that stands out from its near environment and is often visible from long distances. In modern use, the term can also be applied to smaller structures or features, that have become local or national symbols. Etymology In old English the word ''landmearc'' (from ''land'' + ''mearc'' (mark)) was used to describe a boundary marker, an "object set up to mark the boundaries of a kingdom, estate, etc.". Starting from approx. 1560, this understanding of landmark was replaced by a more general one. A landmark became a "conspicuous object in a landscape". A ''landmark'' literally meant a geographic feature used by explorers and others to find their way back or through an area. For example, the Table Mountain near Cape Town, South Africa is used as the landmark to help sailors to navigate around southern tip of Africa during the Age of Exploration. Artificial structures are also sometimes built to a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Madrid , coordinates = , largest_city = Madrid , languages_type = Official language , languages = Spanish language, Spanish , ethnic_groups = , ethnic_groups_year = , ethnic_groups_ref = , religion = , religion_ref = , religion_year = 2020 , demonym = , government_type = Unitary state, Unitary Parliamentary system, parliamentary constitutional monarchy , leader_title1 = Monarchy of Spain, Monarch , leader_name1 = Felipe VI , leader_title2 = Prime Minister of Spain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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