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Heunisch
Gouais blanc () or Weißer Heunisch () is a white grape variety that is seldom grown today but is important as the ancestor of many traditional French and German grape varieties. The name ''Gouais'' derives from the old French adjective ‘gou’, a term of derision befitting its traditional status as the grape of the peasants. Likewise, the German name Weißer Heunisch labels it as one of the lesser " Hunnic" grapes. History Gouais is known to have been widely planted in central and northeastern France in Medieval times. At that time, it was used to produce simple, acidic, white wines, and was primarily grown in unfavourable plots less well-suited for the more highly regarded Pinot noir or Pinot gris. Gouais Blanc was thus the grape of the peasantry rather than of the nobility. Its history before Medieval times is not known with any certainty, but is the subject of much conjecture, similar to many other grape varieties with a long history. Gouais blanc has been proposed a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grape Variety
This list of grape varieties includes cultivated grapes, whether used for wine, or eating as a table grape, fresh or dried (raisin, currant, sultana). For a complete list of all grape species including those unimportant to agriculture, see Vitis. The term ''grape variety'' refers to cultivars rather than actual botanical varieties according to the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, because they are propagated by cuttings and may have unstable reproductive properties. However, the term ''variety'' has become so entrenched in viticulture that any change to using the term ''cultivar'' instead is unlikely. Single species grapes While some of the grapes in this list are hybrids, they are hybridized within a single species. For those grapes hybridized across species, known as interspecific hybrids, see the section on multispecies hybrid grapes below. ''Vitis vinifera'' (wine) Red grapes White grapes Rose Grapes ''Vitis vinifera'' (table) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frankish And Hunnic Grape Varieties
A division of grape varieties into Frankish and Hunnic grape varieties was practiced in German-speaking countries in the Middle Ages and separated varieties considered to be better from those considered to be lesser. Frankish (''fränkisch'') grapes were considered noble grapes, and the designation derived from the Franks, as popular belief held that those were grapes introduced by Charlemagne or at least through his edicts.Wein-Plus Glossar: Fränkisch accessed on January 23, 2013 Hunnic (''hunnisch'' or ''heunisch'') grapes, on the other hand, were the simpler varieties. accessed on January 23, 2013 It is unclear whether it was actually believed that these varieti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blaufränkisch
Blaufränkisch (German for ''blue Frankish'') is a dark-skinned variety of grape used for red wine. and California, DNA profiling has shown that Blaufränkisch is a cross between Gouais blanc (Weißer Heunisch; male parent) and Blaue Zimmettraube (female parent; the offspring of Blauer Gänsfüsser). Historical sources of grapevine classification have provided very solid evidence that the geographic area of origin of the variety is Lower Styria (today Slovenian Styria). For a long time before the application of DNA analysis, Blaufränkisch was erroneously thought to be a clone of the Gamay grape variety, due to certain similarities in morphology and possibly due to its name ''Gamé'' in Bulgaria. The German name Lemberger derives from the fact that it was imported to Germany in the 19th century from Lemberg in Lower Styria in present-day Slovenia and then in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. An 1877 export of ''Lembergerreben'' to Germany has been recorded. The almost identical na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beaunoir
Beaunoir is a traditional French variety of red wine grape that is a sibling of Chardonnay. The 'beautiful black' grape produces a thin wine and not much is grown these days. History DNA fingerprinting has shown that it is one of many grapes to be the result of a cross between Gouais blanc (Heunisch) and Pinot, making it a full sibling of famous varieties such as Chardonnay and Aligoté. Gouais blanc was widely grown by the French peasantry in the Medieval ages. This offered many opportunities for hybridisation, and the offspring benefited from hybrid vigour as the parents were genetically quite different. Other Gouais blanc/Pinot crosses include Aubin vert, Auxerrois, Bachet noir, Franc Noir de la-Haute-Saône, Gamay Blanc Gloriod, Gamay noir, Melon, Knipperlé, Peurion, Romorantin, Roublot, and Sacy Viticulture Beaunoir is quite vigorous, producing small compact bunches of small grapes. Wine regions Like Bachet noir, Beaunoir has almost disappeared from its home in Châtill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bachet Noir
Bachet noir is a traditional French variety of red wine grape that is a sibling of Chardonnay. A little is still grown in the Aube, where it is used to add colour and body to Gamay wines. History DNA fingerprinting has shown that it is one of many grapes to be the result of a cross between Gouais blanc (Heunisch) and Pinot noir, making it a sibling of famous varieties such as Chardonnay and Aligoté. Gouais blanc was widely grown by the French peasantry in the Medieval ages. This offered many opportunities for hybridization, and the offspring benefited from hybrid vigour as the parents were genetically quite different. The fact that it is now only found in the Aube, and is descended from grapes that have been grown locally for hundreds of years, suggests that it originated to the north of Burgundy. Other Gouais blanc/Pinot crosses include Aubin vert, Auxerrois, Beaunoir, Franc Noir de la-Haute-Saône, Gamay Blanc Gloriod, Gamay noir, Melon, Knipperlé, Peurion, Romorantin, Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chardonnay
Chardonnay (, , ) is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine. The variety originated in the Burgundy wine region of eastern French wine, France, but is now grown wherever wine is produced, from English wine, England to New Zealand wine, New Zealand. For new and developing wine regions, growing Chardonnay is seen as a 'rite of passage' and an easy entry into the international wine market. The Chardonnay grape itself is neutral, with many of the flavors commonly associated with the wine being derived from such influences as ''terroir'' and oak (wine), oak.Robinson, 2006, pp. 154–56. It is vinified in many different styles, from the lean, crisply mineral wines of Chablis, France, to New World wines with oak and tropical fruit flavors. In cool climates (such as Chablis and the Carneros AVA of California (wine), California), Chardonnay wine tends to be medium to light body with noticeable acidity (wine), acidity and flavors of green plum, apple, and pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jura Wine
Jura may refer to: Places *Jura, Scotland, island of the Inner Hebrides off Great Britain *Jūra, river in Lithuania Mountain ranges * Jura Mountains, on the French–Swiss–German border *Franconian Jura, south-central Germany * Swabian Jura, south-western Germany *Montes Jura, on the Moon near Mare Imbrium Regions *Jura (department), France *Canton of Jura, Switzerland *Bernese Jura, part of the Swiss canton of Bern *Polish Jura, an upland of southern Poland Villages * Jura, Ontario, Canada * Jura, Transnistria, Moldova * Al-Jura, Mandatory Palestine *Al-Jura, Jerusalem, Mandatory Palestine Companies and organisations *Jura Books, anarchist bookshop in Sydney, Australia *Jura distillery, Scotch whisky distillery on the island of Jura *Jura Elektroapparate, Swiss developer and distributor of home appliances *Jura Federation, the anarchist, Bakuninist faction of the 19th century First International Ships * ''Jura'' (ship, 1854), steamship on Lake Neuchâtel, Switzerland, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aubin Vert
Aubin vert is a white French wine grape variety that is grown in the Lorraine region where it is an authorized variety for the ''Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée'' (AOC) wines of the Moselle. While often confused for the Côtes de Toul grape Aubin blanc, DNA analysis in 1999 showed that Aubin vert was the result of a crossing of Gouais blanc with Pinot (an ancestor vine to Pinot noir). This makes the grape a half-sibling to Aubin blanc (a cross of Gouais blanc and the Jura wine grape Savagnin) but full sibling to Chardonnay, Aligoté, Gamay and Melon de Bourgogne.J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes – A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pgs 64–65, Allen Lane 2012 History Ampelographers believe that first recorded mention of Aubin vert was in 1722 when a variety known as ''Aubins'' was recorded growing in the Moselle region by a document from the parliament of Metz. The plural usage of Aubins suggest that Aubin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aligoté
Aligoté is a white grape used to make dry white wines, especially in the Burgundy region of France where it was first recorded in the 18th century.winepros.com.au. Since it is tolerant to cold, this variety is also cultivated in Eastern European countries. In 2004, it was the 22nd most planted vine variety in the world at 45,000 hectares (110,000 acres). Description Aligoté is used to produce a varietal white wine, and is sometimes included in the blend of Burgundian sparkling wine known as Crémant de Bourgogne. In the varietal appellation Bourgogne Aligoté AOC, up to 15% Chardonnay grapes may be blended in. Traditionally, the cocktail '' kir'' (also known as ''vin blanc cassis'' in French) is made by adding cassis to an Aligoté wine. In blends, Aligoté adds acidity and structure to other varieties. It is often blended with Sacy for this purpose.J. Robinson ''Vines, Grapes & Wines'' pg 232 Mitchell Beazley 1986 The grape ripens early with moderate yields and produces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heterosis
Heterosis, hybrid vigor, or outbreeding enhancement is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. An offspring is heterotic if its traits are enhanced as a result of mixing the genetic contributions of its parents. These effects can be due to Mendelian or non-Mendelian inheritance. Definitions In proposing the term heterosis to replace the older term heterozygosis, G.H. Shull aimed to avoid limiting the term to the effects that can be explained by heterozygosity in Mendelian inheritance. Heterosis is often discussed as the opposite of inbreeding depression, although differences in these two concepts can be seen in evolutionary considerations such as the role of genetic variation or the effects of genetic drift in small populations on these concepts. Inbreeding depression occurs when related parents have children with traits that negatively influence their fitness largely due to homozygosity. In such instances, outcrossing shoul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of California, Davis
The University of California, Davis (UC Davis, UCD, or Davis) is a public land-grant research university near Davis, California. Named a Public Ivy, it is the northernmost of the ten campuses of the University of California system. The institution was first founded as an agricultural branch of the system in 1905 and became the seventh campus of the University of California in 1959. The university is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". The UC Davis faculty includes 23 members of the National Academy of Sciences, 30 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 17 members of the American Law Institute, 14 members of the Institute of Medicine, and 14 members of the National Academy of Engineering. Among other honors that university faculty, alumni, and researchers have won are two Nobel Prizes, one Fields Medal, a Presidential Medal of Freedom, three Pulitzer Prizes, three MacArthur Fellowships, and a National Medal of Scien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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