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Heracleum Sphondylium
''Heracleum sphondylium'', commonly known as hogweed, common hogweed or cow parsnip, is a herbaceous perennial or biennial plant, in the umbelliferous family Apiaceae that includes fennel, cow parsley, ground elder and Heracleum mantegazzianum, giant hogweed. It is native to Europe and Asia. The common name eltrot may also be applied, but is not specific to this species. Umbelliferous plants are so named because of the umbrella-like arrangement of flowers they produce. The North American species ''Heracleum maximum'' (also called "cow parsnip") is sometimes included as a subspecies of ''H. sphondylium''. The plant provides a great deal of nectar for pollinators. It was rated in the top 10 for most nectar production (nectar per unit cover per year) in a UK plants survey conducted by the AgriLand project which is supported by the UK Insect Pollinators Initiative. Etymology The species name ''sphondylium'', meaning "vertebrate", refers to the shape of the segmented stem. It was desc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. He is known as the "father of modern taxonomy". Many of his writings were in Latin; his name is rendered in Latin as and, after his 1761 ennoblement, as . Linnaeus was born in Råshult, the countryside of Småland, in southern Sweden. He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began giving lectures in botany there in 1730. He lived abroad between 1735 and 1738, where he studied and also published the first edition of his ' in the Netherlands. He then returned to Sweden where he became professor of medicine and botany at Uppsala. In the 1740s, he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals. In the 1750s and 1760s, he continued to collect an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polycarpic
Polycarpic plants are those that flower and set seeds many times before dying. A term of identical meaning is pleonanthic and iteroparous. Polycarpic plants are able to reproduce multiple times due to at least some portion of its meristems being able to maintain a vegetative state in some fashion so that it may reproduce again. This type of reproduction seems to be best suited for plants who have a fair amount of security in their environment as they do continuously reproduce. Generally, in reference to life-history theory, plants will sacrifice their ability in one regard to improve themselves in another regard, so for polycarpic plants that may strive towards continued reproduction, they might focus less on their growth. However, these aspects may not necessarily be directly correlated and some plants, notably invasive species, do not follow this general trend and actually show a fairly long lifespan with frequent reproduction. To an extent, there does seem to be an importance of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heracleum Lanatum
''Heracleum maximum'', commonly known as cow parsnip, is the only member of the genus '' Heracleum'' native to North America. It is also known as American cow-parsnip, Satan celery, Indian celery, Indian rhubarb or pushki. Description Cow parsnip is a tall herbaceous perennial plant, reaching heights of . The stems are hollow and densely hairy. The leaves are very large, up to across and divided into three lobes. Cow parsnip has the characteristic flower umbels of the carrot family (Apiaceae), blooming from February to September. The umbels can reach across, flat-topped or rounded, and composed of small white flowers. Sometimes the outer flowers of the umbel are much larger than the inner ones. The seeds are long and wide. Similar species It is commonly confused with ''Heracleum mantegazzianum'' (giant hogweed), a much larger plant that typically has purplish spots on the stems, as well as more sharply serrated leaves. Other tall invasive '' Heracleum'' species incl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cow Parsnip
''Heracleum'' is a genus of biennial and perennial herbs in the carrot family Apiaceae. They are found throughout the temperate northern hemisphere and in high mountains as far south as Ethiopia. Common names for the genus or its species include hogweed and cow parsnip. The genus name ''Heracleum'' was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753. It derives from the Ancient Greek () "of Heracles", referring to the mythological hero. Species Many species of the genus ''Heracleum'' are similar in appearance. An outlier is ''H. mantegazzianum'', the large size of which is exceptional. Common species include: * ''Heracleum mantegazzianum'', giant hogweed, native to the western Caucasus region of Eurasia, a serious invasive species in many areas of Europe and North America * ''Heracleum sosnowskyi'', Sosnowsky's hogweed, native to the eastern Caucasus, a common weed throughout Europe and Asia * ''Heracleum persicum'', Persian hogweed, native to Iran, Iraq, and Turkey * ''Heracleum spho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spotted Water Hemlock
''Cicuta maculata'' is a highly poisonous species of flowering plant in the carrot family known by several common names, including spotted water hemlock, spotted parsley, spotted cowbane, and the suicide root by the Iroquois. It is native to nearly all of North America, from northern Canada to southern Mexico. Description ''Cicuta maculata'' is a rhizomatous perennial herb producing a hollow erect stem that can reach a height of . The long leaves are made up of several lance-shaped, pointed, serrated leaflets. Each shiny green leaflet is long and the entire leaf may be up to long. The inflorescence of white flowers is similar in appearance to other species in the carrot family. It is a compound umbel with many clusters of flowers. The dry tan-brown fruit is a few millimeters long. The plant prefers wet habitats, such as wet meadows, roadside ditches, pond margins, open marshes, and freshwater swamps. Flowering is from May to September. The poisonous plant is occasionally m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western Water Hemlock
''Cicuta douglasii'', the western water hemlock, is a very poisonous perennial plant in the family Apiaceae. Description The plant's roots are thick and tuberous, with many smaller tubers on the main one, allowing survival in wet conditions. The stem is tall with purplish spots. The inner tubers and stem bases can have horizontal chambers useful for identification. The leaves are alternate and compound pinnate. The leaflets are long and wide, with jagged edges. Its inflorescences are compound umbels about across, with many small, white flowers, which have two seeds each. The seeds germinate in spring, and flowers mature near the end of June and beginning of July. Seed dispersal is by means of wind, water, machinery, clothing, and through transported soil. In addition to sprouting new plants from seeds, rootstocks can also produce new plants in the fall from the basal meristem. When these detach the following spring, they may form a new plant. Distribution and habit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Water Parsnip '', or water parsnip
{{Plant common name ...
Water parsnip is a common name given to a number of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, including those from the Berula and Sium genera. *Berula :*''Berula erecta'', cutleaf water parsnip or water parsnip *Sium :*''Sium latifolium'', greater water parsnip, or water parsnip :*''Sium suave ''Sium suave'', the water parsnip or hemlock waterparsnip, is a perennial wildflower in the family Apiaceae. It is native to many areas of both Asia and North America. The common name water parsnip is due to its similarity to parsnip (''Pastinaca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euleia Heraclei
''Euleia heraclei'', known as the celery fly or the hogweed picture-wing fly is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus ''Euleia'' of the family Tephritidae. Distribution This species is widespread in most of Europe (Austria, Belgium. Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, (Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Moldova, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, central European Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden, and Ukraine) and in the eastern Palearctic realm, in Central Asia (Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan), and Japan. It is also present in North Africa (Algeria, Morocco) and in the Middle East (Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Israel). In Britain, the species is distributed widely across southern and central England; in Wales records are mainly near the coast. Habitat These small flies mainly inhabit vegetable gardens and open countrysides where the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Furanocoumarins
The furanocoumarins, or furocoumarins, are a class of organic chemical compounds produced by a variety of plants. Most of the plant species found to contain furanocoumarins belong to a handful of plant families. The families Apiaceae and Rutaceae include the largest numbers of plant species that contain furanocoumarins. The families Moraceae and Fabaceae include a few widely distributed plant species that contain furanocoumarins. Generally furanocoumarins are most abundant in plants that have flowered and in ripe seeds and fruits. (An exception is the common fig where furanocoumarins are found chiefly in the milky sap of the leaves and shoots but not the fruits. Cited in McGovern and Barkley 2000, section&nbsPhytophotodermatitis) During the early stages of plant growth, their presence is not easily detected. Structure The chemical structure of furanocoumarins consists of a furan ring fused with a coumarin. The furan ring may be fused in various ways producing several differen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heracleum Sosnowskyi
''Heracleum sosnowskyi'', or Sosnowsky's hogweed, is a monocarpic perennial herbaceous flowering plant in the carrot family Apiaceae. Its native range includes the central and eastern Caucasus regions of Eurasia and extends into the southern Caucasus region called Transcaucasia. The native ranges of ''Heracleum sosnowskyi'' and ''Heracleum mantegazzianum'', a close relative, overlap in the Caucasus region. Sosnowsky's hogweed is now a common weed in the Baltic States, Belarus, Russia, Ukraine, and Poland. Early botanists considered ''H. sosnowskyi'' to be a subspecies of ''H. mantegazzianum''. Sosnowski's hogweed was described as a separate species by Ida P. Mandenova in 1944. The species is named in honor of the Russian botanist Dmitrii Ivanovich Sosnowsky (1885–1952), who found the species in Georgia in 1936. Description left, 192px, ''Heracleum sosnowskyi'' Inflorescences ''Heracleum sosnowskyi'' is 3–5 m in height, with a straight, firm stem that can reach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phytomyza Spondylii
''Phytomyza spondylii'' is a species of leaf miner fly in the family Agromyzidae. The larvae develop inside the leaves of its host plant, making a conspicuous whitish mine. Host plants include '' Astrantia bieberstedtii'', red masterwort ''Astrantia carniolica'', giant hogweed ''Heracleum mantegazzianum'', hogweed '' Heracleum sphondylium'' and wild parsnip ''Pastinaca sativa The parsnip (''Pastinaca sativa'') is a root vegetable closely related to carrot and parsley, all belonging to the flowering plant family Apiaceae. It is a biennial plant usually grown as an annual. Its long taproot has cream-colored skin and ...''. References Phytomyza Articles created by Qbugbot Insects described in 1851 {{Opomyzoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Floral Symmetry
Floral symmetry describes whether, and how, a flower, in particular its perianth, can be divided into two or more identical or mirror-image parts. Uncommonly, flowers may have no axis of symmetry at all, typically because their parts are spirally arranged. Actinomorphic Most flowers are actinomorphic ("star shaped", "radial"), meaning they can be divided into 3 or more identical sectors which are related to each other by rotation about the center of the flower. Typically, each sector might contain one tepal or one petal and one sepal and so on. It may or may not be possible to divide the flower into symmetrical halves by the same number of longitudinal planes passing through the axis: Oleander is an example of a flower without such mirror planes. Actinomorphic flowers are also called radially symmetrical or regular flowers. Other examples of actinomorphic flowers are the lily (''Lilium'', Liliaceae) and the buttercup (''Ranunculus'', Ranunculaceae). Zygomorphic Zygomorp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
