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Henry Joy McCracken
Henry Joy McCracken (31 August 1767 – 17 July 1798) was an Irish republican, a leading member of the Society of the United Irishmen and a commander of their forces in the field in the Rebellion of 1798. In pursuit of an independent and democratic Irish republic, he sought to ally the disaffected Presbyterians organised in the Society with the Catholic Defenders, and in 1798 to lead their combined forces in Antrim against the British Crown. Following the defeat and dispersal of the rebels under his command, McCracken was court-martialled and executed in Belfast. Early life and influences Henry Joy McCracken was born in High street, Belfast into two of the city's most prominent Presbyterian industrial families. He was the son of a shipowner, Captain John McCracken and Ann Joy, daughter of Francis Joy, of French Huguenot descent. The Joys, who made their money in linen manufacture, were closely associated with the rise of the Volunteer movement in Belfast, and founded the Whig pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Society Of United Irishmen
The Society of United Irishmen was a sworn association in the Kingdom of Ireland formed in the wake of the French Revolution to secure "an equal representation of all the people" in a national government. Despairing of constitutional reform, in 1798 the United Irishmen instigated Irish Rebellion of 1798, a republican insurrection in defiance of British Crown forces and of Irish sectarianism, sectarian division. Their suppression was a prelude to the abolition of the Protestant Ascendancy Parliament of Ireland, Parliament in Dublin and to Ireland's incorporation in a United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom with Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain. An attempt to revive the movement and renew the insurrection following the Acts of Union 1800, Acts of Union was Irish rebellion of 1803, defeated in 1803. Espousing principles they believed had been vindicated by American Revolutionary War, American independence and by the Declaration of the Rights of Man and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was a major war of the American Revolution. Widely considered as the war that secured the independence of the United States, fighting began on April 19, 1775, followed by the Lee Resolution on July 2, 1776, and the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The American Patriots were supported by the Kingdom of France and, to a lesser extent, the Dutch Republic and the Spanish Empire, in a conflict taking place in North America, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic Ocean. Established by royal charter in the 17th and 18th centuries, the American colonies were largely autonomous in domestic affairs and commercially prosperous, trading with Britain and its Caribbean colonies, as well as other European powers via their Caribbean entrepôts. After British victory over the French in the Seven Years' War in 1763, tensions between the motherland and he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lord Lieutenant Of Ireland
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (), or more formally Lieutenant General and General Governor of Ireland, was the title of the chief governor of Ireland from the Williamite Wars of 1690 until the Partition of Ireland in 1922. This spanned the Kingdom of Ireland (1541–1800) and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922). The office, under its various names, was often more generally known as the Viceroy, and his wife was known as the vicereine. The government of Ireland in practice was usually in the hands of the Lord Deputy up to the 17th century, and later of the Chief Secretary for Ireland. Role The Lord Lieutenant possessed a number of overlapping roles. He was * the representative of the King (the "viceroy"); * the head of the executive in Ireland; * (on occasion) a member of the English or British Cabinet; * the fount of mercy, justice and patronage; * (on occasion) commander-in-chief in Ireland. * Grand Master of the Order of St. Patrick Prior to the Ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Test Of The Society Of United Irishmen
The test was a pledge taken by members of a democratic political society in the Kingdom of Ireland, the United Irishmen, who in 1798 organised a republican insurrection. The original Test taken by members of the Society of United Irishmen was written by the physician William Drennan. Approved at the first meeting of the Dublin society in November 1791, it read:I, - AB in the presence of God, do pledge myself to my country, that I will use all my abilities and influence in the attainment of an impartial and adequate representation of the Irish nation in parliament: and as a means of absolute and immediate necessity in accomplishing this chief good of Ireland, I shall do whatever lies in my power to forward a brotherhood of affection, an identity of interests, a communion of rights, and a union of power among Irishmen of every religious persuasion, without which every reform must be partial, not national, inadequate to the wants, delusive to the wishes, and insufficient for the freed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolfe Tone
Theobald Wolfe Tone, posthumously known as Wolfe Tone ( ga, Bhulbh Teón; 20 June 176319 November 1798), was a leading Irish revolutionary figure and one of the founding members in Belfast and Dublin of the United Irishmen, a republican society determined to end British rule, and achieve accountable government, in Ireland. Throughout his political career, Tone was involved in a number of military engagements against the British navy. He was active in drawing Irish Catholics and Protestants together in the United cause, and in soliciting French assistance for a general insurrection. In November 1798, on his second attempt to land in Ireland with French troops and supplies, he was captured by British naval forces. The United Irish risings of the summer had already been crushed. Tone died in advance of his scheduled execution, probably, as modern scholars generally believe, by his own hand. Later generations were to regard Tone as the father of Irish Republicanism. His grave in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas McCabe (United Irishmen)
Thomas McCabe (1739 - 1820), a prominent merchant in Belfast, was an abolitionist credited with defeating a proposal to commission ships in the town for the Middle Passage, and, with his son William Putnam McCabe, was an active member of the Society of the United Irishmen. Early life and family Born in Lurgan in the north-east of County Armagh, McCabe became a watchmaker in North Street in BelfastDawson 2003 and was also involved in cotton manufactureMcCabe 1999, pg 33. with the Joy and McCarcken families. Along with the Joys and the McCrackens he was also a member of the First Presbyterian Church in Belfast. Similar to other future United Irelanders, such as Henry Haslett and William Tennant, he was a Freemason and a member of Lodge 684. He married Jean Woolsey, daughter of John Woolsey, a merchant of Portadown and together they had four children. Their third child was William Putnam McCabe,a fellow Freemason, who would also join the United Irishmen, and was important in organi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Neilson
Samuel Neilson (17 September 1761 – 29 August 1803) was an Irish businessman, journalist and politician. He was a founding member of the Society of United Irishmen and the founder of its newspaper, the Northern Star (newspaper of the Society of United Irishmen), ''Northern Star''. Along with many other Irish Protestant, Protestants of Belfast he was radicalised by the French Revolution. In 1797 he was arrested and the ''Northern Star'' suppressed by the Irish authorities. In prison during 1798, he took no part in the Irish Rebellion of 1798, failed rebellion of that year. Later he went into exile in the United States, where he died of yellow fever. Background Neilson was born in Ballyroney, County Down in the north of Ireland, the son of Presbyterian Minister (Christianity), minister Alexander, and Agnes Neilson and was therefore a "son of the manse".Dickson p.216 He was educated locally, but like many of his contemporaries was influenced by Whigs (British political party), Engli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irish Music Collecting
Irish music collecting is an area concerned with preserving the large body of traditional Irish music. Collections have been gathered by individual collectors of Irish music as well as organisations (such as the Irish Traditional Music Archive formed in the 1980s). Early period Very little Irish music composed before 1700 survives. Some airs from this period are preserved in manuscript, the Fitzwilliam Virginal Book being one of the more notable examples. A reference to ''Callen O Costure Me/Cailin O Chois tSuire Me'' in William Ballet's book of lute music in the late 16th century is the first known record of an Irish traditional song written in musical notation. Irish traditional tunes were recorded in John Playford's ''The Dancing Master'' (mid 17th century), and Durfey's ''Pills to Purge Melancholy'' (late 17th century). In 1724, the first recorded collection of Irish traditional music, ''A Collection of the Most Celebrated Irish Tunes'' was published by John and William Neale ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Bunting
Edward Bunting (1773–1843) was an Irish musician and folk music collector. Life Bunting was born in County Armagh, Ireland. At the age of seven he was sent to study music at Drogheda and at eleven he was apprenticed to William Ware, organist at St. Anne's church in Belfast and lived with the family of Henry Joy McCracken. At nineteen he was engaged to transcribe music from oral-tradition harpists at the Belfast Harp Festival in 1792. As Bunting was a classically trained musician, he did not understand the unique characteristics of Irish music, such as modes, and when transcribing tunes he 'corrected' them according to Classical music rules. One proof of this is that some tunes published by him were in keys that could not have been played by the harpists. His notes on the harpists, how they played and the terminology they used is however invaluable, and also many tunes would have been lost if he had not collected them. Bunting's arrangement of the festival melodies for the pian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belfast Harp Festival
The Belfast Harp Festival, called by contemporary writers The Belfast Harpers Assembly,Sara C. Lanier, «"It is new-strung and shan't be heard": nationalism and memory in the Irish harp tradition». in: ''British Journal of Ethnomusicology''; Vol. 8, 1999 11–14 July 1792, was a three-day musical and patriotic event organised in Belfast, Ireland, by leading members of the local Society for Promoting Knowledge ( the Linen Hall Library): Dr. James MacDonnell, Robert Bradshaw, Henry Joy, and Robert Simms. Edward Bunting, a young classically trained organist, was commissioned to notate the forty tunes performed by ten harpists attending, work that was to form the major part of his ''General Collection of the Ancient Irish Music'' (1796). The venue of the contest was in The Assembly Room on Waring Street in Belfast which was opened as a market house in 1769. It was staged for the benefit of the Belfast Charitable Society but coincided with the town's Bastille Day celebrations with whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mary Wollstonecraft
Mary Wollstonecraft (, ; 27 April 1759 – 10 September 1797) was a British writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights. Until the late 20th century, Wollstonecraft's life, which encompassed several unconventional personal relationships at the time, received more attention than her writing. Today Wollstonecraft is regarded as one of the founding feminist philosophers, and feminists often cite both her life and her works as important influences. During her brief career, she wrote novels, treatises, a travel narrative, a history of the French Revolution, a conduct book, and a children's book. Wollstonecraft is best known for ''A Vindication of the Rights of Woman'' (1792), in which she argues that women are not naturally inferior to men, but appear to be only because they lack education. She suggests that both men and women should be treated as rational beings and imagines a social order founded on reason. After Wollstonecraft's death, her widower published a ''Memoir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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