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Hemiphractidae
The Hemiphractidae are a family (biology), family of frogs from South America, South and Central America. Previously, this group had been classified as a subfamily (Hemiphractinae) under family Hylidae. More recent research classifies these genera into their own family, or sometimes into three separate families: Amphignathodontidae (''Flectonotus'' and ''Gastrotheca''), Cryptobatrachidae (''Cryptobatrachus'' and ''Stefania''), and Hemiphractidae (''Hemiphractus''). An active question still exists as to which of these groupings is more accurate. Breeding behavior An unusual and unique adaptation in this family is the breeding behavior where the eggs are carried on the female's back; the eggs may develop into froglets on the back of the female without free-swimming tadpole stage, be released after hatching as tadpoles, or be deposited in water to complete their development there. In some species (genus ''Gastrotheca'' and some ''Flectonotus''), this goes as far as to enclose th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemiphractidae
The Hemiphractidae are a family (biology), family of frogs from South America, South and Central America. Previously, this group had been classified as a subfamily (Hemiphractinae) under family Hylidae. More recent research classifies these genera into their own family, or sometimes into three separate families: Amphignathodontidae (''Flectonotus'' and ''Gastrotheca''), Cryptobatrachidae (''Cryptobatrachus'' and ''Stefania''), and Hemiphractidae (''Hemiphractus''). An active question still exists as to which of these groupings is more accurate. Breeding behavior An unusual and unique adaptation in this family is the breeding behavior where the eggs are carried on the female's back; the eggs may develop into froglets on the back of the female without free-swimming tadpole stage, be released after hatching as tadpoles, or be deposited in water to complete their development there. In some species (genus ''Gastrotheca'' and some ''Flectonotus''), this goes as far as to enclose th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphignathodontidae
The marsupial frogs are a disputed family (Amphignathodontidae) in the order Anura. When treated as a separate family, it consists of two genera, ''Gastrotheca'' and ''Flectonotus''. The frogs are native to Neotropical America (Central and South America). Under the dominant view, they are treated as part of the family of Hemiphractidae The Hemiphractidae are a family (biology), family of frogs from South America, South and Central America. Previously, this group had been classified as a subfamily (Hemiphractinae) under family Hylidae. More recent research classifies these gen .... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q55471 Neobatrachia Amphibian families Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger Neotropical realm fauna es:Hemiphractidae it:Hemiphractidae pt:Amphignathodontidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptobatrachus
''Cryptobatrachus'' is a genus of frogs in the family Hemiphractidae. They are found in Colombia and Venezuela. They are also known as backpack frogs, as the females have the habit of carrying their egg clutch on their backs until the young hatch; this behavior also occurs in the related hemiphractid genera ''Hemiphractus'' and ''Stefania''. Description ''Cryptobatrachus'' have a treefrog-like habitus. Males measure and females in snout–vent length. Fingers have no webbing whereas the toes are webbed. The finger and toe tips bear disks that are larger on the former. Also adhesive pads are present on the penultimate subarticular tubercles on the fingers. Males lack vocal sac and these frogs appear not to vocalize. Species There are six species in the genus ''Cryptobatrachus'': * ''Cryptobatrachus boulengeri'' Ruthven, 1916 * '' Cryptobatrachus conditus'' , 2008 * '' Cryptobatrachus fuhrmanni'' (Peracca, 1914) * '' Cryptobatrachus pedroruizi'' Lynch, 2008 * '' Cryptobatrach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemiphractus
''Hemiphractus'' is a genus of frogs, the horned treefrogs, in the family Hemiphractidae. These overall brownish frogs have a pointed snout and a casque on the head. They are nocturnal, relatively rare and native to humid lowland and highland forests in northern South America (Amazon east as far as Tapajós, Chocó-Magdalena and northern Andes) and Panama, where typically found on the ground or at relatively low levels in vegetation. Description ''Hemiphractus'' are robust-bodied frogs. The genus is characterized by a fleshy proboscis on the tip of the snout and fleshy tubercles on the eyelids, skull that is highly casqued with prominent lateral occipital processes projecting backwards, and fang-like maxillary and premaxillary teeth. Females grow larger than males, and depending on exact species the snout–to–vent length generally is between . Behaviour ''Hemiphractus'' are believed to be specialized predators of other frogs, and hence confined to areas with high density o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fritziana
''Fritziana'' is a genus of frogs in the family Hemiphractidae. They are endemic to southeastern Brazil and found on the mountains and adjacent coastal lowlands from Espírito Santo to São Paulo state. Taxonomy The genus has been considered synonym of ''Flectonotus ''Flectonotus'' is a genus of frogs of the family Hemiphractidae. They are found on the Andes The Andes, Andes Mountains or Andean Mountains (; ) are the longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland alon ...'', but was recognized again in 2011. The former ''Flectonotus'' consisted of two geographically disjunctive components, one from northern South America (''Flectonotus'' as understood today) and the other from southeastern Brazil (''Fritziana''). The distinctiveness of these taxa is now well established and based on both molecular, behavioural, and morphological characters. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Fritziana'': References H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flectonotus Pygmaeus02
''Flectonotus'' is a genus of frogs of the family Hemiphractidae. They are found on the Andes of northeastern Colombia and adjacent Venezuela as well as in Trinidad and Tobago. Taxonomy The genus has been considered to include ''Fritziana ''Fritziana'' is a genus of frogs in the family Hemiphractidae. They are endemic to southeastern Brazil and found on the mountains and adjacent coastal lowlands from Espírito Santo to São Paulo state. Taxonomy The genus has been considered syn ...'', but the latter genus was recognized again in 2011. The former ''Flectonotus'' consisted of two geographically disjunctive components, one from northern South America (=''Flectonotus'', as understood today) and the other from southeastern Brazil (now ''Fritziana''). The distinctiveness of these taxa is now well established and based on both molecular, behavioural, and morphological characters. Species There are two ''Flectonotus'' species: * '' Flectonotus fitzgeraldi'' (Parker, 1934) * '' Flec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flectonotus
''Flectonotus'' is a genus of frogs of the family Hemiphractidae. They are found on the Andes of northeastern Colombia and adjacent Venezuela as well as in Trinidad and Tobago. Taxonomy The genus has been considered to include ''Fritziana ''Fritziana'' is a genus of frogs in the family Hemiphractidae. They are endemic to southeastern Brazil and found on the mountains and adjacent coastal lowlands from Espírito Santo to São Paulo state. Taxonomy The genus has been considered syn ...'', but the latter genus was recognized again in 2011. The former ''Flectonotus'' consisted of two geographically disjunctive components, one from northern South America (=''Flectonotus'', as understood today) and the other from southeastern Brazil (now ''Fritziana''). The distinctiveness of these taxa is now well established and based on both molecular, behavioural, and morphological characters. Species There are two ''Flectonotus'' species: * '' Flectonotus fitzgeraldi'' (Parker, 1934) * '' Flec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastrotheca
''Gastrotheca'' is a genus of frogs in the family (biology), family Hemiphractidae. They are found in Central America south of Costa Rica and in South America. Most species occur in the American Cordillera from southern Costa Rica to north-western Argentina. This genus makes up the bulk of Amphignathodontidae, marsupial frog diversity; formerly it was placed in the "Leptodactylidae" assemblage. Marsupial frogs are so-called because they possess a dorsal brood pouch. In some species the eggs are fertilized on the female's lower back, and are inserted in her pouch with the aid of the male's toes. The eggs remain in contact with the female's circulatory system, vascular tissue, which provides them oxygen. ''Gastrotheca guentheri'' (Guenther's marsupial frog) is the only known frog with true teeth in its lower jaw. ''Gastrotheca riobambae'' (Andean marsupial tree frog) is kept as pet and is used in scientific experiments. ''Gastrotheca gemma'' was additionally discovered in 2021. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stefania
''Stefania'' is a genus of frogs in the family Hemiphractidae. They are native to the highlands of the Guiana Shield in southern Venezuela, Guyana, and adjacent far northern Brazil. Most are restricted to the tepui highlands, but '' S. evansi'' also occurs in lowlands. On most mountains there are only 1–2 species from this genus, but five are known from Mount Ayanganna and the neighbouring Mount Wokomung has six species. They are usually found near streams at low levels on branches/leaves or on the ground among vegetation/rocks. They are famous for their breeding strategy where the development from eggs to froglets is completed on the back of the female (the eggs hatch to froglets; there is no free-swimming tadpole A tadpole is the larval stage in the biological life cycle of an amphibian. Most tadpoles are fully aquatic, though some species of amphibians have tadpoles that are terrestrial. Tadpoles have some fish-like features that may not be found i ... stage). The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gastrotheca Cornuta
The horned marsupial frog (''Gastrotheca cornuta''), originally named ''Nototrema cornutum'' (Boulenger) after the first describer George Albert Boulenger in 1898), accessdate 2019-02-19 is a species of in the family . It is an arboreal species found in , , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tadpole
A tadpole is the larval stage in the biological life cycle of an amphibian. Most tadpoles are fully aquatic, though some species of amphibians have tadpoles that are terrestrial. Tadpoles have some fish-like features that may not be found in adult amphibians such as a lateral line, gills and swimming tails. As they undergo metamorphosis, they start to develop functional lungs for breathing air, and the diet of tadpoles changes drastically. A few amphibians, such as some members of the frog family Brevicipitidae, undergo direct development i.e., they do not undergo a free-living larval stage as tadpoles instead emerging from eggs as fully formed "froglet" miniatures of the adult morphology. Some other species hatch into tadpoles underneath the skin of the female adult or are kept in a pouch until after metamorphosis. Having no hard skeletons, it might be expected that tadpole fossils would not exist. However, traces of biofilms have been preserved and fossil tadpoles have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frog
A frog is any member of a diverse and largely Carnivore, carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order (biology), order Anura (ανοὐρά, literally ''without tail'' in Ancient Greek). The oldest fossil "proto-frog" ''Triadobatrachus'' is known from the Early Triassic of Madagascar, but molecular clock, molecular clock dating suggests their split from other amphibians may extend further back to the Permian, 265 Myr, million years ago. Frogs are widely distributed, ranging from the tropics to subarctic regions, but the greatest concentration of species diversity is in tropical rainforest. Frogs account for around 88% of extant amphibian species. They are also one of the five most diverse vertebrate orders. Warty frog species tend to be called toads, but the distinction between frogs and toads is informal, not from Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy or evolutionary history. An adult frog has a stout body, protruding eyes, anteriorly-attached tongue, limb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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